公共娱乐场所消防安全现状及对策

从消防安全管理的角度,论述了公共娱乐场所消防安全存在的主要问题和如何进一步加强公共娱乐场所的消防安全工作     

Drying with Chemical Reaction in Cocoa Beans

Desirable flavor qualities of cocoa are dependent on how the cocoa beans are fermented, dried, and roasted. During fermentation and drying, polyphenols such as leucocyanidin and apecatechin are oxidized by polyphenols oxidase to form o-quinone, which later react nonenzymatically with a hydroquinone in a condensation reaction to form browning products and moisture. The objective of this article is to model the cocoa beans drying together with the browning reaction. A Luikov drying model for the moisture and a simple Fick's law diffusion model combined with first-order reactions for both the enzymatic oxidation and nonenzymatic condensation reactions were constructed. Both models were used to identify moisture diffusivity coefficient and total polyphenols diffusivity in cocoa beans from experimental drying and polyphenols degradation data and published kinetic data of the reactions. The theoretical drying model fitted the experimental cocoa bean drying curves with low mean square of residuals. The polyphenols diffusion and reaction model also fitted the experimental polyphenols degradation curves with minimum mean residual squares. The rate of polyphenols degradation in the cocoa beans increases at higher temperature and higher relative humidity. This is because the increasing reaction rate of polyphenols oxidation reaction as well as higher moisture diffusion at higher relative humidity and temperature. The effective moisture diffusivity in cocoa beans is estimated to be between 8.194 × 10^-9 and 8.542 × 10^-9 m²·s^-1, which is of the same order of magnitude as published data. The effective total polyphenols diffusivity is estimated to be between 8.333 × 10^-12 to 1.000 × 10^-11 m²·s^-1 with minimum mean residual squares. It is three orders of magnitude less than the estimated moisture diffusivity because of the larger polyphenols molecules. The estimated polyphenols diffusivity is very close to those published in the literature for sorption and ultrafiltration processes.     

Synthesis and comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) of antitumor 3-arylisoquinoline derivatives

In this study a series of 3-arylisoquinoline derivatives were synthesized and cytotoxicity against human melanoma tumor cell evaluated, and a three dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship was investigated using the comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA). The results suggested that the electrostatic, steric and hydrophobic factors of 3-arylisoquinolines were strongly correlated with the antitumor activity. Considerable predictive ability (cross-validated r2 as high as 0.721) was obtained through CoMFA.     

Fracture mechanics of a shaft-loaded blister of thin flexible membrane on rigid substrate

A shaft-loaded blister test has been developed to measure the interfacial energy W of a thin flexible polymeric film adhered to a rigid substrate. A theoretical analysis is given of an axisymmetric debond (blister) in terms of an external applied load P, tensile stretching modulus E and thickness h of the adhering layer. The fracture mechanics model presented considers both elastic and elastoplastic deformations in the thin film. The intrinsic stable interface debonding process provides an attractive alternative to the conventional adhesion measurement techniques.     

A new look at software piracy: Soft lifting primes an inauthentic sense of self,prompting further unethical behavior

Soft lifting refers to the process whereby a legally licensed software program is installed or copied in violation of its licensing agreement. Previous research on this pervasive kind of unethical computer use has mainly focused on the determinants of this unethical act, which are rooted in personal, economic, technological, cultural, socio-political, or legal domains. However, little is known about the symbolic power that soft lifting has on the sense of self. Based on recent advances in behavioral priming, we hypothesized that soft lifting can influence the signals one sends to oneself; more specifically, soft lifting may prime individuals to experience an inauthentic sense of self, which, in turn, prompts further unethical behavior. In Study 1, we showed that participants, primed with the memory of a recent soft lifting experience, cheated more than participants recalling a recent experience of purchasing authentic software or than control participants. Moreover, feelings of inauthenticity mediated the priming effect of soft lifting on dishonest behavior. In Study 2, participants primed with soft lifting showed a greater willingness to purchase a wide range of counterfeit products over authentic products. Besides those antecedents or correlates of soft lifting already identified in the literature, educators should pay more attention to the negative impact of soft lifting on the self-images of users, which may go beyond computer-related behaviors. Priming may provide a new direction for HCI researchers to examine the impact of computer-use-related factors on users' perceptions, motivations, and behaviors.     

Effect of nitrogen and nickel on the stability of an Fe-12Cr-23Mn austenitic steel

The effect of nitrogen and nickel on the austenite stability and the structural changes as a result of cold work of an Fe-12Cr-23Mn alloy steel has been examined by transmission electron microscopy and X-ray analysis. Prestrain was performed either at room temperature or at 200° C. Final strain was carried out at liquid nitrogen temperature. The volume fraction of strain-induced martensite decreased by 40% and 12% due to the addition of 2.43% Ni and 0.11% N, respectively, despite whether prestrain was performed or not. The mechanisms are discussed in terms of the phase, stacking faults, dislocation cells and dislocation tangles induced by prestrain and final strain.     

含多端口能量路由器的多能互补系统故障保护功能测试研究

针对某区域用电负荷存在严重的季节性过载现象,以及可再生能源存在功率波动大、稳定性较差的问题,研制了多能(含水电、光伏、储能)、多端口的能量路由器装置及其能量管理系统.综合考虑当地多场景运行,解决了季节性过载问题,实现了能量的合理配置与利用.首先,对比分析选定能量路由器各端口变换器的拓扑结构;然后,对多场景下的工作模式进行介绍;最后,对含能量路由器的多能互补系统进行故障保护功能测试.测试结果表明,该系统具有较好的故障保护功能,有效实现了不同场景下的工作模式切换,直流母线电压稳定以及上层功率指令跟踪等功能,解决了当地用电负荷季节性过载和可再生能源功率波动较大的问题.     

多孔β-TCP陶瓷药物载体的制备与体外释药速率的研究

本文用注浆成形的方法制备了以β-TCP为主晶相的多孔药物载体，体外测定了利福平的释药速率。实验结果表明，利福平在模拟体液中能够达到稳定的释放，可以作为骨结核手术后的辅助治疗。多孔β-TCP药物载体有望成为一种理想的药物缓释载体。     

多孔塑料管材挤出工艺和机头模具

扼要介绍了多孔塑料管材的用途、性能、制造方法、配方、生产工艺和机头模具的设计     

Surface morphology and nodule formation mechanism of cellulose acetate membranes by atomic force microscopy

By the use of atomic force microscopy (AFM), formation mechanism of nodular structure in cellulose acetate membranes was systematically investigated. Elementary factors affecting the nodule formation were delineated on the basis of both kinetic and thermodynamic considerations. It was shown that (1) the exact nature of nodular structure is thermodynamic equilibrium glassy state; nodular structure will vanish in the rubbery state; (2) the thermodynamic factor affecting nodule formation is the membrane formation temperature; with the membrane formation temperature decreasing, more chain segments are able to form nodular structures; (3) nodule formation is dependent on the segment rearrangement; variation of the solvent environment is the major kinetic factor affecting the segment rearrangement and nodule formation. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 1328–1335, 2003