浅析建设工程施工合同中几个条款

对比FID IC施工合同条件,指出了我国建设工程施工合同示范文本中几个条款中的不足,并提出了改进的相应建议。改进后的合同更加完备,将有利于减少合同履行中纠纷的出现。     

北京新保利大厦多塔连体结构设计方法研究

结合北京新保利大厦项目,基于复杂多塔连体结构的地震动力响应特点,深入分析了多塔连体结构的抗震设计方法。总结了该种结构形式的抗震设计要点,并对设计中可能出现的问题进行了讨论。提出了基于动力特性的多塔分区方法,分析了复杂多塔结构的地震响应特点和关键部位的中震设计流程,介绍了结构试验辅助结构设计的方法,为其它类型的复杂多塔结构设计提供参考。     

钢框架柱的设计规范比较(一):设计方法

对现行钢结构设计规范,包括中国规范(GB50017—2003)、美国规范(LRFD)、欧洲规范(EC3)和香港标准(HKC),进行了较详尽的比较,讨论了梁柱设计的各种原理和流程,总结了各规范设计方法的相似性与不同点。LRFD只利用一个验算方程来设计框架柱,而其他三种规范均需进行截面承载力、平面内稳定和平面外稳定承载力验算。比较发现,四种规范或标准各有优缺点,没有哪一种规范在各个方面均比其它规范更为优越。     

Thermal analysis of laser surface transformation hardening—optimization of process parameters

This paper deals with the optimization of process parameters for maximum productivity (given by the product of scanning velocity and cross feed) in laser transformation hardening. The process parameters considered are laser beam power, P; laser beam diameter, D_b; and the heat intensity distribution, namely, normal, bimodal, or uniform. A thermal analysis of the laser surface transformation hardening of gears was conducted (based on Jaeger’s classical moving heat source method) by considering the laser beam as a moving plane (disc) heat source to establish the temperature rise distribution in the workpiece (gear) of finite width. In a recent investigation [Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 44 (2001) 2845], the authors considered the case of a heat source with a pseudo-Gaussian (or normal) distribution of heat intensity. The analytical results were compared with the experimental results published in the literature. In laser heat treatment of steel, it is generally considered preferable to use a wider heat intensity distribution, such as uniform or bimodal, for it enables more uniform case hardening depth. In this paper, this model is extended to cover bimodal and uniform distributions and compared with the normal distribution. Scanning velocities for no surface melting and for a case hardening depth of 0.1 mm were determined for surface transformation hardening of AISI 1036 (EN 8) steel for a range of laser beam powers, P, laser beam diameters, D_b, and various heat intensity distributions. Since diffusion during the heat treatment (surface transformation hardening) process is a time dependent phenomenon, based on the literature review, an interaction time of 15 ms was taken as a basis. It is hoped that laser industry with adequate facilities available can validate the thermal analysis and subsequent optimization presented in this paper.     

2007年国内成品油市场需求分析

回顾了2006年1-11月成品油市场消费的特点、生产和进口形势变化,对2007年成品油市场进行了分析与展望,并对相关行业的成品油需求进行了预测.     

氮化硅反应烧结的研究进展

氮化硅作为高温功能陶瓷性能优越，但将其制备成陶瓷零件比较困难，目前一般用反应烧结法制备氮化硅陶瓷零件。此外，反应烧结制备氮化硅陶瓷还具有成本低、烧结温度低、产品成型好、陶瓷高温性能好等优点。综述了氮化硅陶瓷反应烧结工艺流程和工艺的优缺点，着重介绍了氮化硅反应烧结在成型工艺、烧结工艺、原材料影响、后处理和陶瓷增韧等方面所取得的进展。     

纯La及混合稀土镁基储氢合金的性能研究

用共沉淀还原扩散法制备了不同化学计量比的LaMg2Ni9-xCox（x=0．3-6．0）和M／Mg2Ni9-xCox（x=0．3-4．5）稀土镁基储氢电极合金。电化学测试结果表明：制得的合金活化性能良好；在Co含量x逐渐增大的过程中，合金的活化次数没有发生明显的变化，合金的放电容量逐渐减小，合金的循环稳定性逐渐增强。混合稀土合金比纯镧合金的活化次数多、放电量小，但是循环稳定性好。合金结构分析表明，合金主相为MgNi2相和LaNi5相，随着Co含量增加，LaCo5相和LaCo3相含量增加。     

An electrochemical method for the preparation of Mg–Li alloys at low temperature molten salt system

Mg–Li alloys have been prepared by electrolysis in a molten salt electrolyte of 50% LiCl–50% KCl (mass%) at low temperature of 420–510 °C. The effects of electrolytic temperature and cathodic current density on alloy formation rate and current efficiency were studied. For the deposition of metallic lithium on the cathode consisting of solid Mg and liquid Mg–Li, both electrolytic temperature and cathodic current density have no obvious influence on current efficiency; while for the deposition of metallic lithium on the solid magnesium cathode, both electrolytic temperature and cathodic current density greatly affect alloy formation rate and current efficiency. The optimum electrolysis condition is—molten salt mixture, LiCl:KCl = 1:1 (mass%), electrolytic temperature: 480 °C, cathode current density: 1.13 A cm⁻². Mg–Li alloys with low lithium content (about 25 wt% Li) were prepared via electrolysis at low temperature following by thermal treatment at higher temperature.     

磨PCD刀具陶瓷结合剂金刚石砂轮的研究

本文研究制备Na2O-B203-Si02-Al203多元系基玻璃料,并配制成低温陶瓷结合剂,研究发现:耐火度为685℃,流动性为110%～130%,线膨胀系数为5.35×10-6℃-1的低温陶瓷结合剂具有优异的性能.制备的陶瓷结合剂金刚石砂轮在725℃烧成后,磨具的抗弯强度和洛氏硬度达到最佳值,分别58.61 MPa和77.9.用其磨削PCD刀片时锋利性好,磨削中间不需修整,砂轮耐用度高.运用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析了陶瓷结合剂金刚石磨具的断面形貌、磨削后磨削面形貌,表明结合剂对磨粒黏结牢固,断面组织均匀.     

比黄金还贵重的金属

<正>黄金是人类最早使用的一种金属,号称“百金之王”。然而,锎——却是“王中之王”。锎在元素的家族中,不属于天然元素,它是1952年由美国加利福尼亚大学西博格教授在回旋加速器中用原子核做“炸弹”,去袭击超铀元素锔242而制得的。它的原子序数在门捷列夫周期表上为98,属15个锕系金属之一。