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71.
K. Wakita I. Kotaka O. Mitomi H. Asai Y. Kawamura 《Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE》1991,3(2):138-140
Modulated light spectra were measured in long-wavelength InGaAs-InAlAs multiple-quantum-well intensity modulators under 30-GHz large-signal modulations. The linewidth broadening factor alpha is determined from the relation between the intensity modulation index and the sideband strength relative to the carrier. The minimum alpha value is estimated to be 0.70 at 1.54 mu m, which is almost the same as the lowest value so far reported in a bulk Franz-Keldysh modulator. This is significantly lower than what is obtained from direct-intensity modulation of injection lasers, making this a useful device for application to high-bit-rate long-haul optical communication systems.<> 相似文献
72.
Mechanical properties of amorphous alloy compacts prepared by different consolidation techniques 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
M. Takagi Y. Kawamura T. Imura J. Nishigaki H. Saka 《Journal of Materials Science》1992,27(3):817-824
Amorphous alloy compacts of Fe78B13Si9 prepared by three different techniques (explosive consolidation, high hydrostatic pressure consolidation and warm extrusion) were deformed in compression between 573 and 723 K at a strain rate ranging from 8.3×10–5–4.2×10–4s–1. Explosively consolidated compacts had high strength ranging from 1.9–2.5 GPa below 623 K and could be plastically deformed to a strain of more than 50% at 673 K while preserving the amorphous state. Amorphous alloy compacts prepared by high hydrostatic pressure consolidation showed lower compressive strength. Those produced by warm extrusion were anisotropic in strength, the highest strength being as high as 2.74 GPa. It was also found that the geometry of the starting powders had a profound effect on the strength of the product compacts. Compacts prepared from flaky powders were stronger than those prepared from spherical ones. It is concluded that the mechanical properties of the amorphous alloy compacts depend on the consolidation technique, powder geometry and surface conditions of the powders, especially existence of oxide films. 相似文献
73.
Takaya Kawamura 《电信纪事》2007,62(7-8):734-752
This article explores some imperatives of Knowledge Management for organizational knowledge creation in the era of globalization. As the transformation of Knowledge Management practices of Japanese firms in 1990s shows, Nonaka and TakeuchVs original model of organizational knowledge creation needs to be expanded by incorporating the concept of “community of practice” as the “engine” of knowledge creation. As an attempt for such expansion, it proposes a model of knowledge-creating organization as a self-organizing network of interactive, overlapping, and self-managing communities of practice. This article also explores some organizational conditions and managerial implications to prevent “malfunction” of communities of practice in the threats of globalization and to facilitate their dynamic evolution. Knowledge-creating organizations and their managers need to give due recognition to and support for “differences” that exist not only among diverse communities of practices but also within each communities. At a micro level approach, they need to “empower” community members by encouraging “ story-telling” or “narrative” of members’ lives in the communities and by assuring “transparency” of activities and resources to the members. As a macro level approach, they need to develop a “communitarian” organizational structure that fits to organizational knowledge creation in “multiculturalization” of societies. 相似文献
74.
The first measurements of large anisotropic modulation of long-wavelength light with a large on/off ratio and low driving voltage propagating along the plane of InGaAs/InAlAs multiple quantum well (MQW) structures grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) are reported. Photocurrent response and optical modulation of waveguide pin diodes is measured for incident light polarization parallel and perpendicular to the MQW layers emitting from a color center laser. The incident-light power and wavelength dependence of on/off ratio are also determined. 相似文献
75.
M. Mutsuga Y. Kawamura Y. Sugita-Konishi Y. Hara-Kudo K. Takatori K. Tanamoto 《Food Additives & Contaminants》2006,23(2):212-218
The levels of formaldehyde (FA) and acetaldehyde (AA) in polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles and in commercial mineral water are reported. All the water samples bottled in Japan contained detectable levels of FA (10.1-27.9 μg l-1) and AA (44.3-107.8 μg l-1). Of 11 European bottled water samples, eight did not contain either FA or AA, while the remaining three had detectable levels of FA (7.4-13.7 μg l-1) and AA (35.9-46.9 μg l-1). In three North American bottled water samples, two contained FA (13.6 and 19.5 μg l-1) and AA (41.4 and 44.8 μg l-1), and one did not. Regardless of the region of origin, all the sterilized water samples contained FA and AA, whilst in contrast, none of the unsterilized water without carbonate contained FA or AA. Of the carbonated water samples, three contained FA and AA, and one did not. When fortified with FA and AA, the commercial water sample without otherwise detectable FA and AA was able to reduce levels, although the commercial water sample containing FA and AA could not. The presence of bacteria in the commercial water samples was investigated using an ATP-based bioluminescent assay and heterotrophic plate count method. The commercial water without FA and AA contained heterotrophic bacteria, whilst the commercial water with FA and AA did not contain detectable bacteria. It is suggested that in this case both FA and AA migrated from PET materials, but were subsequently decomposed by the heterotrophic bacteria in the unsterilized water. 相似文献
76.
Robert J. Naumann Glen Haulenbeek Hiroshi Kawamura Keisuke Matsunaga 《Microgravity science and technology》2001,13(2):22-32
An instrumented flow cell in the form of a cylinder with differentially heated end walls and adiabatic sidewalls was flown
on STS-95 as the Japan-US Thermal Science Accelerometer Project (JUSTSAP). The purpose of the experiment was to map disturbances
in the thermal field during the course of a Shuttle mission in order to correlated them with various mission events and to
determine if any global transport could be detected from second order, non-zero time average flows resulting from periodic
accelerations (g-jitter).
Significant disturbances in the thermal field were noted each time the Shuttle changed attitude, such as the maneuver to -Z
solar inertial, which is done periodically for thermal conditioning. Burns from the main thrusters associated with the launch
and retrieval of the Spartan satellite produced overturning flows, as might be expected. During extended periods in which
the attitude was held constant, the perturbations to the thermal field correlate extremely well with calculated accelerations
from gravity gradient and drag. Fair agreement was found between the observed temperature perturbations and those predicted
from a modification of the analytical model developed by Bejan and Tien (B&T) for the flow and heat transfer in an infinite
cylinder with a constant axial thermal gradient. A full three-dimensional computational fluid dynamic analysis with more realistic
thermal boundary conditions provided better agreement after adjustments were made to account for the heat flow away from the
measuring thermistors.
Once calibrated with a reliable thermal model, the flow cell was found to serve as a high-precision accelerometer, capable
of measuring the quasi-steady acceleration with a sensitivity of better than 0.1 micro-g in the presence of the higher amplitude
g-jitter typical of Shuttle operations. Further, it was found that the gravity gradient acceleration accounted for virtually
all of the observed quasi-steady accelerations during such extended periods. The thermal response time of the JUSTSAP was
too slow to expect to see the effects of fluctuating first order flows resulting from the vibrational environment of the Shuttle.
However, an indication of a change in the thermal field near the ends of the flow cell was seen during periods of crew exercise
that may possibly be attributed to circulating eddies resulting from the higher order terms in the momentum equation. At higher
amplitudes, these second order effects can produce non-zero time average flows of a global nature, as can the start-up transients
in first-order periodic flows. No such effects were observed, thus it is possible to place an upper limit on the integrated
power spectral density of the vibrational environment experienced as well as the nature of the start-up transients of the
periodic flows. 相似文献
77.
Takeshi Kawamura 《Combustion and Flame》1974,22(3):283-288
For a fuel jet flame stabilized by a two-dimensional, backward-facing step exposed to a subsonic air stream, an experimental study was made of the dependence of the ignition front of the flame on various physical quantities, such as the width of the fuel nozzle, the height of the step, the boundary-layer thickness of the air stream at the step, and the velocity of fuel ejection of the outer air stream. Propane was ejected parallel to the air stream from the nozzle placed at the top of the step. It is shown that when the boundary layer of the air stream is laminar, the distance from the nozzle to the ignition front, xt, is given by the equation, where bn is the width of the fuel nozzle, Uf the fuel ejection velocity at the nozzle, Ua the outer stream velocity of the air, δ* the displacement thickness of the boundary layer of the air stream at the step, and α a dimensionless experimental constant. The location of the flame front does not depend on the height of the step. Further, the length of the recirculation zone formed downstream of the step and the burning limits of the flame were measured. 相似文献
78.
Mizue Kuriyagawa Takanobu Kawamura Shunichi Hayashi Koh-hei Nitta 《Journal of Materials Science》2011,46(5):1264-1271
The mechanical yielding behavior of the shape memory polyurethane (SMP) and its composite samples were investigated to verify
the effect of addition of hindered phenol. The composite samples were prepared using SMP as matrix and hindered phenol (AO-80)
as filler, and then tensile tests were carried out at a range of temperatures and with different fixed crosshead speeds. According
to the tensile data at 25 °C, the yield stress was increased by adding AO-80. In terms of the Eyring theory, the activation
volume of deformation units decreased with increase of the amount of AO-80 added. This is because the packing of the hard
segments is enhanced by addition of AO-80. Consequently, it was suggested that the yield process is caused by the rotation
of hard segment domains within the deformed plastic domains composed of glassy soft segments. 相似文献
79.
Ishikawa S Naetoko E Kawamura S Yamaguchi R Higuchi M Kojima T Yamato Y Takahashi M 《Shokuhin eiseigaku zasshi. Journal of the Food Hygienic Society of Japan》2004,45(2):87-94
We investigated 160 kinds of pesticide residues in 715 samples of 116 kinds of foods distributed in Kitakyushu city. Sixty kinds of pesticides were detected in 55 kinds of foods (204 samples) in the range of 0.002-22 mg/kg. Five kinds of pesticides in 7 samples violated the residue standards and the indication of "unused". The detection ratios of unregulated pesticide in domestic and imported foods were 27.8 and 33.0%, respectively. Iprodione, dicofol, diethofencarb, procymidone and chlorfenapyr (for domestic food) and total bromine, benomyl, chlorpyrifos, dicofol, fenvalerate, cypermethrin and dimethoate (for imported food) showed relatively high detection ratios. Chinese cabbage, garland chrysanthemum, tomatoes and green teas (domestic) and broccoli, bananas, grapefruit, lemons, oranges, frozen edamame and frozen kidney beans (imported) showed high relative pesticide detection ratios. Residual pesticides were detected with relatively high frequency in imported fruits, imported frozen foods and imported processed foods. 相似文献
80.
Riku Kawasaki Kosuke Kondo Risako Miura Keita Yamana Hinata Isozaki Risako Shimada Shogo Kawamura Hidetoshi Hirano Tomoki Nishimura Naoki Tarutani Kiyofumi Katagiri Alexandra Stubelius Shin-ichi Sawada Yoshihiro Sasaki Kazunari Akiyoshi Atsushi Ikeda 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(9)
Developing photoactivatable theranostic platforms with integrated functionalities of biocompatibility, targeting, imaging contrast, and therapy is a promising approach for cancer diagnosis and therapy. Here, we report a theranostic agent based on a hybrid nanoparticle comprising fullerene nanocrystals and gold nanoparticles (FGNPs) for photoacoustic imaging and photothermal therapy. Compared to gold nanoparticles and fullerene crystals, FGNPs exhibited stronger photoacoustic signals and photothermal heating characteristics by irradiating light with an optimal wavelength. Our studies demonstrated that FGNPs could kill cancer cells due to their photothermal heating characteristics in vitro. Moreover, FGNPs that are accumulated in tumor tissue via the enhanced permeation and retention effect can visualize tumor tissue due to their photoacoustic signal in tumor xenograft model mice. The theranostic agent with FGNPs shows promise for cancer therapy. 相似文献