硅/硅直接键合的界面杂质

用SIMS和扩展电阻测试研究了常规p~+/n和n~+/n硅/硅键合界面的杂质O,H,C,N,Fe,Ni以及掺杂原子B,P的行为。经1 100℃ 1小时键合后,界面的H消失;O,C,N稳定;重金属杂质Fe,Ni仍在界面附近;掺杂原子B,P的扩散小于2μm。     

Array designs for amplitude and phase control of millimeter-wave beams

New array design concepts are described for the phase and amplitude control of millimeter and submillimeter-wave beams. Phase shifter array designs providing increased phase range and wider bandwidth are described. Techniques involving the integration of gain-producing elements as well as tuning elements on a single array are proposed for application to high-performance beam control and beam shaping. These concepts should facilitate the further development of quasi-optical solid state device-based arrays for application to millimeter-wave electronic systems.     

高稳定Ka波段微带耿氏振荡器

报道了一种使用介质谐振器稳频的高性能和高稳定的Ka波段全微带GaAs Gunn振荡器。在33GHz下,输出功率高达170mW,频率稳定度为9.7ppm/℃。     

Equalization issues in multicarrier transmission using filter banks

In multicarrier data transmission using filter banks, adaptive equalizers can be introduced in the receiver in every subchannel, to achieve high bit rates. Following conventional data transmission techniques, two approaches can be envisaged, namely the double sampling equalizer and the critical sampling equalizer. Both schemes are discussed and assessed in the present paper, in the multicarrier context. Estimations are given for the lengths of the equalizers as a function of the channel distortion and of the roll-off factor of the prototype filter in the receiver filter bank. The importance of the roll-off factor is stressed, since it controls the computational complexity of the system. Simulation results associated with two channel models are given to support the theoretical analysis. They show that the critical sampling approach has an advantage in computation rate over the double sampling scheme, when the prototype filter roll-off is above 0.5 and when the mean square output error is the performance criterion and no timing offset is introduced.     

DCS在网状自愈网中的应用

随着通信网向综合化，智能化的发展，自愈在网络中占有越来越重要的地位。本文首先介绍了利用ＤＣＳ的重构能力在ＳＤＨ网状自愈网中的应用，然后分析了ＳＤＨ－ＤＣＳ设备影响自愈时间的几个因素，最后提出了利用ＡＴＭ－ＶＰＸ在ＡＴＭ层实现了自愈功能。     

Power Doppler ultrasound evaluation of the shear rate and shearstress dependences of red blood cell aggregation

The use of power Doppler ultrasound at 10 MHz is evaluated as a method to study the shear rate and the shear stress dependences of red blood cell aggregation. This evaluation was based on 6 in vitro experiments conducted in a 1.27-cm diameter tube under steady flow conditions. Porcine whole blood was circulated in the flow model at flow rates ranging between 125 to 1500 ml/min (mean shear rate across the tube ranging between 6 and 74 s^-1). For each flow condition, the variation of the Doppler power across the tube and the velocity profile were measured by moving the Doppler sample volume across the tube diameter. For each radial position, the shear rate within the Doppler sample volume was also determined by considering the radial power pattern of the ultrasound beam. To estimate the shear stress within the Doppler sample volume, the apparent viscosity of blood samples withdrawn from the flow model was measured for each experiment. The variation of the Doppler power as a function of the shear rate within the sample volume showed a rapid reduction of the power between 1 and 5 s^-1, a transition region between 5 and 10 s^-1, and a very slow reduction beyond 10 s^-1. Little variation of the Doppler power was measured for shear stress higher than 2 dyn/cm. The maximum Doppler power for all flow rates was usually found near the center of the tube. Based on the ultrasonic scattering models, which predict that the Doppler power is related to the volume square of the scatterers, the method described in the present study showed a very high sensitivity to the presence of red blood cell aggregation for shear rates below 10 s^-1     

夏热冬冷地区"双层皮"玻璃幕墙节能技术研究

玻璃幕墙是影响到建筑能耗的关键部位。本文分析了传统玻璃幕墙的弊端;通过玻璃幕墙的耗能计算公式说明影响玻璃幕墙耗能的相关因素;阐述了适合夏热冬冷地区的节能型玻璃幕墙—“双层皮”玻璃幕墙的构造和节能原理;通过实验验证了“双层皮”玻璃幕墙比传统的“单层皮”玻璃幕墙具有更佳的热工性能,其节能效果与通风和遮阳构造设计等有关。     

考虑可再生性的全生命周期净能源成本评估方法研究

提出了一个新的考虑燃料可再生性的净能源成本指标。这一指标将燃料的净能源产出、气态污染物排放外部成本、生命周期成本和能源可再生性综合成一个统一的指标，燃料指标值越低表明燃料的总体表现越好。运用该指标对木薯乙醇——汽油混合燃料和传统汽油燃料分别进行了评估。结果表明与分别评价燃料的净能源产出、生命周期成本、排放和可再生性指标比较，为考虑燃料的可再生性的全生命周期净能源成本指标提供了一个区别燃料优劣的有力手段。     

Hydrogeochemistry and groundwater circulation in the Xi’an geothermal field, China

Geothermal waters from the Tertiary aquifers located at 1000–3000 m beneath Xi’an city, Shaanxi Province, China, show unique isotopic composition as compared to local groundwaters from shallower Quaternary aquifers. Positive oxygen shifts of as much as 8‰ VSMOW are observed, while the corresponding δ²H values remain essentially constant at about −80‰ VSMOW, which is significantly different from those of waters in the Quaternary aquifers with a mean δ²H value of −60‰ VSMOW. The strong ¹⁸O shift is a result of isotope exchange between geothermal water and carbonate minerals such as calcite over a residence time of several thousand years up to 30,000 years, based on ¹⁴C dating. A comparison of the isotopic composition of geothermal waters with neighbouring groundwater units on both sides of the Guanzhong Basin indicates that the geothermal reservoirs are recharged by rain that falls on the northern slope of the Qinling Mountains, south of the Xi’an geothermal field, but not from the North Mountains to the north of the field. Based on chemical geothermometers the highest temperature estimated for the Tertiary aquifers of the Xi’an area is around 130 °C.     

Theoretical study on impingement heat transfer with single-phase free-surface slot jets

A theoretical analysis was conducted to characterize heat transfers from horizontal surfaces to normally impinging slot jets under arbitrary-heat-flux condition. The thermal and hydraulic boundary layers of laminar flow were divided into four regions of flow along heat transfer surfaces including a stagnation zone and three wall jet zones, from which general expressions of heat transfer coefficients were obtained. Furthermore, these results were compared with experimental and analytical data available in published literature. Good agreements were observed from the comparisons.