293K下K+/CO2-3,HCO3-、Cl-、H2O四元体系相图的研究--从农药废水中回收无机盐

用等温法测定了293K下K+/CO32-、HCO3-、Cl-、H2O四元体系的溶解度,根据溶解度数据绘制了相图,相图由KCl、KHCO3、K2CO3·3/2H2O、K2CO3·2KHCO3·3/2H2O四个相区组成.实验结果表明,K2CO3对KCl和KHCO3有强烈的盐析作用.以四元水盐体系相图理论作指导,对吡虫啉农药生产废水进行等温蒸发,分析计算了废水中各种盐的析出顺序及析出量,给出了分离氯化钾和碳酸钾较为理想的蒸发终止点,并提出了合理的工艺流程.     

Effect of different carbon fillers on the properties of PP composites: Comparison of carbon black with multiwalled carbon nanotubes

Polypropylene (PP)/carbon composites were prepared via melt blending PP with carbon fillers, including multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) and carbon black (CB). Field‐emission scanning electron microscopy was used to research the morphology and dispersion of fillers in the PP matrix. The electrical properties, mechanical properties, and crystallization behaviors of PP/carbon composites were also investigated. The results show that the influence of MWNTs on the properties of PP composites is different with CB, which can be ascribed to the structure and aspect ratio difference between MWNTs and CB. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102:4823–4830, 2006     

Preparation and properties of high molecular weight poly(1-germa-) or poly(1-sila-cis-pent-3-enes)

High molecular weight poly(1,1-dimethyl-1-germa-cis-pent-3-ene), poly(1,1-diphenyl-1-germa-cis-pent-3-ene), poly(1,1-dimethyl-1-sila-cis-pent-3-ene), and poly(1-methyl-1-phenyl-1-sila-cis-pent-3-ene) have been prepared. The thermal stability of these polymers is found to increase with their molecular weight.     

废短纤维/橡胶复合材料的力学和疲劳性能

考察了橡胶再生废短纤维的表面特性和长度分布，研究了橡胶再生废短纤维／橡胶复合材料（ＷＳＦＲＣ）的力学性能以及纤维表面预处理对它的影响，探讨了它在橡胶工业中应用的可能性。对ＷＳ－ＦＲＣ的动态拉伸和压缩疲劳性能也进行了考察。结果表明：随着纤维用量的增加．ＷＳＦＲＣ的拉伸和压缩疲劳性能下降；与同样硬度的纯炭黑胶料相比，ＷＳＦＲＣ的疲劳温升更低；ＷＳＦＲＣ的疲劳性能还随纤维排列方向的不同而变化。     

硫醇自组装膜的电化学研究进展

综述了在金电极上硫醇自组装膜的电化学表征方法，性质和应用，介绍了自组装膜上的电子传递机理，并进行了简要的展望。     

一次低烧SrTiO3基晶界层电容器的研究

研究了以Ｌｉ２ＣＯ３为助烧结剂、Ｓｒ（Ｌｉ１／４Ｎｂ３／４）Ｏ３为施主掺杂剂、Ｂｉ２Ｏ３和ＳｉＯ２为晶界绝缘剂的ＳｒＴｉＯ３基晶界层电容器的一次低温烧成技术。初步探索了Ｔｉ／Ｓｒ比值、施主掺杂剂、绝缘剂对显微结构及介电性能的影响。在１１５０℃烧成温度下，获得了εａｐｐ〉３．５×１０＾４；ｐ〉１．０×１０＾１１Ω·ｃｍ；ｔｇδ〈１．０％；ΔＣ／Ｃ〈±５．０％（－２５￣＋８５℃）的ＳｒＴｉＯ３基晶界层     

机械力化学湿法一步制备表面修饰磷酸锌微粉

以氧化锌和磷酸为原料,以硅烷偶联剂为改性剂,采用机械力化学湿法制备微细磷酸锌并进行表面改性.用XRD、润湿角、活化指数、沉降时间等手段对产物进行表征,用FT-IR对改性粉末的结构进行分析,初步探讨了偶联剂与磷酸锌的作用机理.结果表明产物为二水和四水磷酸锌混合物;在红外区域2 800～3 000 cm-1和1 400 cm-1有偶联剂的特征吸收峰,说明偶联剂与磷酸锌之间发生了化学反应;当硅烷偶联剂添加质量分数由0增加到2%,改性产品的活化指数由0增加到98.71%,对水的润湿角由0°增加到93.21°,沉降时间由0.5 h增加到176 h,在涂料中的分散性和贮存稳定性得到改进.     

Effect of Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, or Zn2+ on properties of polyaniline nanoparticles

Uniform polyaniline (PANI) nanoparticles with typical sizes of about 50 nm were electropolymerized on indium tin oxide surfaces in the presence of Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, Cu²⁺, or Zn²⁺. According to shaping theory, we first suggest the reason forming PANI spherical particles. Their conductivity, UV‐vis spectra, FTIR spectra, X‐ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis were investigated. The conductivities and crystallinity of PANI doped with these ions are higher than those of PANI doped with HCl (PANI/HCl). Both UV‐vis absorption spectra and FTIR spectra indicate the interactions between Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, Cu²⁺, or Zn²⁺ and PANI chains. TG analysis also shows that the thermal stability of PANI doped by Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, Cu²⁺, or Zn²⁺ is lower than that of PANI/HCl. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007     

污泥中总磷测定方法的探讨

污泥样品与氢氧化钠熔融,使污泥中含磷有机化合物全部转化为可溶性的正磷酸盐,然后测定污泥中的总磷含量.此方法方便易行,平行性好,准确度高,可作为测定污泥中总磷的标准方法.     

MFE环氧乙烯基酯树脂固化性能的研究

本文对MFE环氧乙烯基酯(含MFE型和AFE型二种型号)树脂的固化性能(凝胶时间、放热峰和固化收缩率)作了报道并进行讨论。