可持续发展与环境保护对策

可持续发展战略已被纳入我国“九五”计划和２０１０年的中长期国民经济和社会发展计划，而保护环境是可持续发展战略最主要的前提和保障。本文介绍了世界环境问题出现的历史、可持续发展的提出及内涵，概述了发展与环境的辩证关系，结合我国可持续发展面临的严峻环境保护形势，提出环境保护的对策。     

The electronic structure and grain boundary segregation by boron addition

The electronic structure and grain boundary segregation caused by boron addition to Ni₃Al have been studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Auger electron spectroscopy, respectively. The obtained results show that the Ni2p_3/2 electron binding energy rises gradually in the sequence of pure Ni<Ni₇₆Al₂₄<Ni₇₄Al₂₆<Ni₇₅Al₂₅, while it reduces monotonously with an increase in boron addition to Ni₃Al. Besides, it is found that the grain boundary segregation of boron occurring in Ni₃Al is a combined equilibrium and non-equilibrium type in nature. Based on the concept of the bonding environmental inhomogeneity, measured by the shift in Ni2p_3/2 electron binding energy from the nickel atoms in the simple substance nickel to those in the intermetallic compound Ni₃Al (ΔE _B), being responsible for the brittle behavior of the alloy, a binding energy shifting criterion for the brittle-ductile fracture transition in Ni₃Al is presented; when ΔE _B>0, the brittle failure occurs in Ni₃Al; when δE _B<0, the ductile one appears. Combined with the above experimental rules, the criterion predicts that pure Ni₃Al is brittle, and there exist the stoichiometric effect and concentration effect in the ductilization process for Ni₃Al by boron addition. Hence the criterion can be taken as a theoretical guide to alloy design in developing ductile intermetallics. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.     

葫芦岛蒙脱土的特征与催化活性

研究了葫芦岛蒙脱土的某些特征与催化活性。该蒙脱石的离子交换能力与层间距分别是７５ｍｅｑ／１００ｇ和１．５２９ｎｍ，对偏三甲苯的歧化、异构化以及偏四甲苯的脱甲基、异构化都具有催化活性。这些数据表明葫芦岛蒙脱土是一种有用的催化材料。     

海水铝-空气燃料电池

叙述了海水－铝空气燃料电池的特性及影响电池功率输出的主要因素，如海水的电导、盐度、温度、铝材料的选择等。试验结果表明，电池工作时正负极之间的液相电阻比海水本身的电阻小得多，但是其液相电阻仍然偏大。海水盐度和温度的变化引起电极电势波动，盐度影响占１０％左右。高纯铝合金电极工作电势比工业铝合金电极的工作电势高２００ｍＶ以上。     

基于透明动态地址分配的Internet与Intranet互联的一种设想

文章提出了一种基于ＩＰ地址动态分配的解决方案。它可以使Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ与Ｉｎｔｒａｎｅｔ透明地交换数据而察觉不到它们之间的编址差异。最后用排队论对此系统进行了简要的数学分析。     

Knowledge-based system for railway scheduling

In this paper, we describe a Knowledge-Based railway scheduling system (called RSS) for Taiwan Railway Administration's (TRA) railway scheduling operations. In our approach, the scheduling process is divided into two levels: global scheduling and local scheduling. In global scheduling, an initial train diagram is established by the Global Scheduler according to the master scheduling plan without considering conflicts. In local scheduling, scheduling conflicts are repaired by Local Scheduler. An embedded knowledge base provides advice for conflict resolution. Since cycles may exist among a sequence of repairs during the repair process, we also propose a cycle detection and resolution scheme in this paper. Through a graphic user interface, the user can interact with the Automatic Scheduler to solve the large-scale complex train scheduling problem in a cooperative and flexible fashion.     

模糊基函数网络辨识算法稳定性*

模糊基函数网络能很好地以“ｉｆ．．．ｔｈｅｎ．．．”形式利用专家的知识，且以这种模型进行辨识，其辨识误差方程与辩识参数成线性关系，因而非常适用于实时辩识系统中，本文研究了这种网络模型辨识的持续激励条件和基于梯度法的辨识系统稳定性，给出它们存在的充要条件。     

基于工作流技术的电力生产协同组织管理系统

在分析电力系统信息化发展的基础上,结合工作流技术,详细研究了电力企业生产管理工作的业务流程。总结传统工作流程的不足,给出基于工作流的电力生产协同组织管理系统,实现了对其功能模块、角色、权限的设置与分配。在此基础上对系统进行优化,完成工作流的执行和管理,达到提高电力生产管理办公效率和可靠性的目的。     

基于Agent的电子市场结伴购买算法

以电子商务市场中买方Agent的结伴购买为背景，研究了自利主体的动态结盟问题。基于博弈论，考虑协商花费为常数情况，若所有Agent都采用“底线”策略，存在唯一的纳什平衡解。最后给出了计算底线值的方法及算法。     

基于密度的kNN文本分类器训练样本裁剪方法

随着WWW的迅猛发展，文本分类成为处理和组织大量文档数据的关键技术。kNN方法作为一种简单、有效、非参数的分类方法，在文本分类中得到广泛的应用。但是这种方法计算量大，而且训练样本的分布不均匀会造成分类准确率的下降。针对kNN方法存在的这两个问题，提出了一种基于密度的kNN分类器训练样本裁剪方法，这种方法不仅降低了kNN方法的计算量，而且使训练样本的分布密度趋于均匀，减少了边界点处测试样本的误判。实验结果显示，这种方法具有很好的性能。