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91.
92.
Richard J. Murray 《Information Systems Management》1991,8(3):7-15
In today's competitive world, many organizations are pursuing total quality improvement programs, and as a result of these initiatives, are seeking to define world class capabilities. The organizations with these aspirations are trying to improve product and service quality, business process quality, or delivered quality, and are becoming aware that information technology is playing a more substantial role in realizing these quality goals. 相似文献
93.
Overcoming contextual limitations on problem-solving transfer. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Five experiments investigated transfer from multiple analogs to a superficially dissimilar target problem. When subjects explicitly compared the analogs and then immediately attempted to solve the target problem in the context of a single experiment, transfer was obtained with significant frequency even without a hint that the analogs and target were related. Prehint transfer was sharply reduced or eliminated when the source analogs and the target were presented in different contexts, even when the transfer test was immediate. However, prehint transfer was enhanced, even after a context shift and a week-long delay between reading the source analogs and solving the problem, when the following conditions were met: The target problem was reworded slightly to emphasize a structural feature that it shared with the analogs; three rather than two source analogs were provided; and detailed, schema-oriented questions were used to help subjects focus on the problem-relevant aspects of the stories. Although spontaneous transfer between small numbers of dissimilar analogs is difficult to obtain, it can be achieved by manipulations that foster abstraction of a problem schema from the training examples. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
94.
Robert Comrie Stanley Affrossman David Hayward Richard A. Pethrick 《The Journal of Adhesion》2002,78(11):967-985
Broadband dielectric measurements (10 -2 to 3 GHz) are reported on the effects of exposure of thick film adhesive-bonded structures to moisture. Measurement of the dielectric properties over a broad frequency range allows identification of water both in voids and as a molecular dispersion in the matrix. Changes in the low frequency region of the dielectric spectrum can be attributed to a combination of processes associated with plasticisation of the adhesive, interfacial polarisation effects, and hydration of the surface oxide layer. The data obtained are complemented by mechanical testing and failure analysis of the bond structure measured as a function of the time of exposure. This study indicates that for thick film adhesives the ageing characteristics are apparently independent of the surface treatment. In one of the joints studied an additional feature is identified which appears to correlate with the premature aging of the joint structure. 相似文献
95.
Carl A. Soderstrom Patricia C. Dischinger Gordon S. Smith J.Richard Hebel David R. McDuff David A. Gorelick Timothy J. Kerns Shiu M. Ho Kathleen M. Read 《Accident; analysis and prevention》1997,29(6):715-721
A structured in-depth interview employing standardized criteria was used to determine the prevalence of lifetime and current alcohol dependence (alcoholism) in unselected consecutive patients admitted to a regional Level I trauma center. Of 629 patients, 157 (25.0%) were current alcoholics at the time of injury. An additional 87 (13.8%) were diagnosed as lifetime non-current alcoholics. There was no significant difference in the rates of current alcohol dependence among patients injured in vehicular crashes (23.5%), other unintentional trauma victims (29.3%), and those injured as a result of violence (24.6%). Of BAC + (blood alcohol concentration positive) patients, 54.5% were current alcoholics. However, 14.4% of alcohol-negative patients were also diagnosed as alcohol dependent. 相似文献
96.
Afam I Jideani Richard K Owusu Apenten H G Muller 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》1994,65(4):465-476
The effect of cooking on proteins from acha and durum wheat was assessed from an analysis of protein extractability, gel electrophoretic profiles, in-vitro protein digestibility (IVPD) and the amino acid compositions of wholemeal flour and residue proteins. Heating wholemeal flour samples at 100–140°C (t = 10–40 min) resulted in 0–30% and 45–55% decreases in acha and durum protein solubility, respectively. In general, high molecular weight (30–70 k Da) protein subunits were more susceptible to heat damage. For both cereals, sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS; 10 g litre?1) and/or dithiothrcitol (DTT; 10 mM ) increased protein solubility in unheated and heated samples. The IVPD index was 90–91% and was not significantly altered by cooking (100–120°C, t = 40 min). Cooking at extreme temperatures (140°C, t = 40 min) reduced the IVPD by 8% (P = 0.05). Osborne fractionation resulted in a durum or acha residue level of 7.8% or 55.2%. Treatment with solvent containing propanol, SDS and/or DTT at room temperature followed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of non-solubilised proteins showed that the glutelin fraction of acha, with the exception of a 65 kDa subunit, was insoluble owing to strong inter-subunit hydrophobic and disulphide interactions. Wholemeal acha flour and residue protein showed a significantly greater level of hydrophobic and sulphur amino acids as well as glutamine which is associated with H-bonding. The possibility that cereal protein solubility is also dependent on protein-carbohydrate links is discussed. 相似文献
97.
Sodowsky Gargi Roysircar; Taffe Richard C.; Gutkin Terry B.; Wise Steven L. 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1994,41(2):137
Presents the Multicultural Counseling Inventory (MCI), a self-report instrument that measures multicultural counseling competencies. Study 1 comprised 604 psychology students, psychologists, and counselors in a midwestern state. In Study 2, respondents were a national random sample of 320 university counselors. Instrument analysis included exploratory principal-axis factor analysis with oblique rotation, assessment of factor congruence between the factor structures of the 2 samples, LISREL confirmatory factor analysis to test the relative goodness of fit of 6 competing factor models of the MCI, and tests of internal consistency reliabilities. Results indicate that the MCI has 4 factors: Multicultural Counseling Skills, Multicultural Awareness, Multicultural Counseling Relationship, and Multicultural Counseling Knowledge. A higher order, more general multicultural counseling factor is also discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
98.
Assessed whether resting anterior asymmetry would discriminate individual differences in repressive-defensive coping styles. In 2 sessions, resting electroencephalogram was recorded from female adults during 8 60-sec baselines. Ss were classified as repressors or nonrepressors on the basis of scores on the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (MC), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). In midfrontal and lateral frontal sites, repressors demonstrated relative left hemisphere activation when compared with other groups. The MC, but not the STAI or the BDI, contributed unique variance to frontal asymmetry. Relative left frontal activation may be linked to a self-enhancing regulatory style that promotes lowered risk for psychopathology. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
99.
Purification and characterization of the alpha-agarase from Alteromonas agarlyticus (Cataldi) comb. nov., strain GJ1B 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The phenotypic features of strain GJ1B, an unidentified marine bacterium that degrades agar [Young, K. S. Bhattacharjee, S. S. & Yaphe, W. (1978) Carbohydr. Res. 66, 207-212], were investigated and its agarolytic system was characterized using 13C-NMR spectroscopy to analyse the agarose degradation products. The bacterium was assigned to the genus Alteromonas and the new combination A. agarlyticus (Cataldi) is proposed. An alpha-agarase, i.e. specific for the alpha(1-->3) linkages present in agarose, was purified to homogeneity from the culture supernatant by affinity chromatography on cross-linked agarose (Sepharose CL-6B) and by anion-exchange chromatography (Mono Q column). The major end product of agarose hydrolysis using the purified enzyme was agarotetraose. Using SDS/PAGE, the purified alpha-agarase was detected as a single band with a molecular mass of 180 kDa. After the affinity-chromatography step, however, the native molecular mass was approximately 360 kDa, suggesting that the native enzyme is a dimer which is dissociated to active subunits by anion-exchange chromatography. The isolectric point was estimated to be 5.3. Enzyme activity was observed using agar as the substrate over the pH range 6.0-9.0 with a maximum value at pH 7.2 in Mops or Tris buffer. The enzyme was inactivated by prolonged treatment at a pH below 6.5, or by temperatures over 45 degrees C or by removing calcium. In addition, a beta-galactosidase specific for the end products of the alpha-agarase was present in the alpha-agarase affinity-chromatography fraction, probably as part of a complex with this enzyme. The degradation of agarose by this agarase complex yielded a mixture of oligosaccharides in the agarotetraose series and the agarotriose series, the latter consisting of oligosaccharides with an odd number of galactose residues. 相似文献
100.
Lalumiére Martin L.; Quinsey Vernon L.; Beninger Richard D.; Barsetti Ian; Earls Christopher M. 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1993,34(4):461
Discusses controversies surrounding the work of B. F. Skinner's influence on various theories of human and animal behavior. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献