Preferential CO oxidation over Pt–SnO2/Al2O3 in hydrogen rich streams containing CO2 and H2O (CO removal from H2 with PROX)

The effects of reaction gases including CO₂ and H₂O and temperature on the selective low-temperature oxidation of CO were studied in hydrogen rich streams using a flow micro-reactor packed with a Pt–SnO₂/Al₂O₃ sol–gel catalyst that was initially designed and optimized for operation in the absence of CO₂ and H₂O. 100% CO conversion was achieved over the 1 wt% Pt–3 wt% SnO₂/Al₂O₃ catalyst at 110 °C using a feed composition of 1.0% CO, 1.5% O₂, 25% CO₂, 10% H₂O, 58% H₂ and He as balance at a space velocity of 24,000 cm³/(g h). CO₂ in the feed was found to decrease CO conversion significantly while the presence of H₂O in the feed increased CO conversion, balancing the effect of CO₂.     

Are global warming and economic growth compatible? Evidence from five OPEC countries?

In this paper, we investigate the relationship between carbon emissions, income, energy and total employment in selected OPEC countries for the period of 1971–2002. We mainly focus on the link between energy use and income. Employing the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach, we find that there is a cointegrating relationship between the variables in Saudi Arabia only. The long run forcing variables for income are determined to be employment and energy for Saudi Arabia. In Indonesia, Algeria, Nigeria, and Venezuela, there is no cointegration between income and energy. Secondly we question the long run Granger causality between carbon emissions, energy use, and income. Our results suggest that none of the countries need to sacrifice economic growth to decrease their emission levels. Indonesia and Nigeria may contribute to emissions reduction via energy conservation without negative long run effects on economic growth.     

Dense, Shaped Ceramic/Metal Composites at lessthan equal to1000°C by the Displacive Compensation of Porosity (DCP) Method

The Displacive Compensation of Porosity method for fabricating dense, shaped ceramic/metal composites at modest temperatures is demonstrated. In this process, liquid-metal/solid-ceramic displacement reactions are used to generate more ceramic (by volume) than is consumed, so that pores within a ceramic preform can be filled with the new ceramic phase (i.e., densification without sintering). Dense, lightweight MgO/Mg-Al composites (74–86 vol% oxide) and higher-melting, co-continuous MgAl₂O₄/Fe-Ni-Al-bearing composites (42–59 vol% oxide) have been produced via the pressureless infiltration and reaction of magnesium-bearing liquids with porous preforms of Al₂O₃ and NiAl₂O₄+Fe, respectively, at temperatures of 900°−1000°C. The composites are relatively tough and retain the shapes and dimensions (to within a few percent) of the starting preforms.     

A new approach for physical human activity recognition based on co-occurrence matrices

The Journal of Supercomputing - In recent years, it has been observed that many researchers have been working on different areas of detection, recognition and monitoring of human activities. The...     

Adsorption of Cu(II) onto silica gel-immobilized Schiff base derivative

4-chloroisonitroacetophenone 4-aminobenzylhydrazone (CAAH) chemically anchored on a silica gel surface, has been used for Cu(II) sorption from aqueous solution. The surface modification processes was performed after silanization of silica, then analyzed by elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetry. The sorption behavior of copper(II) was evaluated by the use of batch and column methods. The influences of the concentration, temperature and pH for sorption on the immobilized silica gel with Schiff base were investigated. The obtained dynamic data were fitted to Freundlich, Langmuir and Dubinin-Raduskevich (D-R) isotherms. The mean sorption energy (E) of copper sorption onto silica gel was calculated from D-R isotherm indicating a chemical ion-exchange. The thermodynamic parameters such as Gibbs free energy change, enthalpy change and entropy change were calculated from the adsorption isotherms which were used to explain the mechanism of the adsorption.     

A simulated annealing algorithm to find approximate Pareto optimal solutions for the multi-objective facility layout problem

In this article, we consider the facility layout problem which combines the objective of minimization of the total material handling cost and the maximization of total closeness rating scores. Multi-objective optimization is the way to consider the two objectives at the same time. A simulated annealing (SA) algorithm is proposed to find the non-dominated solution (Pareto optimal) set approximately for the multi-objective facility layout problem we tackle. The Pareto optimal sets generated by the proposed algorithm was compared with the solutions of the previous algorithms for multi-objective facility layout problem. The results showed that the approximate Pareto optimal sets we have found include almost all the previously obtained results and many more approximate Pareto optimal solutions.     

Using azomethine-H method determination of boron contents of various foods consumed in Hatay Region in Turkey

In this study, samples of soil and plant (32 species of vegetable and 17 species of fruit) were collected from six different regions of Hatay (Amik Plant, Reyhanl?, K?r?khan, Samanda?, Dörtyol and ?skenderun). The azomethine-H method was used to determine boron content of samples. Furthermore, the correlation among boron content of soil with boron content of plants was investigated. The boron concentrations in the soil samples, were determined between 32.43 (±2.90) and 93.43 (±2.75) ppm. High concentrations of boron were found in thyme (10.44 ± 0.17), mint (6.96 ± 0.15), red cabbage (6.45 ± 0.15), broad-bean (6.28 ± 0.14), quince (5.41 ± 0.11), pomegranate (5.27 ± 0.13) and orange (4.08 ± 0.10). Minimal concentration of boron were found in pumpkin (0.76 ± 0.01), white radish (0.97 ± 0.01), plum (1.16 ± 0.02) and cucumber (1.17 ± 0.01). Most of the foods had boron concentrations in the range of 1.48–3.60 ppm.     

Gilbert Damping Constant of Quaternary Co2MnAl1?x Sn x Heusler Alloy Thin Films

Polycrystalline quaternary Co₂MnAl_1?x Sn _x films with x=0.25, 0.5, 0.75,?1 were prepared at room temperature using magnetron sputtering technique on SiO₂ substrates and post-annealed at various temperatures. We investigated the crystal structures, magnetic properties, and magnetic damping constants (??) of the prepared films. Out-of-plane angular dependences of the resonance field and the linewidth of the ferromagnetic resonance spectra were measured and analyzed using the Landau?CLifshitz?CGilbert equation to determine the magnetic properties and damping constant. Co₂MnAl_0.75Sn_0.25 and Co₂MnSn films had A2 ordered crystal structure while Co₂MnAl_0.25Sn_0.75 and Co₂MnAl_0.5Sn_0.5 films had A2 ordering up to 400?°C and 300?°C annealing temperature, respectively, and they had B2 ordering for the remaining temperatures. Also the crystal structure deteriorated at 600?°C for all of the film systems. The saturation magnetization, M _S , of films increased with annealing temperature till 400?°C except Co₂MnAl_0.5Sn_0.5 in which M _S increased till 500?°C, which is consistent with the structural analysis. The effective magnetization was obtained from the FMR spectra and it was found that it decreased with increasing Sn-concentration and reached a minimum value at Co₂MnAl_0.25Sn_0.75 composition. Lastly, Co₂MnAl_1?x Sn _x films annealed at 500?°C showed the best crystal ordering. The lowest ?? value was 0.008 and obtained from Co₂MnAl_0.5Sn_0.5 films annealed at 500?°C.     

The Ni-deposited carbon felt as substrate for preparation of Pt-modified electrocatalysts: Application for alkaline water electrolysis

A Ni-modified carbon felt (C) electrode (C/Ni) was used as a substrate for preparation of Pt-modified electrode in view of its possible application as electrocatalytic material for the hydrogen evolution activity. The prepared electrode was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques. The hydrogen evolution activity of the electrode was assessed by cathodic current–potential curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. It was found that the modification of Ni-deposited C by loading low amount of Pt could enhance the hydrogen evolution activity of the electrode.