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101.
Vergleich der Extrakte und des Lignins aus frischem und gelagertem Kiefernholz (Pinus sylvestris L.)
The degradation processes of the extractives of pine wood caused by aging are only noticeable in the heartwood. In seasoned sapwood the percentages of the water extracts and the cyclohexane-ethanol extract increase compared with the green sample; the alkali extracts, however, do not vary. The contents of acid lignin as well as the UV and IR spectra of MWL do not show differences. The amount of OCH3/C9 is in all samples 0.96, but the degree of oxidation is higher in the seasoned wood than in the green one. 相似文献
102.
Ernst Pöppel 《Informatik-Spektrum》2002,73(6):427-437
103.
The man-machine dialog is very important for the design process. In this paper a program system, based on the minicomputer KRS 4201 (ROBOTRON), is demonstrated by using an interactive graphical screen. This program system provides the opportunity to analyze and synthesize mechanisms up to 16 links. The application is demonstrated by designing a front-loader-system for a truck. Real-time animation of seven-bar linkages and coupler curves, including velocity and acceleration, are shown. 相似文献
104.
Structured document storage and refined declarative and navigational access mechanisms in HyperStorM 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Klemens Böhm Karl Aberer Erich J. Neuhold Xiaoya Yang 《The VLDB Journal The International Journal on Very Large Data Bases》1997,6(4):296-311
The combination of SGML and database technology allows to refine both declarative and navigational access mechanisms for
structured document collection: with regard to declarative access, the user can formulate complex information needs without
knowing a query language, the respective document type definition (DTD) or the underlying modelling. Navigational access is
eased by hyperlink-rendition mechanisms going beyond plain link-integrity checking. With our approach, the database-internal
representation of documents is configurable. It allows for an efficient implementation of operations, because DTD knowledge
is not needed for document structure recognition. We show how the number of method invocations and the cost of parsing can
be significantly reduced.
Edited by Y.C. Tay. Received April 22, 1996 / Accepted March 16, 1997 相似文献
105.
Daniel Röhnert Fritz Phillipp Helfried Reuther Till Weber Egbert Wessel Michael Schütze 《Oxidation of Metals》2007,68(5-6):271-293
The initial stages of the metal-dusting process on Alloy 800 at 620 °C were investigated by light optical microscopy, RAMAN
spectroscopy, atomic-force microscopy, Auger electron spectroscopy, transmission-electron microscopy and electron back-scatter
diffraction. As it turned out the incubation period for metal-dusting is characterized by simultaneous formation of a heterogeneously
growing oxide scale and deposition of carbon. The material surface shows different tarnish colors depending on the substrate-grain
orientation with different susceptibility to the beginning of metal-dusting attack. “Low-index” grains were not attacked within
the times investigated while the other grain orientations showed pitting. Carbon is evidently incorporated into the oxide
scale from the very beginning of exposure with different intensities depending on the underlying substrate-grain orientation
leading to differences in the tarnish colors. As a consequence carbides are formed even underneath “dense” oxide layers. Evidently
metal-dusting attack starts at positions of the oxide scale where “higher carbon concentrations” are present. 相似文献
106.
107.
K. Fröhlich 《e & i Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik》2002,119(1):15-21
It is discussed to what extent tools, provided by modern information technology, reasonably improve the performance of high voltage circuit breakers in transmission systems of electric power. Controlled switching, properly applied, has a high potential to increase life expectancy of the breaker itself and of the adjacent equipment. Power quality can also be improved. The technical advantage of controlled switching is beyond doubt, although the economic benefits are not easily quantified. In terms of breaker intelligence, another very important aspect is condition diagnosis. In particular a model based diagnosis seems to point to the future. Condition diagnosis giving maintainance requirements and pre-warning of impending failures should facilitate the tasks of the operating personnel. As a conclusion it can be stated that more intelligence of circuit breakers would be useful. 相似文献
108.
Droplet formation on Si surfaces bombarded by 10 keV beams from a liquid metal indium ion source has been observed. It has been verified that excess indium is transported in the ion beam, probably in the form of charged droplets. SIMS, SEM and RBS techniques have been used to study the distribution of droplets at the surface. At the specified ion source operating conditions, equilibrium droplet coverage is of the order of 25%. Individual droplets have an average diameter of 0.35 ωm and an average height of 2.2 nm. At a bombardment current density of 0.1 mA cm?2, equilibrium coverage is reached in about 1 s. 相似文献
109.
C. Schönbauer Dipl.-Ing. 《e & i Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik》2003,120(10):304-306
The new law for the support of electricity produced by renewable sources in Austria (Ökostromgesetz) which came into force with the beginning of 2003, shows its impacts already after the first months. Investments into wind power have increased considerably. These will be accompanied by activities for electricity production by biomass and biogas. The 4%-target quota will probably be reached earlier than the 2008 target period of the law. 相似文献
110.
Zusammenfassung Aufgrund von Eingangs- und Ausgangsst?rungen des Me?systems sowie einer endlichen Frequenzaufl?sung treten stets systematische
(Bias-) und zuf?llige Fehler bei gemessenen Frequenzg?ngen und deren Varianzen auf. Auf solchen Frequenzg?ngen und Varianzen
beruhende Sch?tzungen der modalen Parameter sind damit ebenfalls systematisch verzerrt. Um die Genauigkeit und Sicherheit
der modalen Parameter zu erh?hen, wird ein Sch?tzverfahren vorgestellt, in dem der Einflu? der Biasfehler auf die Sch?tzung
n?herungsweise in einer diagonalen Wichtungsmatrix berücksichtigt wird. Es wird gezeigt, da? die systematischen Fehler Einflu?
auf die Absch?tzung der statistischen Sicherheit der modalen Parameter haben. Anhand zweier Beispiele wird die Wirksamkeit
des Sch?tzverfahrens demonstriert.
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Dr.-Ing. E.h.H.K. T?nshoff: Dipl.-Ing.Z. Liu, Institut für Fertigungstechnik und Spanende Werkzeugmaschinen (IFW), Universit?t Hannover. 相似文献