控制与通信协同设计的新进展

详尽地论述、分析、对比和讨论了网络化控制系统中的控制与通信协同设计问题．通过对该问题国内外研究现状的分析,强调了控制与通信协同设计研究的必要性、重要性和紧迫性,并着重从通信序列及通信协议两个方面阐述了控制与通信协同设计研究领域存在的不足、现有解决策略及主要结果的分析和对比,从而指出该领域急需解决的科学问题、可能的求解方向和今后的发展趋势,并为将来的研究工作提出了有益的建议和参考思路．     

Amine Coordinated Electron-Rich Palladium Nanoparticles for Electrochemical Hydrogenation of Benzaldehyde

Electrocatalytic hydrogenation (ECH) is a burgeoning strategy for the sustainable utilization of hydrogen. However, how to effectively suppress the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is a big challenge to ECH catalysis. In this study, amine (NH₂ R)-coordinated Pd nanoparticles loaded on carbon felt (Pd@CF) as a catalyst is successfully synthesized by a one-step solvothermal reduction method using oleylamine as the reducing agent. An exceptional ECH reactivity on benzaldehyde is achieved on the optimal Pd@CF catalyst in terms of a high conversion (89.7%) and selectivity toward benzyl alcohol (89.8%) at −0.4 V in 60 min. Notably, the Faradaic efficiency for producing benzyl alcohol is up to 90.2%, much higher than that catalyzed by Pd@CF-without N-group (41.1%) and thecommercial Pd/C (20.9%). The excellent ECH performance of Pd@CF can be attributed to the enriched electrons on Pd surface resulted from the introduction of NH₂ R groups, which strengthens both the adsorption of benzaldehyde and the adsorbed hydrogen (H_ads) on Pd, preventing the combination of H_ads to form H₂, that is, inhibiting the HER. This study gives a new insight into design principles of highly efficient electrocatalysts for the hydrogenation of unsaturated aldehydes molecules.     

Adaptive fixed-time prescribed performance control of vehicular platoons with unknown dead-zone and actuator saturation

This article focuses on the problem of fixed-time prescribed performance platoon control for heterogeneous vehicles with unknown dead-zone and actuator saturation. First, an equivalent transformation is developed to approximate the actuator nonlinearity (i.e., dead-zone and saturation), which reduces the complexity of controller design. Then, to guarantee the tracking errors converge to the predetermined region in the given time, a modified prescribed performance function is presented. Based on this, a novel adaptive sliding mode control scheme is developed in the context of fixed-time theory, which is proved to be capable of ensuring individual vehicle stability and string stability in fixed time. In addition, under the proposed control scheme, the convergence time is independent of initial conditions of the system. Finally, numerical simulations are carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.     

Neural network robust control of a 3-DOF hydraulic manipulator with asymptotic tracking

Multiaxial hydraulic manipulators are complicated systems with highly nonlinear dynamics and various modeling uncertainties, which hinders the development of high-performance controller. In this paper, a neural network feedforward with a robust integral of the sign of the error (RISE) feedback is proposed for high precise tracking control of hydraulic manipulator systems. The established nonlinear model takes three-axis dynamic coupling, hydraulic actuator dynamics, and nonlinear friction effects into consideration. A radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) is synthesized to approximate the uncertain system dynamics and external disturbance, which can greatly reduce the dependence on accurate system model. In addition, a continuous RISE feedback law is judiciously integrated to deal with the residual unknown dynamics. Since the major unknown dynamics can be estimated by the RBFNN and then compensated in the feedforward design, the high-gain feedback issue in RISE feedback control will be avoided. The proposed RISE-based neural network robust controller theoretically guarantees an excellent semi-global asymptotic stability. Comparative simulation is performed on a 3-DOF hydraulic manipulator, and the obtained results verify the effectiveness of the proposed controller.     

基于粗糙集的一体化保障技术属性约简问题研究

一体化保障技术是目前提高复杂武器系统测试和保障能力的研究重点,为解决一体化保障技术中存在的指标冗余问题,结合粗糙集相关理论,提出了基于属性重要性和属性间影响度的约简算法;通过在某型一体化保障设备的柴油发电机子模块中应用该算法,在精简测试指标的同时,保证了较高的测试准确性,缩短了测试时间,验证并说明该理论可以有效地解决一体化保障技术中的指标冗余问题。     

基于确定性测试图形的BIST构建方法

为降低内建自测试(Build-in Self Test,BIST)的测试功耗,提出了一种基于确定性测试图形的内建自测试构建方法:首先采用D算法生成测试所需的测试图形,然后使用粒子群算法对其进行优化,使内建自测试的功耗大幅度降低;文中最后以ISCAS'85Benchmark中的部分电路作为实验对象,并给出了测试图形优化前后的功耗数;实验结果证明该方法能够有效降低内建自测试的测试功耗,并且具有方法简单、无需额外硬件开销的特点.     

智能教学系统中教与学的关联性模式的设计

为了互动过程模型的设计,根据关注点分离的原则,将互动教学的功能从ITS剥离开来.据此,建立了两个引擎模块:智能教学引擎和智能学习引擎,并以此作为构建互动过程模型的基础.然后,结合有关的教育理论,探讨了互动学习模式的构建方式.利用教与学的并行关联或因果关联的规律性形成的关联性模式,给出了教与学互动模式的4种半形式化表示.最后,指出互动过程的实现就是这4种模式相继交替出现所形成的一个序列.因此,完善的ITS不但有助于个性化教学的实施,而且有助于模拟人类教师设计的实现.     

一种障碍空间中不确定对象的连续最近邻查询方法

近年来,基于位置的服务获得了越来越广泛的关注,其中最近邻查询是最常用的一种查询方式.测量手段的不准确性以及数据本身的性质导致不确定性在位置数据中普遍存在,这种不确定性会对最近邻查询结果产生影响.空间中障碍物的存在也给空间数据查询带来了挑战.文中研究存在障碍物的空间中不确定对象连续最近邻查询的处理方法,设计了一种剪枝策略大幅降低需要计算的不确定对象数目,并进一步提出了障碍空间中不确定对象最近邻查询安全区域的概念及安全区域生成算法.设计了安全区域的索引存储方法.实验结果表明,文章所提出的方法具有良好的效率和可扩展性.