全文获取类型
收费全文 | 6984篇 |
免费 | 155篇 |
国内免费 | 16篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 362篇 |
综合类 | 6篇 |
化学工业 | 1641篇 |
金属工艺 | 204篇 |
机械仪表 | 146篇 |
建筑科学 | 130篇 |
矿业工程 | 2篇 |
能源动力 | 197篇 |
轻工业 | 577篇 |
水利工程 | 23篇 |
石油天然气 | 2篇 |
无线电 | 693篇 |
一般工业技术 | 1193篇 |
冶金工业 | 1331篇 |
原子能技术 | 160篇 |
自动化技术 | 488篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 67篇 |
2021年 | 101篇 |
2020年 | 56篇 |
2019年 | 55篇 |
2018年 | 89篇 |
2017年 | 84篇 |
2016年 | 139篇 |
2015年 | 84篇 |
2014年 | 149篇 |
2013年 | 312篇 |
2012年 | 256篇 |
2011年 | 332篇 |
2010年 | 205篇 |
2009年 | 290篇 |
2008年 | 283篇 |
2007年 | 248篇 |
2006年 | 203篇 |
2005年 | 228篇 |
2004年 | 180篇 |
2003年 | 180篇 |
2002年 | 192篇 |
2001年 | 170篇 |
2000年 | 145篇 |
1999年 | 188篇 |
1998年 | 534篇 |
1997年 | 326篇 |
1996年 | 290篇 |
1995年 | 176篇 |
1994年 | 178篇 |
1993年 | 156篇 |
1992年 | 90篇 |
1991年 | 84篇 |
1990年 | 75篇 |
1989年 | 66篇 |
1988年 | 72篇 |
1987年 | 66篇 |
1986年 | 71篇 |
1985年 | 68篇 |
1984年 | 77篇 |
1983年 | 70篇 |
1982年 | 62篇 |
1981年 | 50篇 |
1980年 | 63篇 |
1979年 | 43篇 |
1978年 | 41篇 |
1977年 | 35篇 |
1976年 | 59篇 |
1975年 | 21篇 |
1974年 | 35篇 |
1973年 | 23篇 |
排序方式: 共有7155条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
High-purity mullite ceramics, promising engineering ceramics for high-temperature applications, were fabricated using transient liquid phase sintering to improve their high-temperature mechanical properties. Small amounts of ultrafine alumina or silica powders were uniformly mixed with the mullite precursor depending on the silica-alumina ratio of the resulting ceramics to allow for the formation of a transient liquid phase during sintering, thus, enhancing densification at the early stage of sintering and mullite formation by the reaction between additional alumina and the residual glassy phase (mullitization) at the final stage of sintering. The addition of alumina powder to the silica-rich mullite precursor resulted in a reaction between the glassy silica and alumina phases during sintering, thereby forming a mullite phase without inhibiting densification. The addition of fine silica powder to the mullite single-phase precursor led to densification with an abnormal grain growth of mullite, whereas some of the added silica remained as a glassy phase after sintering. The resulting mullite ceramics prepared using different powder compositions showed different sintering behaviors, depending on the amount of alumina added. Upon selecting an optimum process and the amount of alumina to be added, the pure mullite ceramics obtained via transient liquid phase sintering exhibited high density (approximately 99%) and excellent high-temperature flexural strength (approximately 320 MPa) at 1500 °C in air. These results clearly demonstrate that pure mullite ceramics fabricated via transient liquid phase sintering with compositions close to those of stoichiometric mullite could be a promising process for the fabrication of high-temperature structural ceramics used in an ambient atmosphere. The transient liquid phase sintering process proposed in this study could be a powerful processing tool that allows for the preparation of superior high-temperature structural ceramics used in the ambient processing atmosphere. 相似文献
2.
Tomohiro Toigawa Yasuhiro Tsubata Takeshi Kai Takuya Furuta Yuta Kumagai Tatsuro Matsumura 《溶剂提取与离子交换》2021,39(1):74-89
ABSTRACT Absorbed-dose estimation is essential for evaluation of the radiation tolerance of minor-actinide-separation processes. We propose a dose-evaluation method based on radiation permeability, with comparisons of heterogeneous structures seen in the solvent-extraction process, such as emulsions forming in the mixture of the organic and aqueous phases. A demonstration of radiation-energy-transfer simulation is performed with a focus on the minor-actinide-recovery process from high-level liquid waste with the aid of the Monte Carlo radiation-transport code PHITS. The simulation results indicate that the dose absorbed by the extraction solvent from alpha radiation depends upon the emulsion structure, and that from beta and gamma radiation depends upon the mixer-settler-apparatus size. Non-negligible contributions of well-permeable gamma rays were indicated in terms of the plant operation of the minor-actinide-separation process. 相似文献
3.
Abidur Rahman Makoto Kobayashi Kotaro Sugimoto Yuta Endo Manabu Kojima Shigenori Furukawa Takafumi Watanabe Shu Soeda Yuko Hashimoto Keiya Fujimori Hideki Chiba 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(7)
Background: Within the claudin (CLDN) family, CLDN12 mRNA expression is altered in various types of cancer, but its clinicopathological relevance has yet to be established due to the absence of specific antibodies (Abs) with broad applications. Methods: We generated a monoclonal Ab (mAb) against human/mouse CLDN12 and verified its specificity. By performing immunohistochemical staining and semiquantification, we evaluated the relationship between CLDN12 expression and clinicopathological parameters in tissues from 138 cases of cervical cancer. Results: Western blot and immunohistochemical analyses revealed that the established mAb selectively recognized the CLDN12 protein. Twenty six of the 138 cases (18.8%) showed low CLDN12 expression, and the disease-specific survival (DSS) and recurrence-free survival rates were significantly decreased compared with those in the high CLDN12 expression group. We also demonstrated, via univariable and multivariable analyses, that the low CLDN12 expression represents a significant prognostic factor for the DSS of cervical cancer patients (HR 3.412, p = 0.002 and HR 2.615, p = 0.029, respectively). Conclusions: It can be concluded that a reduced CLDN12 expression predicts a poor outcome for cervical cancer. The novel anti-CLDN12 mAb could be a valuable tool to evaluate the biological relevance of the CLDN12 expression in diverse cancer types and other diseases. 相似文献
4.
Ryo Hashikawa Yasuhiro Fujii Atsushi Kinomura Takeshi Saito Arifumi Okada Takashi Wakasugi Kohei Kadono 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2019,102(4):1642-1651
Radiophotoluminescence phenomena have been widely investigated on various types of materials for dosimetry applications. We report that an aluminoborosilicate glass containing 0.005 mol% copper exhibits intense photoluminescence in the visible region induced by X-ray and γ-ray irradiation. The luminescence is assigned to the 3d94s1 → 3d10 transition of Cu+. The proportionality of the intensity of the induced photoluminescence to the irradiation dose was confirmed up to 0.5 kGy using 60Co γ-ray irradiation. Based on the spectroscopic results, a potential mechanism was proposed for the enhancement of the photoluminescence. The exposure to the ionizing radiation generates electron-hole pairs in the glass, and the electrons are subsequently captured by the Cu2+ ions, which are converted to Cu+ and emit the luminescence. For the glass containing 0.01 mol% copper, the pronounced enhancement of the photoluminescence was not observed because the reverse reaction, ie, the capture of the holes by the Cu+ ions, becomes prominent. The photoluminescence induced by the irradiation was stably observed for the glasses kept at room temperature and even for the glasses heat-treated at 150°C. However, the induced photoluminescence could be eliminated by the heat treatment at a temperature at 500°C, and the glass returned to the initial pre-irradiation state. The Cu-doped aluminoborosilicate glass is a potential candidate for use in dosimetry applications. 相似文献
5.
Shohei Minagawa Shoji Fujiwara Takeshi Hashimoto Takashi Hayashita 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(9)
Cyclodextrins (CyDs) are water-soluble host molecules possessing a nanosized hydrophobic cavity. In the realm of molecular recognition, this cavity is used not only as a recognition site but also as a reaction medium, where a hydrophobic sensor recognizes a guest molecule. Based on the latter concept, we have designed a novel supramolecular sensing system composed of Zn(II)-dipicolylamine metal complex-based azobenzene (1-Zn) and 3A-amino-3A-deoxy-(2AS,3AS)-γ-cyclodextrin (3-NH2-γ-CyD) for sensing adenosine-5′-triphosphate (ATP). 1-Zn showed redshifts in the UV-Vis spectra and induced circular dichroism (ICD) only when both ATP and 3-NH2-γ-CyD were present. Calculations of equilibrium constants indicated that the amino group of 3-NH2-γ-CyD was involved in the formation of supramolecular 1-Zn/3-NH2-γ-CyD/ATP. The Job plot of the ICD spectral response revealed that the stoichiometry of 1-Zn/3-NH2-γ-CyD/ATP was 2:1:1. The pH effect was examined and 1-Zn/3-NH2-γ-CyD/ATP was most stable in the neutral condition. The NOESY spectrum suggested the localization of 1-Zn in the 3-NH2-γ-CyD cavity. Based on the obtained results, the metal coordination interaction of 1-Zn and the electrostatic interaction of 3-NH2-γ-CyD were found to take place for ATP recognition. The “reaction medium approach” enabled us to develop a supramolecular sensing system that undergoes multi-point interactions in water. This study is the first step in the design of a selective sensing system based on a good understanding of supramolecular structures. 相似文献
6.
Zdeněk Slanina Filip Uhlík Lipiao Bao Takeshi Akasaka Xing Lu Ludwik Adamowicz 《Fullerenes, Nanotubes and Carbon Nanostructures》2020,28(7):565-570
AbstractRelative populations of four energy-lowest IPR (isolated-pentagon-rule) isomers of Eu@C86 are computed using the Gibbs energy based on characteristics from density functional theory calculations (M06-2X/3-21G?~?SDD entropy term, M06-2X/6-31G*~SDD or B2PLYP(D)/6-31G*~SDD energetics). The calculations confirm that the recently isolated Eu@C1(7)-C86 species is a major isomer in a relevant temperature region. Relationship to the empty C86 cages is discussed, too. 相似文献
7.
The cover image is based on the Mini‐Review Well‐defined, environment‐friendly synthesis of polypeptides based on phosgene‐free transformation of amino acids into urethane derivatives and their applications by Takeshi Endo et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/pi.5952 . Cover image © Takeshi Endo Images.
8.
A comparative study of DPSK and OOK WDM transmission over transoceanic distances and their performance degradations due to nonlinear phase noise 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mizuochi T. Ishida K. Kobayashi T. Abe J. Kinjo K. Motoshima K. Kasahara K. 《Lightwave Technology, Journal of》2003,21(9):1933-1943
We have compared experimentally the transmission performance of return-to-zero differential phase-shift keying (RZ-DPSK) with RZ-ON-OFF keying (OOK), nonreturn-to-zero differential phase-shift keying (NRZ-DPSK), and NRZ-OOK for 100/spl times/10-Gb/s transmission with a spectral efficiency of 0.22 b/s/Hz over transoceanic distances. The Q degradation of the RZ-DPSK after transmission over 9180 km was 3 dB greater than that of RZ-OOK. The experimental results clearly showed the major cause of degradation for DPSK is not cross-phase modulation but self-phase modulation. The calculated nonlinear phase noise, i.e., the Gordon-Mollenauer effect, agreed with the experimental results. A distributed-Raman-amplifier assisted erbium-doped-fiber-amplified transmission line acted well in reducing the nonlinear phase noise. 相似文献
9.
Suchapa Netpradit Suda Kiatkamjornwong Yujiro Ando Takeshi Ikeda 《Particulate Science and Technology》1998,16(4):311-327
We investigated the dependence of the toner charge-to-mass ratio (q/m) in a two-component electrophotographic developer on the shaking time, toner concentration (T/C), carrier sizes, and the carrier core and the coating materials, as well as the resulting print qualities in terms of print density, background density, tone reproduction, resolution, and dot gain. Four different sizes of spherical ferrite carriers, four different carrier coating materials, and an irregular iron carrier were used with two types of toner: 14 um red toner (NP-4080) and 8 um cyan toner (CLC-500). The q/m measurement by the blow-off method showed that the red toner charge was positive while the cyan toner charge was negative with these carriers. The toner q/m values, which depended on the shaking time and decreased with the increasing T/C were much more affected by the larger carrier and the smaller toner. The carriers which yielded charges in the proper range produced better print qualities than did the other carriers that yielded a toner q/m 相似文献
10.