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241.
Brahim Rekiek Pierre De Lit Fabrice Pellichero Thomas L'Eglise Patrick Fouda Emanuel Falkenauer Alain Delchambre 《Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing》2001,12(5-6):467-485
The purpose of this paper is to describe some of the main problems concerning assembly line design. The focus will be on the following steps: (1) the input data preparation, (2) the elaboration of the logical layout of the line, which consists in the distribution of operations among stations along the line and an assignment of resources to the different stations, (3) finally the mapping phase using a simulation package to check the obtained results. This work presents a new method to tackle the hybrid assembly line design, dealing with multiple objectives. The goal is to minimize the total cost of the line by integrating design (station space, cost, etc.) and operation issues (cycle time, precedence constraints, availability, etc.). This paper also presents in detail a very promising approach to solve multiple objective problems. It is a multiple objective grouping genetic algorithm hybridized with the multicriteria decision-aid method PROMETHEE II. An approach to deal with users preferences in design problems is also introduced. The essential concepts adopted by the method are described and its application to an industrial case study is presented. 相似文献
242.
Christophe Berthon Pierre Charrier Bruno Dubroca 《Journal of scientific computing》2007,31(3):347-389
The M
1 radiative transfer model is considered in the present work in order to simulate the radiative fields and their interactions
with the matter. The model is governed by an hyperbolic system of conservation laws supplemented by relaxation source terms.
Several difficulties arise when approximating the solutions of the model; namely the positiveness of the energy, the flux
limitation and and the limit diffusion behavior have to be satisfied. An HLLC scheme is exhibited and it is shown to satisfy
all the required properties. A particular attention is payed concerning the approximate extreme waves. These approximations
are crucial to obtain an accurate scheme. The extension to the full 2D problem is proposed. It satisfies, once again, all
the expected properties. Numerical experiments are proposed. They show that the considered scheme is actually less diffusive
than the currently used numerical methods.
相似文献
243.
The neural mechanisms underlying motion segregation and integration still remain unclear to a large extent. Local motion estimates
often are ambiguous in the lack of form features, such as corners or junctions. Furthermore, even in the presence of such
features, local motion estimates may be wrong if they were generated near occlusions or from transparent objects. Here, a
neural model of visual motion processing is presented that involves early stages of the cortical dorsal and ventral pathways.
We investigate the computational mechanisms of V1-MT feedforward and feedback processing in the perception of coherent shape
motion. In particular, we demonstrate how modulatory MT-V1 feedback helps to stabilize localized feature signals at, e.g.
corners, and to disambiguate initial flow estimates that signal ambiguous movement due to the aperture problem for single
shapes. In cluttered environments with multiple moving objects partial occlusions may occur which, in turn, generate erroneous
motion signals at points of overlapping form. Intrinsic-extrinsic region boundaries are indicated by local T-junctions of
possibly any orientation and spatial configuration. Such junctions generate strong localized feature tracking signals that
inject erroneous motion directions into the integration process. We describe a simple local mechanism of excitatory form-motion
interaction that modifies spurious motion cues at T-junctions. In concert with local competitive-cooperative mechanisms of
the motion pathway the motion signals are subsequently segregated into coherent representations of moving shapes. Computer
simulations demonstrate the competency of the proposed neural model. 相似文献
244.
Philipp Andrea M.; Jolicoeur Pierre; Falkenstein Michael; Koch Iring 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2007,33(6):1062
The present study used a go/no-go signal delay (GSD) to explore the role of response-related processes in task switching. A go/no-go signal was presented at either 100 ms or 1,500 ms after the stimulus. Participants were encouraged to use the GSD for response selection and preparation. The data indicate that the opportunity to select and prepare a response (i.e., long GSD) resulted in a substantial reduction of task-shift costs (Experiment 1) and n-2 task-repetition costs (i.e., backward inhibition; Experiment 2) in the current trial. These results suggest that interference from the preceding trial can be resolved during response selection and preparation. Furthermore, the shift costs and the n-2 repetition costs after no-go trials with long GSD (i.e., response selection but no execution) were markedly smaller than after go trials. These findings suggest that the interference that gives rise to shift costs and n-2 repetition costs is related not solely to response selection but also to response execution. Thus, the present study demonstrates dissociable contributions of response selection and response execution to interference effects in task switching. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
245.
Wilson Keith G.; Chochinov Harvey Max; McPherson Christine J.; Skirko Merika Graham; Allard Pierre; Chary Srini; Gagnon Pierre R.; Macmillan Karen; De Luca Marina; O'Shea Fiona; Kuhl David; Fainsinger Robin L.; Karam Andrea M.; Clinch Jennifer J. 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2007,26(3):314
Objective: To investigate the attitudes of terminally ill individuals toward the legalization of euthanasia or physician-assisted suicide (PAS) and to identify those who would personally desire such a death. Design: In the Canadian National Palliative Care Survey, semistructured interviews were administered to 379 patients who were receiving palliative care for cancer. Patients who expressed a desire for physician-hastened death were followed prospectively. Main Outcome Measures: Attitudes toward the legalization of euthanasia or PAS were determined, as was the personal interest in receiving a hastened death. Demographic and clinical characteristics were also recorded, including a 22-item structured interview of symptoms and concerns. Results: There were 238 participants (62.8%) who believed that euthanasia and/or PAS should be legalized, and 151 (39.8%) who would consider making a future request for a physician-hastened death. However, only 22 (5.8%) reported that, if legally permissible, they would initiate such a request right away, in their current situations. This desire for hastened death was associated with lower religiosity (p = .010), reduced functional status (p = .024), a diagnosis of major depression (p 相似文献
246.
Emmanuel Defaÿ David Wolozan Jean-Pierre Blanc Emmanuelle Serret Pierre Garrec Sophie Verrun Denis Pellissier Philippe Delpech Julie Guillan Bernard Andr Laurent Ulmer Marc Aïd Pascal Ancey 《Solid-state electronics》2007,51(11-12):1624
This paper describes realization and characterization of SrTiO3 (STO) high K MIM capacitors above BiCMOS integrated circuit (IC). These capacitances are connected to IC and are used as coupling capacitors in order to realize a high pass filter. Surface capacitance achieved is 10 nF/mm2 with capacitance value of 1.2 nF. The process for STO MIM fabrication does not exceed 400 °C, which is compatible with interconnections. Typical K and dielectric losses values obtained are, respectively 110% and 2%. Yield obtained reaches 83% for capacitors. A functional high pass filter using these STO capacitors was realized in this study. It exhibits a cut-off frequency at 6.5 kHz and a constant gain at higher frequencies of −1.3 dB. 相似文献
247.
This paper studies notions of locality that are inherent to the specification of distributed tasks by identifying fundamental relationships between the various scales of computation, from the individual process to the whole system. A locality property called projection-closed is identified. This property completely characterizes tasks that are wait-free checkable, where a task $T =(\mathcal{I },\mathcal{O },\varDelta )$ T = ( I , O , Δ ) is said to be checkable if there exists a distributed algorithm that, given $s\in \mathcal{I }$ s ∈ I and $t\in \mathcal{O }$ t ∈ O , determines whether $t\in \varDelta {(s)}$ t ∈ Δ ( s ) , i.e., whether $t$ t is a valid output for $s$ s according to the specification of $T$ T . Projection-closed tasks are proved to form a rich class of tasks. In particular, determining whether a projection-closed task is wait-free solvable is shown to be undecidable. A stronger notion of locality is identified by considering tasks whose outputs “look identical” to the inputs at every process: a task $T= (\mathcal{I },\mathcal{O },\varDelta )$ T = ( I , O , Δ ) is said to be locality-preserving if $\mathcal{O }$ O is a covering complex of $\mathcal{I }$ I . We show that this topological property yields obstacles for wait-free solvability different in nature from the classical impossibility results. On the other hand, locality-preserving tasks are projection-closed, and thus they are wait-free checkable. A classification of locality-preserving tasks in term of their relative computational power is provided. This is achieved by defining a correspondence between subgroups of the edgepath group of an input complex and locality-preserving tasks. This correspondence enables to demonstrate the existence of hierarchies of locality-preserving tasks, each one containing, at the top, the universal task (induced by the universal covering complex), and, at the bottom, the trivial identity task. 相似文献
248.
Pierre Loslever 《控制论与系统》2013,44(7):633-652
This article explains the main role that space windowing plays in preliminary knowledge extraction from multifactor and multivariate databases coming from complex system empirical studies. The explanation is based on the general case of a database with a hyperparallelepipedic structure in which the directions correspond to the factors and where the measurement variables may be quantitative or qualitative, temporal or nontemporal, and objective or subjective. First, the data in each cell of the hyperparallelepiped is transformed into membership values that can be averaged over factors, such as time or individual. Then, several graphic techniques can be exploited to investigate membership values. This article mainly focuses on the use of multiple correspondence analysis (MCA). A didactic example with several factors and several kinds of variables—nontemporal vs. temporal where each one may be either quantitative or qualitative—is used to illustrate the widespread use of the pair “space windowing/MCA.” The discussion presents the advantages and disadvantages of using space windowing to perform a preliminary analysis of a multifactor multivariate system study. 相似文献
249.
Nathalie Perrier Bruno Agard Pierre Baptiste Jean-Marc Frayret André Langevin Robert Pellerin Diane Riopel Martin Trépanier 《Computers & Operations Research》2013
Emergency response operations in electric distribution systems involve a host of decision-making problems at the reliability and contingency planning levels. Those operations include fault diagnosis, fault location, fault isolation, restoration, and repair. As the first of a two-part survey, this paper reviews optimization models and solution methodologies for reliability planning problems with fault considerations related to electric distribution operations. Contingency planning problems of emergency distribution response are discussed in the second part. The present paper surveys research on determining a distribution substation single-fault capacity, reallocating excess load, configuring distribution systems, partitioning a geographical area into service territories, and locating material stores and depots. 相似文献
250.
Audrey Delévacq Pierre Delisle Marc Gravel Michaël Krajecki 《Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing》2013
The purpose of this paper is to propose effective parallelization strategies for the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) metaheuristic on Graphics Processing Units (GPUs). The Max–Min Ant System (MMAS) algorithm augmented with 3-opt local search is used as a framework for the implementation of the parallel ants and multiple ant colonies general parallelization approaches. The four resulting GPU algorithms are extensively evaluated and compared on both speedup and solution quality on a state-of-the-art Fermi GPU architecture. A rigorous effort is made to keep parallel algorithms true to the original MMAS applied to the Traveling Salesman Problem. We report speedups of up to 23.60 with solution quality similar to the original sequential implementation. With the intent of providing a parallelization framework for ACO on GPUs, a comparative experimental study highlights the performance impact of ACO parameters, GPU technical configuration, memory structures and parallelization granularity. 相似文献