Smart fabric strain sensor comprising reduced graphene oxide with structure-based negative piezoresistivity

Journal of Materials Science - Fabric strain sensors have attracted significantly increased interest as wearable electronics for their flexibility, softness, and wearing comfort in recent years....     

超高精度面形干涉检测技术进展

深紫外、极紫外光刻、先进光源等现代光学工程牵引驱动超精密光学技术持续发展,超精密光学制造要求与之精度相匹配的超高精度检测技术。作为核心技术指标之一的面形精度通常要求达到纳米、深亚纳米甚至几十皮米量级,超高精度面形干涉检测技术挑战技术极限,具有重要研究意义和应用价值。本文分析了面形干涉检测技术发展趋势,主要介绍了中国科学院光电技术研究所近年来在超高精度面形干涉检测技术相关研究进展。

     

空间高能电子探测器准直仪的设计研究

空间电子探测器的准直仪的目的是限制仪器的探测张角和几何因子,而电子与准直仪材料的散射效应严重,准直仪的设计优劣将直接影响仪器的测量精度。本文以我国的风云四号卫星的高能电子探测器为例,在基础准直仪的结构基础上进行了改进设计,分析了在准直仪内的加齿结构、齿形、齿厚、齿深、齿数等参数对准直仪反散射能力的影响。分析发现齿形对反散射能力的影响最大,齿深对反散射能力影响较小。提出了最优准直仪结构,有效改善了准直仪内电子散射问题,总结了空间电子探测器的准直仪设计的经验和原则,为以后准直仪的优化提供参考。     

济钢小型材全连轧生产线设备改造及工艺优化

济钢第一小型轧钢厂全连轧生产线投产初期存在加热炉出钢节奏慢、粗轧机立辊减速机设计传动能力小等问题。通过合理选择和设计高速级传动齿轮参数、优化完善粗轧孔型、实施多线切分轧制技术等,使设备装备水平显著提高,万吨钢设备故障误时由3.5h减少到0.986h,2007年年生产能力达到127万t。     

漠河卫星遥感林火监测及所见问题分析

本文简要介绍了卫星遥感林火监测特性、原理及流程,通过对漠河卫星遥感接收过程中发现的问题进行了分析,指出了存在的不足和今后努力的方向.     

Preparation,Properties, and Mechanism of Flame-Retardant Poly(vinyl alcohol) Aerogels Based on the Multi-Directional Freezing Method

In this work, exfoliated α-zirconium phosphate (α-ZrP) and phosphated cellulose (PCF) were employed to synthesize poly(vinyl alcohol) composite aerogels (PVA/PCF/α-ZrP) with excellent flame retardancy through the multi-directional freezing method. The peak heat release rate (PHRR), total smoke release (TSR), and CO production (COP) of the (PVA/PCF₁₀/α-ZrP₁₀-3) composite aerogel were considerably decreased by 42.3%, 41.4%, and 34.7%, as compared to the pure PVA aerogel, respectively. Simultaneously, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) value was improved from 18.1% to 28.4%. The mechanistic study of flame retardancy showed evidence that PCF and α-ZrP promoted the crosslinking and carbonization of PVA chains to form a barrier, which not only served as insulation between the material and the air, but also significantly reduced the emissions of combustible toxic gases (CO₂, CO). In addition, the multi-directional freezing method further improved the catalytic carbonization process. This mutually advantageous strategy offers a new strategy for the preparation of composite aerogels with enhanced fire resistance.     

BIM技术在雄安容东片区环卫设施北停车场项目中的应用

雄安容东片区环卫设施综合体是国内首个半地下环卫转运站,是雄安生态之城建设的重要支撑。该项目在施工过程中具有质量环保要求高、施工场地狭小、深大基坑施工要点多等重难点,为解决以上难题,项目基于BIM技术应用的前期准备,将BIM技术深入应用于项目的施工模拟、深大基坑建模与绿色建设中,并采用Dynamo自主开发出土钉倾角优化程序,实现了对相关土钉成孔倾角的快速批量优化。通过BIM技术的应用,项目实现了施工全过程管理的可视化、标准化和信息化,保证了综合体建设的有序进行。最终,使项目的施工质量与管理效率得到提高,做到了全面安全管控、绿色环保建设。     

Nitrosonium Ion Catalyzed Oxidative Bromination of Arenes

A nitrosonium catalyzed bromination of electron-rich arenes has been developed, using bromide salts as bromine sources, oxygen gas as a terminal oxidant and Brønsted acids (sulfuric acid, TFA or HBr). This arene bromination process is free of transition metals, proceeding in acetic acid and under mild temperatures (25–50 °C) to give brominated arenes with good to excellent yields. Our mechanistic studies indicated that this oxidative bromination of arenes reaction is catalyzed by nitrosnium ion (NO⁺), without the involvement of Br₂ or Br⁺. The kinetic isotope effect of this reaction was measured using pentadeuteriophenyl phenyl ether (k_H/k_D=1.1).     

A Novel Yolk–Shell Fe3O4@ Mesoporous Carbon Nanoparticle as an Effective Tumor-Targeting Nanocarrier for Improvement of Chemotherapy and Photothermal Therapy

Owing to their good stability and high photothermal conversion efficiency, the development of carbon-based nanoparticles has been intensively investigated, while the limitation of unsatisfactory cellular internalization impedes their further clinical application. Herein, we report a novel strategy for fabrication of Fe₃O₄ yolk–shell mesoporous carbon nanocarriers (Fe₃O₄@hmC) with monodispersity and uniform size, which presented significantly higher cell membrane adsorption and cellular uptake properties in comparison with common solid silica-supported mesoporous carbon nanoparticles with core–shell structure. Moreover, the MRI performance of this novel Fe-based nanoparticle could facilitate precise tumor diagnosis. More importantly, after DOX loading (Fe₃O₄@hmC-DOX), owing to synergistic effect of chemo–phototherapy, this therapeutic agent exhibited predominant tumor cell ablation capability under 808 nm NIR laser irradiation, both in vitro and in vivo. Our work has laid a solid foundation for therapeutics with hollowed carbon shell for solid tumor diagnosis and therapy in clinical trials.     

Effects of PCSK-9 Inhibition by Alirocumab Treatments on Biliary Cirrhotic Rats

Hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress with elevated oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) exacerbate hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. The plasma level of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is controlled by proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSK9). Alirocumab is a monoclonal antibody that decreases LDL via inhibiting PCSK9 function. Apart from lipid-lowering effects, alirocumab exerts anti-inflammation, anti-angiogenesis and anti-oxidant effects. This study aims to investigate the impact of alirocumab treatment on common bile duct ligation (BDL)-induced biliary cirrhotic rats. After a 4-week treatment of alirocumab, the hemodynamic data, blood biochemistry, ox-LDL level, oxidative stress markers, severity of hepatic encephalopathy and abnormal angiogenesis of BDL rats were measured and compared to the control group. BDL rats presented cirrhotic pictures and elevated ammonia, total cholesterol, LDL and ox-LDL levels compared to the control group. Alirocumab decreased plasma levels of total cholesterol, LDL, and oxidative stress markers; however, it did not affect the hemodynamics, liver and renal biochemistry, and the plasma levels of ammonia and ox-LDL. The motor activities, portal-systemic collaterals and mesenteric vascular density were not significantly different between alirocumab-treated and control groups. In addition, it did not affect hepatic inflammation, intrahepatic angiogenesis, liver fibrosis and free cholesterol accumulation in the liver of BDL rats. In conclusion, PCSK9 inhibition by alirocumab treatment ameliorates hyperlipidemia and systemic oxidative stress in biliary cirrhotic rats. However, it does not affect the plasma level of ox-LDL, intrahepatic inflammation and fibrosis. In addition, PCSK9 inhibition has a neutral effect on abnormal angiogenesis and hepatic encephalopathy in biliary cirrhotic rats.