Effects of additives on the selectivity of byproducts and dry removal of fluorine for abating tetrafluoromethane in a discharge reactor

The removal efficiency of tetrafluoromethane (CF(4)) was significantly enhanced by adding additives (H(2), O(2), H(2)+O(2), H(2)O) in an atmospheric-pressure microwave plasma reactor. However, large amounts of fluorine (F(2)) were produced in this study. Moreover, the selectivity of F(2) was apparently greater than that of HF (in H(2)-based condition) or COF(2) (in O(2)-based abatement). Notably, in an O(2)-rich environment, more F(2) and a larger amount of CO(2) were produced. Subsequently, F(2) can be effectively removed by reacting with CaO to form CaF(2) at 200 degrees C via an in situ dry, chemical absorption process in the low-temperature afterglow discharge zone within the same plasma reactor.     

Mechanical properties of gradient and multilayered TiAlSiN hard coatings

Multicomponent coatings based on different metallic and non-metallic elements possess the combined benefit of individual components leading to further improvement of coating properties. In this study, monolayered Ti-Al-N, multilayered Ti-Al-N/TiN, gradient Ti-Al-Si-N, and multilayered Ti-Al-Si-N/TiN coatings were synthesized by using a cathodic-arc evaporation (CAE) system. In addition to Ti, Ti₃₃Al₆₇ and Al₈₈Si₁₂ cathodes were used for the deposition of Ti-Al-N, and Ti-Al-Si-N coatings, respectively. The gradient Ti_0.50Al_0.43Si_0.07N, and multilayered Ti_0.50Al_0.43Si_0.07N/TiN with nanograins separated by disordered grain boundaries possessed lower residual stress (− 2.8 ~ − 4.8 GPa) than that of monolayered Ti-Al-N (− 6.8 GPa) and multilayered Ti-Al-N/TiN coatings (− 5.7 GPa). The highest hardness was obtained for the gradient Ti_0.50Al_0.43Si_0.07N (38 ± 2 GPa) with Ti/(Ti + Al + Si) content ratio being 0.5. On the contrary, the multilayered Ti_0.50Al_0.43Si_0.07N/TiN possessed the highest H³/E^?2 ratio of 0.182 ± 0.003 GPa, indicating the best resistance to plastic deformation, among the studied coatings.     

Removal of COD from laundry wastewater by electrocoagulation/electroflotation

The removal efficiency of COD in the treatment of simulated laundry wastewater using electrocoagulation/electroflotation technology is described. The experimental results showed that the removal efficiency was better, reaching to about 62%, when applying ultrasound to the electrocoagulation cell. The solution pH approached neutrality in all experimental runs. The optimal removal efficiency of COD was obtained by using the applied voltage of 5V when considering the energy efficiency and the acceptable removal efficiency simultaneously. The Cl(-) concentration of less than 2500ppm had a positive effect on the removal efficiency. The performance of the monopolar connection of electrodes was better than that of the bipolar connection in this work. In addition, the removal efficiency of using Al electrodes was higher in comparison with using Fe electrodes in the study. The highest COD removal amount per joule was found to be 999mgdm(-3)kWh(-1) while using two Al electrodes, although the removal efficiency increased with the number of Al plates.     

大豆蛋白/聚丙烯腈纤维的研制Ⅲ.大豆蛋白/聚丙烯腈溶液的流变性

研究了浓度和温度对大豆蛋白/聚丙烯腈共混溶液的流动曲线、非牛顿指数、结构黏度指数的影响,指出随着大豆蛋白含量的增加和温度的提高,共混溶液更接近牛顿流体,可纺性变好。     

Sub-50 nm P-channel FinFET

High-performance PMOSFETs with sub-50-nm gate-length are reported. A self-aligned double-gate MOSFET structure (FinFET) is used to suppress the short-channel effects. This vertical double-gate SOI MOSFET features: 1) a transistor channel which is formed on the vertical surfaces of an ultrathin Si fin and controlled by gate electrodes formed on both sides of the fin; 2) two gates which are self-aligned to each other and to the source/drain (S/D) regions; 3) raised S/D regions; and 4) a short (50 nm) Si fin to maintain quasi-planar topology for ease of fabrication. The 45-nm gate-length p-channel FinFET showed an I_dsat of 820 μA/μm at V_ds=V_gs=1.2 V and T _ox=2.5 mm. Devices showed good performance down to a gate-length of 18 nm. Excellent short-channel behavior was observed. The fin thickness (corresponding to twice the body thickness) is found to be critical for suppressing the short-channel effects. Simulations indicate that the FinFET structure can work down to 10 nm gate length. Thus, the FinFET is a very promising structure for scaling CMOS beyond 50 nm     

Performance evaluation of random power capture on mobile communications

Power assignment schemes are man‐made methods to enhance the capture effect of radio communications. In a previous study, Wen and Yang investigated the combined capture effect of the fixed power assignment scheme, Rayleigh fading, and near–far effect on the performance of packet radios. The performance analysis was limited to an infinite population environment. This assumption is reasonable for a conventional packet radio system with a vast service area. However, for a cellular mobile system, a finite population model should be used. In this paper, we analyse the combined natural and man‐made capture effect on the performance of a cellular system with finite population in each cell. A random power assignment scheme is adopted to produce the man‐made capture. The system throughput and delay are carried out by a Markov model. Some numerical calculations are used to demonstrate the degree of performance improvement. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Performance evaluation of LIBTA/hybrid time‐slot selection algorithm for cellular systems

This paper studies the performance of radio assignment algorithms for portable access in cellular systems. Several channel access procedures are proposed and simulated using block oriented network simulator (BONeS) simulation of a model 36‐port system. Simulation results exhibit that load‐sharing system with LIBTA algorithm is better than directed retry system with the same algorithm by around 0.9 erlangs while better than quasi‐fixed channel assignment (QFCA) system by around 2 erlangs if the grade of service (GOS) is constrained to less than 10 per cent. Plus, a hybrid time‐slot selection procedure is proposed to enhance the system performance. It is observed that systems with hybrid time‐slot selection perform better than those with LIBTA algorithm in GOS under heavy load. It is also observed that load sharing system with hybrid time‐slot selection algorithm is better than directed retry system with the same algorithm by around 0.7 erlangs and better than QFCA system by around 2 erlangs. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Intelligent energy-saving operation of wheel loader based on identifiable materials

Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology - This study applies image recognition technology to the shovel loading operation of a wheel loader for the first time. In the proposed method, the...     

Texture analysis and classification with tree-structured wavelettransform

A multiresolution approach based on a modified wavelet transform called the tree-structured wavelet transform or wavelet packets is proposed. The development of this transform is motivated by the observation that a large class of natural textures can be modeled as quasi-periodic signals whose dominant frequencies are located in the middle frequency channels. With the transform, it is possible to zoom into any desired frequency channels for further decomposition. In contrast, the conventional pyramid-structured wavelet transform performs further decomposition in low-frequency channels. A progressive texture classification algorithm which is not only computationally attractive but also has excellent performance is developed. The performance of the present method is compared with that of several other methods.     

激光光斑探测系统软件设计与分析

对激光光斑探测系统构成和光斑探测原理进行分析研究。在激光光斑探测系统软件设计中对图像采集控制和图像显示提出了全新的控制手段和设计思路,并对激光光斑采集软件和图像处理软件进行了详细设计说明,在图像处理软件设计中运用了一种激光光斑能量分布的三维伪彩色可视化方法,更加清晰反应光斑的不同区域能量分布的相对大小和位置。