Quantum fidelity and dynamical scar states on chaotic billiard system

It is found that the decay rate of the quantum fidelity is suppressed, when the periodic orbit scars in the accumulation of the time-evolving wavefunction become obvious in two-dimensional (2D) nanostructure. The fidelity is numerically evaluated by the time-evolution of the wavepacket inside a 2D chaotic nanostructure: the stadium, which is the typical chaotic system. The suppression is apparent in the Lyapunov regime, where the decay rate does not depend on the strength of the perturbation.     

New technique for the fabrication of conductive polymer/insulating polymer composite films

The electrochemical polymerization of pyrrole on an ITO (indium‐tin oxide)‐coated glass electrode with an insulating film of poly(vinyl alcohol), PVA, produces a flexible composite polymer film with electrical, optical, and electrochemical properties very similar to polypyrrole (PPy). The rate of electrochemical polymerization depends on the diffusion of the electrolyte across the PVA film to the ITO electrode. In particular, hydrophilic solvents easily penetrate into the PVA film. By applying this new process, we demonstrate a unique method of forming electrically conductive patterns in PVA film. It will be possible to develop electrodes for electrical stimulation of the nervous system using a conducting polymer, PPy. By a similar technique we have fabricated poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene), PEDOT/PVA, composite films and have investigated their electrochemical basic properties. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 174(4): 1–8, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library ( wileyonlinelibrary.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.21055     

Influence of pH,concentration of sodium lactate as an additive and ultrasonic treatment on synthesis of zinc phosphate white pigments

Zinc oxide that has the photocatalytic activity is used as a white pigment for cosmetics. A certain degree of sebum on the skin is decomposed by the ultraviolet radiation in sunlight. In this work, zinc phosphates were prepared from zinc nitrate and phosphoric acid at pH 5 and 7 with and without the addition of sodium lactate and ultrasonic treatment as a novel white pigment for use in cosmetics. The chemical composition, powder properties, photocatalytic activity, colour phase, moisture retention and smoothness of the zinc phosphates were studied. The obtained materials had a Zn/P ratio of about 1.5, which corresponds to zinc orthophosphate Zn₃(PO₄)₂. Samples prepared with ultrasonic treatment indicated the high ratios of large particles in scanning electron microscopy images and particle‐size distributions. The photocatalytic activity of these zinc phosphate particles was too less to protect the sebum on the skin. The materials obtained and their thermal products at 100°C showed a high reflectance within the range of visible light. The slipping resistance and roughness of the powder were enough low for use in cosmetics.     

Gene expression in gastric carcinoma tissues

In gastric cancer, the expression of c-myc protein and mRNA were investigated to determine the mechanism of inappropriate expression of c-myc gene. Correlation between clinical findings and the gene was also studied. Forty-six lesions of 43 patients were investigated by immunohistochemical staining technique. The expression of c-myc mRNA in the small fresh tissues of the same patients was detected by Northern blot hybridization. Results were as follows: 1) c-myc protein was detected in 20 lesions. The expression of c-myc protein was not differed in histological types ans stages of the lesions. 2) The level of c-myc mRNA expression was increased. In 34 cancer lesions than normal mucosa of the same patients. The overexpression of c-myc mRNA in the cancer lesion was more frequently found in early-stage cancer than in advanced-stage cancer. However, no difference was seen in histological types. 3) c-myc protein expression was correlated with mRNA overexpression. 4) In early-stage cancer, the rate of the lesions found to express excess c-myc protein was not so frequent as that of mRNA overexpression. In conclusion, c-myc mRNA overexpression was thought to cause inappropriate protein expression in gastric cancer and c-myc gene overexpression might happen already in the early-stage of gastric cancer suggesting it had a role in carcinogenesis.     

Study on rough-surface biaxially oriented polypropylene film. I. Formation of β-form crystals in sheet cast with T-die extruder

Sheets were cast by extruding polypropylenes (PP) which contained γ-quinacridone, a β-crystal nucleator, at levels of 0–10 ppm using a 30 mm ϕ extruder with a T-die at extrusion temperatures of 200–260°C and chill roll temperatures of 30–90°C. The influences of raw resin characteristics such as γ-quinacridone content and MFI of the base PP and casting conditions such as extrusion temperature and chill roll temperature on the amount of β-crystals formed in the sheet were studied. The amount of the β-crystals formed was larger as the γ-quinacridone content was higher and the extrusion temperature was lower and almost independent of the chill roll temperature. As for the influence of MFI of the base PP, the amount of the β-crystals formed was maximum at MFI ≑ 8 dg/min.     

Synchronous CDMA for optical subscriber systems using 'block interleave'

Synchronous code-division multiple access (S/CDMA) for optical subscriber systems is reported. 'Block interleave' for signals modulated by the spread spectrum method is proposed. Block interleave supports phase synchronisation of codes. S/CDMA is an exciting possibility for passive double stars because it minimises interference among channels. A theoretical analysis and one experiment show that the most important factor in selecting code sequences is the small size of the maximum absolute value of crosscorrelation.<>     

Analysis of cell proliferation in endoscopically biopsied specimen of the stomal mucosa of the remnant stomach--with special reference to cell cycle and ODC activity

An attempt was made to investigate the status of cell proliferation in the remnant stomach, using endoscopically biopsied specimens, with cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry (FCM) and ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity determination. Fifty-three partially gastrectomized patients (male 33, female 20) were examined. Their mean age was 60.5, and 22 underwent Billroth I (BI), and 30 Billroth II (B II) operation. The mean time elapsing from the initial operation was 4.0 years. Almost all specimens showed DNA diploidy by FCM. The S phase cell percentage was higher in the stomal area, especially in the B II group. Significantly higher ODC activity was recognized in the stomal mucosa especially in the B II group. A significant positive relationship was noted between postoperative duration and ODC activity in the B II group. These results suggest activated cell proliferation in the stomal area of the remnant stomach. Especially in the B II group, cell proliferation increased with time after initial operation. This activated cell proliferation may play some role in the carcinogenesis of the remnant stomach.     

Power penalty analysis due to polarisation diversity on 1.2 Gbit/s optical DPSK heterodyne transmission

An optical DPSK transmission experiment was performed over 100 km at a bit rate of 1.2 Gbit/s using a dual-balanced polarisation-diversity receiver. A high receiver sensitivity of less than -42.8 dBm was achieved and the power penalty due to polarisation diversity was analysed.<>