The body color in animals results from billions of years of their natural evolution in order to evade natural enemies, catch
quarries or display themselves beauty, investigation on mechanisms of structural light is an important aspect of bionics.
Based on the phenomenon of Papilio maackii ménétriès’ blue scales changing into green ones immediately after dropping some alcohol aqua on the underwing surface and
soon returning back to the original color, the relationship between microstructure, optics characteristic of scales and changing
color effect were studied using the Olympus Stereomicroscope, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy
(TEM) and Ultraviolet (UV)-Visible Spectrophotometer. The color variation mechanisms of blue scales of Papilio maackii ménétriès in Chinese Northeast were revealed in this paper. When visible lights traveled through the concaver structure with
multilayer reflector and the filled medium with different refractive indices, the reflected lights in definite wavelengths
produced interference and color at that wavelength came into being. It has important academic reference value to biomimetics
design of video stealth materials.
Recommended by Prof. SONG YuQuan, Member of Editorial Committee of Science in China, Series E: Technological Sciences
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 50635030, 30570235), the Key Project of Chinese
Ministry of Education (Grant No. 105059), and Fok Ying Tong Education Foundation (Grant No. 101020) 相似文献
The conceptual study on the accelerator driven system (ADS) that lasted for about five years ended in 1999 in China. As one
project of the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) in the energy domain, which is sponsored by the China
Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), a five-year-program of fundamental research of ADS physics and related technology
was launched in 2000 and passed national review at the end of 2005. The China Institute of Atomic Energy (CIAE), the Institute
of High Energy Physics (IHEP), the Institute of Heavy Ion Physics in Peking University (PKU-IHIP) and other institutions jointly
carried out the research. The research activities were focused on HPPA physics and technology, reactor physics of external
source driven sub-critical assembly, nuclear data base and material study. For HPPA, a high current injector consisting of
an ECR ion source, LEBT and an RFQ accelerating structure of 3.5 MeV was built. In reactor physics study, a series of neutron
multiplication experimental study has been carried out and still being done. The VENUS facility has been constructed as the
basic experimental platform for neutronics study in ADS blanket. It’s a zero power sub-critical neutron multiplying assembly
driven by external neutron produced by a pulsed neutron generator. The theoretical, experimental and simulation study on nuclear
data, material properties and nuclear fuel circulation related to ADS is carrying on to provide the database for ADS system
analysis. The main results on ADS related researches will be reported. 相似文献
The aluminium toxicity is closely related to aluminium species. In this work aluminium was fractionated into seven forms: Al(T), Al(Sus), Al(C + S), Al(S), Al(C), Al(O) and Al(I). Four Al-based coagulants and simulated raw water were used in the laboratory to investigate the aluminium transformation in coagulation, sedimentation and filtration processes. It is the use of Al-based coagulants that contributes more to the increase of the residual aluminium for the low-turbidity raw water, while the Al-based coagulants, especially the polymeric aluminium coagulants, work to remove the aluminium from the high-turbidity raw water. In the case of traditional coagulants, the increase of the turbidity or the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration in the raw water results in a high concentration of Al(C + S). The removal rate of aluminium species in the filtration process is not only related to its size: RAl(Sus) > RAl(C+S), RAl(C) > RAl(S), but also to the physicochemical properties of aluminium species and filter. For the kaolin-polyaluminium chloride system, a lower removal rate of aluminium species results is due to the complexation of humic acid and aluminium species. 相似文献
The phase behavior of a hybrid polymer network (HPN) composed of poly[(propylene glycol maleate)-co-(propylene glycol phthalate)] crosslinked with styrene and polyester–urethane crosslinked with methylene-bis-ortho-chloroaniline was examined. The correlation between phase separation and impact strength of the HPNs is discussed. The composition of HPNs has an effect on their properties. 相似文献
Surrogate models have been widely applied to correlate design variables and performance parameters in turbomachinery optimization applications. With more design variables and uncertain factors taken into account in an optimization design problem, the mathematical relations between the design variables and the performance parameters might present linear, low-order nonlinear or even high-order nonlinear characteristics, and are usually analytically unknown. Therefore, it is required that surrogate models have high adaptability and prediction accuracy for both the linear and nonlinear characteristics. The paper mainly investigates the effectiveness of an adaptive region segmentation combining surrogate model based on support vector regression and kriging model applied to a transonic axial compressor to approximate the complicated relationships between geometrical variables and objective performance outputs with different sampling methods and sizes. The purpose is to explore the prediction accuracy and computational efficiency of this adaptive surrogate model in real turbomachinery applications. Three different sampling techniques are studied: (1) uniform design; (2) Latin hypercube sampling method; (3) Sobol quasi-random design. For the low dimensional case with five variables, the adaptive region segmentation combining surrogate model performs better (not worse) than the single component surrogate in terms of prediction accuracy and computational efficiency. In the meanwhile, it is also noted that the uniform design applied to the adaptive surrogate model has more advantages over the Latin hypercube sampling method especially for the small sample size cases, both performing better than the Sobol quasi-random design. Moreover, a high dimensional case with 12 variables is also utilized to further validate the prediction advantage of the adaptive region segmentation combining surrogate model over the single component surrogate, and the computational results favor it. Overall, the adaptive region segmentation combining surrogate model has produced acceptable to high prediction accuracy in presenting complex relationships between the geometrical variables and the objective performance outputs and performed robustly for a transonic axial compressor problem.
Microsystem Technologies - In-situ self-calibration can fundamentally solve the problem of long-term stability of the accelerometer. The implementation of external integrated micro structure to... 相似文献