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101.
Yousef A. Al-Salloum Tarek H. Almusallam Saleh H. Alsayed Nadeem A. Siddiqui 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2011,15(4):522-534
In this paper, the efficiency and effectiveness of carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets for upgrading the shear strength and ductility of a seismically deficient exterior beam-column joint were studied and compared with an American Concrete Institute (ACI)-based design joint specimen. One as-built joint specimen, representing the preseismic code design and construction practice for joints and one ACI-based design joint specimen, satisfying the seismic design requirements of the current code of practice were cast. The as-built specimen was used as baseline (control) specimen. These two specimens (i.e., the as-built control and the ACI-based specimens) were subjected to cyclic lateral load histories to induce damage equivalent to damage expected from a severe earthquake. The damaged control specimen was then repaired by filling its cracks with epoxy and externally bonding CFRP sheets to the joint, the beam, and part of the column regions. This specimen was identified as the repaired specimen. The repaired specimen was subjected to a similar cyclic lateral load history, and its response history was recorded. The response histories of the as-built control, the repaired, and the ACI-based design specimen were then compared. The test results demonstrated that externally bonded CFRP sheets can effectively improve both the shear strength and the deformation capacity of seismically deficient and damaged beam-column joints to a state comparable to the ACI-based design joint. 相似文献
102.
Saqib Murtaza Farhad Ali Aamina Nadeem Ahmad Sheikh Ilyas Khan Kottakkaran Sooppy Nisar 《计算机、材料和连续体(英文)》2020,65(3):2033-2047
It is a very difficult task for the researchers to find the exact solutions to
mathematical problems that contain non-linear terms in the equation. Therefore, this article
aims to investigate the viscous dissipation (VD) effect on the fractional model of Jeffrey
fluid over a heated vertical flat plate that suddenly moves in its own plane. Based on the
Atangana-Baleanu operator, the fractional model is developed from the fractional
constitutive equations. VD is responsible for the non-linear behavior in the problem. Upon
taking the Laplace and Fourier sine transforms, exact expressions have been obtained for
momentum and energy equations. The influence of relative parameters on fluid flow and
temperature distribution is shown graphically. As special cases, and for the sake of
correctness, the corresponding results for second-grade fluid and Newtonian viscous fluid
are also obtained. It is interesting to note that fractional parameter α provides more than
one line as compared to the classical model. This effect represents the memory effect in the
fluid which is not possible to elaborate by the classical model. It is also worth noting that
the temperature profile of the generalized Jeffrey fluid rises for higher values of Eckert
number which is due to the enthalpy difference of the boundary layer. 相似文献
103.
Edward C. Rosenthal Sohail S. Chaudhry In-Chan Choi Jinbong Jang 《Computers & Operations Research》2012,39(8):1793-1799
We introduce the following network optimization problem: given a directed graph with a cost function on the arcs, demands at the nodes, and a single source s, find the minimum cost connected subgraph from s such that its total demand is no less than lower bound D. We describe applications of this problem to disaster relief and media broadcasting, and show that it generalizes several well-known models including the knapsack problem, the partially ordered knapsack problem, the minimum branching problem, and certain scheduling problems. We prove that our problem is strongly NP-complete and give an integer programming formulation. We also provide five heuristic approaches, illustrate them with a numerical example, and provide a computational study on both small and large sized, randomly generated problems. The heuristics run efficiently on the tested problems and provide solutions that, on average, are fairly close to optimal. 相似文献
104.
Sohail Aslam Shapour Vossoughi G. Paul Willhite 《Chemical Engineering Communications》1986,48(4):287-301
Gelled polymers are being used increasingly to modify the movement of injected fluids in secondary and enhaced oil recovery processes. A common gelation process involves the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) in the presence of polyacrylamide. The Cr(III) reacts or interacts with the polymer to form a gel network. Although correlations of gelation time with principal process variables have been obtained, viscometric data have not been reported during or after gelation. These data are needed for fluid flow calculations in surface equipment and estimation of flow behaviour in reservoir rocks.
A Weissenberg Rheogoniometer, with cone and plate geometry, was used to obtain viscometric data for the gelation of polyacrylamide and chromium (III). Solutions consisting of polyacrylamide polymer, sodium dichromate-dihydrate and sodium bisulfite were gelled under a steady shear field at constant temperature. The shear stress versus time profile for the galation process was interpreted to define a gelation time and to determine the apparent viscosity of the gelled fluid. The gelation time decreased as the applied shear rate increased up to about 14.25 sec-1 and was affected by shear rate history. Viscometric properties of the gelled solutions were determined. Apparent viscosity of the gelled solutions decreased as the shear rate under which they were formed increased.
Post gelation studies indicated that gels exhibited a residual stress at zero shear rate and behaved as Bingham plastics under steady shear. Gels formed at low shear rates were more viscous than gels formed at high shear rates. However, the structure of these gels was susceptible to shear degradation. 相似文献
A Weissenberg Rheogoniometer, with cone and plate geometry, was used to obtain viscometric data for the gelation of polyacrylamide and chromium (III). Solutions consisting of polyacrylamide polymer, sodium dichromate-dihydrate and sodium bisulfite were gelled under a steady shear field at constant temperature. The shear stress versus time profile for the galation process was interpreted to define a gelation time and to determine the apparent viscosity of the gelled fluid. The gelation time decreased as the applied shear rate increased up to about 14.25 sec-1 and was affected by shear rate history. Viscometric properties of the gelled solutions were determined. Apparent viscosity of the gelled solutions decreased as the shear rate under which they were formed increased.
Post gelation studies indicated that gels exhibited a residual stress at zero shear rate and behaved as Bingham plastics under steady shear. Gels formed at low shear rates were more viscous than gels formed at high shear rates. However, the structure of these gels was susceptible to shear degradation. 相似文献
105.
Abdulaziz Attaallah Sabita Khatri Mohd Nadeem Syed Anas Ansar Abhishek Kumar Pandey Alka Agrawal 《计算机系统科学与工程》2021,37(3):313-329
A significant increase in the number of coronavirus cases can easily be noticed in most of the countries around the world. Inspite of the consistent preventive initiatives being taken to contain the spread of this virus, the unabated increase in the cases is both alarming and intriguing. The role of mathematical models in predicting and estimating the spread of the virus, and identifying various preventive factors dependencies has been found important and effective in most of the previous pandemics like Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) 2003. In this research work, authors have proposed the Susceptible-Infectected-Removed (SIR) model variation in order to forecast the pattern of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) spread for the upcoming eight weeks in perspective of Saudi Arabia. The study has been performed by using SIR model with a proposed simplification using average progression for further estimation of β and γ values for better curve fittings ratios. The predictive results of this study clearly show that under the current public health interventions, there will be an increase in the COVID-19 cases in Saudi Arabia in the next four weeks. Hence, a set of strong health primitives and precautionary measures are recommended in order to avoid and prevent the further spread of COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia. 相似文献
106.
Farrukh Shahzad Sohail Masood Naveed Kazim Khan 《Knowledge and Information Systems》2014,39(3):703-737
A probabilistic opposition-based Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm with Velocity Clamping and inertia weights (OvcPSO) is designed for function optimization—to accelerate the convergence speed and to optimize solution’s accuracy on standard benchmark functions. In this work, probabilistic opposition-based learning for particles is incorporated with PSO to enhance the convergence rate—it uses velocity clamping and inertia weights to control the position, speed and direction of particles to avoid premature convergence. A comprehensive set of 58 complex benchmark functions including a wide range of dimensions have been used for experimental verification. It is evident from the results that OvcPSO can deal with complex optimization problems effectively and efficiently. A series of experiments have been performed to investigate the influence of population size and dimensions upon the performance of different PSO variants. It also outperforms FDR-PSO, CLPSO, FIPS, CPSO-H and GOPSO on various benchmark functions. Last but not the least, OvcPSO has also been compared with opposition-based differential evolution (ODE); it outperforms ODE on lower swarm population and higher-dimensional functions. 相似文献
107.
Areej Al-Roub Nadeem Akhter Amnah Al-Sayyar Ajit Wilson Reeby Thomas Shihab Kochumon Fatema Al-Rashed Fahd Al-Mulla Sardar Sindhu Rasheed Ahmad 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(14)
Short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) acetate, a byproduct of dietary fiber metabolism by gut bacteria, has multiple immunomodulatory functions. The anti-inflammatory role of acetate is well documented; however, its effect on monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) production is unknown. Similarly, the comparative effect of SCFA on MCP-1 expression in monocytes and macrophages remains unclear. We investigated whether acetate modulates TNFα-mediated MCP-1/CCL2 production in monocytes/macrophages and, if so, by which mechanism(s). Monocytic cells were exposed to acetate with/without TNFα for 24 h, and MCP-1 expression was measured. Monocytes treated with acetate in combination with TNFα resulted in significantly greater MCP-1 production compared to TNFα treatment alone, indicating a synergistic effect. On the contrary, treatment with acetate in combination with TNFα suppressed MCP-1 production in macrophages. The synergistic upregulation of MCP-1 was mediated through the activation of long-chain fatty acyl-CoA synthetase 1 (ACSL1). However, the inhibition of other bioactive lipid enzymes [carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT I) or serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT)] did not affect this synergy. Moreover, MCP-1 expression was significantly reduced by the inhibition of p38 MAPK, ERK1/2, and NF-κB signaling. The inhibition of ACSL1 attenuated the acetate/TNFα-mediated phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, ERK1/2, and NF-κB. Increased NF-κB/AP-1 activity, resulting from acetate/TNFα co-stimulation, was decreased by ACSL1 inhibition. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the proinflammatory effects of acetate on TNF-α-mediated MCP-1 production via the ACSL1/MAPK/NF-κB axis in monocytic cells, while a paradoxical effect was observed in THP-1-derived macrophages. 相似文献
108.
Asif Raza Amara Nasir Mehwish Tahir Shaista Taimur Tariq Yasin Muhammad Nadeem 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2021,138(2):49680
Polyaniline (PANI) grafted conducting nanohybrids are successfully synthesized by emulsion graft polymerization. Maximum grafting of 644% is obtained on sepiolite at optimized concentrations and reaction conditions. The Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra of sepiolite grafted polyaniline (MS-g-PANI) nanohybrid revealed the presence of stretching vibrations of C=C bonds of polyaniline at 1580 and 1490 cm−1 along with the characteristic peaks of sepiolite. Increased thermal stability of the nanohybrid is observed with the increase in polyaniline grafting. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) are used to study the structural changes caused by grafting. A progressive increase in electrical conductivity is observed with the increase in grafting yield. Maximum electrical conductivity of 0.427 Scm−1 is observed in the nanohybrid having 644% grafting. 24.2 dB (>99% attenuation) EMI shielding effectiveness has been exhibited by the developed nanohybrids in X-band frequency range. 相似文献
109.
T. Hayat S. Nadeem S. Asghar A. M. Siddiqui 《Chemical Engineering Communications》2013,200(10):1272-1284
Rotating flow of a second grade conducting fluid on an infinite oscillating plate is investigated when the fluid is permeated by a transverse magnetic field and the Hall effects are taken into account. It is once again found that an asymptotic solution exists in the presence of both suction and blowing at the plate. For fixed magnetic field parameter the boundary layer thickness increases with the increase in Hall parameter. The present analysis is more general than any previous investigations. 相似文献
110.
Nadeem Iqbal Sadia Sagar Mohammad Bilal Khan Mohamed Ismail Bassyouni Zaffar M. Khan 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2013,130(6):4392-4400
Variant concentrations of ceramic fibers (CerFs) were incorporated into acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) to fabricate elastomeric ablative composites for ultrahigh temperature applications. The CerFs introduction into the polymer matrix has enhanced the ablation resistance up to 59% and successfully reduced the backface temperature of the polymer composite up to 110oC during the ultrahigh temperature ablation investigation. Thermal decomposition of the polymer composites was diminished up to 10% with increasing fiber concentration in the rubber matrix. Thermal conductivity was reduced equal to 63% while thermal impedance was enhanced up to 84% with the utmost fiber incorporation into the NBR matrix. The CerFs have adversely affected the mechanical properties of NBR matrix due to their brittle/inert nature and weak interface bonding with the host matrix. Scanning electron microscopy along with the energy dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy was used to examine the ablated specimens and the fiber dispersion within the host matrix. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 4392–4400, 2013 相似文献