Large-scale fabrication of bioinspired fibers for directional water collection

Spider-silk inspired functional fibers with periodic spindle-knots and the ability to collect water in a directional manner are fabricated on a large scale using a fluid coating method. The fabrication process is investigated in detail, considering factors like the fiber-drawing velocity, solution viscosity, and surface tension. These bioinspired fibers are inexpensive and durable, which makes it possible to collect water from fog in a similar manner to a spider's web.     

30.4 nm Si/C多层膜反射镜的制备与测量

采用离子束溅射镀膜装置制备了一种新的材料组合Si/C多层膜 ,用于 30 4nm波段的正入射多层膜反射镜。并用软X射线反射率计测得其反射比最大值为 0 14。有效地抑制了 15 0nm处的二级衍射峰。     

江南园林文化因子提取及设计应用研究

目的构建江南园林文化因子的提取模型,科学而理性地挖掘与提炼具有识别性的设计元素,结合实践以验证方法的可行性和可靠性。方法建立江南园林文化因子提取及应用研究框架,采用定性和定量相结合的方法提取花窗、洞门、色彩、意蕴4个设计因子,计算各因子的重要性并将研究成果应用于产品设计。结论使用科学的因子提取方法能够提取特征鲜明的江南园林文化设计因子,提升产品的文化内涵,以系统、科学、合理的方法指导创意产品设计实践。     

Effect of particle size distribution on green properties during high velocity compaction

Iron powders with two different particle size distributions were compacted by high velocity compaction. The influences of particle size distribution and impact velocity on green properties, including green density, springback, tensile strength and bending strength etc., were studied with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a computer controlled universal testing machine. The results show that the particle size distribution and the impact velocity strongly affect its properties. Wider size distribution results in green compact with higher density and better strength. Furthermore, springback of compacts is lower produced by the powder with wider size distribution, especially for radial springback. As impact velocity increases, its green density and green strength gradually increases, but the increasing rate of density decreases gradually. No special relation is found between springback and impact velocity. In addition, the axial springback and the bending strength are higher than the radial springback and the tensile strength, respectively.     

定向凝固Ni3Al基高温合金IC10的760℃蠕变机理

研究了定向凝固高温合金IC10在760℃/750MPa条件下的恒载拉伸蠕变机理.结果表明:在760℃/750MPa条件下蠕变时,IC10合金组织稳定,TEM位错形貌中有反向畴和层错,位错切过γ′是合金的主要蠕变机制.蠕变裂纹均产生于γ基体和碳化物界面上,并沿着垂直于应力轴方向在基体中扩展.     

Reliability Modeling for Ultrathin Gate Oxides Subject to Logistic Degradation Processes with Random Onset Time

With device dimension downscaling, the oxide thickness reduction less than 3 nm in a metal–oxide–semiconductor structure has led to important changes in degradation mechanisms and failure modes. After the first breakdown event of ultrathin gate oxides, the leakage current presents a less dramatic and noisy continuous breakdown mode called progressive breakdown. In this article, we characterize the overall breakdown process of ultrathin gate oxides as a randomized logistic degradation process with a random onset time. The explicit result of the lifetime distribution is derived on the basis of this logistic degradation model. A numerical example is provided to calculate the lifetime distribution. The simulated lifetime data of our model fits lognormal distribution better than the Weibull distribution, which agrees with the experimental work in literature. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Modulating lateral strain in GaN-based epitaxial layers by patterning sapphire substrates with aligned carbon nanotube films

A novel carbon nanotube-patterned sapphire substrate (CPSS) has been utilized for the growth of GaN material and fabrication of a InGaN/GaN light emitting diode (LED) by metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy. Different lateral strain distributions and stress reductions were observed in a GaN thin film on CPSS compared with those on a conventional sapphire substrate. Nanoheteroepitaxy induced by small size nucleation islands of about 50 nm is ascribed to this significant strain modulation. The crystalline quality of the GaN thin film was also improved, as illustrated by X-ray diffraction. Performances of 1 mm × 1 mm LEDs on CPSS were also enhanced, with an operational power increase of 37.5% and higher saturation current.      

油基岩屑残渣自悬浮支撑剂的制备及性能评价

目的为了安全有效地处置和利用页岩气开采过程中产生的油基岩屑残渣,采用其烧结陶粒支撑剂,同时,为提高支撑剂在清水中的悬浮性能、改善支撑剂在裂缝中的分布、简化压裂施工工艺、提高压裂增产效果,进行了自悬浮支撑剂的制备与研究。 方法通过聚合反应将聚丙烯胺树脂包覆在支撑剂表面,制得膨胀型自悬浮支撑剂,研究了交联剂用量、单体量、合成温度对自悬浮支撑剂膨胀性能的影响。 结果覆膜材料配比(质量比)为:m(陶粒)∶m(丙烯酰胺)∶m(N,N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺)∶m(过硫酸铵)∶m(N,N,N′,N′-四甲基乙二胺)=10.000∶2.000∶0.002∶0.020∶0.031时,自悬浮支撑剂性能最佳,其膨胀倍数为4.3,沉降速度为45 mm/s。 结论覆膜支撑剂自悬浮功能的实现主要与聚丙烯酰胺树脂的溶胀有关,树脂的体积膨胀和聚丙烯酰胺分子链向外延伸引起溶液黏度的增加,提升了支撑剂在溶液中的沉降阻力。该研究对拓宽油基岩屑烧结支撑剂的应用范围、提高油基岩屑残渣资源化利用产品附加值有十分重要的意义。      

多室内环流反应器中液体循环量的试验验证与模拟

目的 对液相氧化脱硫多室内环流反应器液体循环量的影响因素进行模拟和验证。方法 采用CFD数值模拟,基于欧拉-欧拉多相流模型,对液相氧化脱硫多室内环流反应器进行气液两相流模拟,考查了酸气流量和空气流量对液体循环量的影响。结果 利用数值模拟得到的液体循环量与利用靶式流量计测得的液体循环量误差小于10%。当酸气中H₂S体积分数不超过3%时,液体循环量(z)与酸气流量(x)、空气流量(y)之间的关系式为：z=-474.996+0.358x+0.487 3y。结论 欧拉-欧拉两相流模型能够准确地预测液相氧化脱硫反应器内液体循环量。     

Equations for Thermal Conductivity of Natural Refrigerants

Experimental results for the thermal conductivity of ammonia, propane, butane, isobutane, and propylene are reviewed, with special attention given to the liquid phase. New equations for the thermal conductivity of these five substances applicable for practical use over wide ranges of temperature and pressure including the critical region are proposed based on the experimental data. The present equations as well as the existing equations are compared with the experimental data. Compared with existing equations for ammonia, isobutane, and propylene, which are not reliable in the liquid phase, the behavior of the thermal conductivity for these substances is much improved using the present equations.