碲镉汞光伏二极管的电流与结深研究

采用Sentaurus TCAD 软件对 n-on-p型Hg1-xCdxTe红外探测器的结构进行了建模,并就结深对光伏二极管电流的影响进行了仿真和分析。结果表明,结深对电流的影响受吸收层厚度和p区载流子浓度两方面的作用。对不同波长二极管的电流随结深的变化情况进行了拟合,得出了不同波长条件下电流达到最大值时的结深大小。     

All-Visible-Light Triggered Photoswitch of Dithienylethene Derivatives with Molecular Conformation Changes Excess 5 Å

Developing new all-visible-light driven fluorescent molecular switches has attracted much interests due to their important application prospects in materials science and life science. Herein, three novel all-visible-light triggered fluorescent molecular photoswitches ( 2P3 , 4F , and 4Cl ) are designed and prepared, which are realized by prolonging π-conjugation length with aggregated-induced emission units. These photoswitches show reversible photochromic and fluorescent switching in dilute solutions and films under 420 nm and 560 nm irradiations. Meanwhile, upon alternating irradiations with 450 nm/560 nm light, effective photochromic and fluorescent switching in powder states are also achieved. More interestingly, two distinct conformations with different photochromic abilities can be altered by solvents polarity. The size difference of the two conformations is over 5 Å in the vertical direction which is one of the largest changes among photochromic molecules based on dithienylethene. The accompanying conformational changes are analysed to understand the relationship between solvent characteristics and crystal structure, as well as the intermolecular interaction in solid state for all-visible-light triggered photoswitching molecules.     

Creating Atomic Ordering in Electrocatalysis

Catalysis always proceeds in a chaotic fashion. Therefore, identifying the working principles of heterogeneous catalysts is a challenging task. Creating atomic order in heterogeneous catalysts simplifies this task and also offers new opportunities for rationally designing active sites to manipulate catalytic performance. The recent rapid advances in heterogeneous electrocatalysis have led to exciting progress in the construction of atomically ordered materials. Here, the latest progress in electrocatalysts with the periodic atomic arrangement, including intermetallic compounds with long-range order and metal atom-array catalysts with short-range order is summarized. The synthesis principles and the intriguing physical and chemical properties of these electrocatalysts are discussed. Furthermore, the compelling prospects of atomically ordered catalysts in the frontier of catalyst research are outlined.     

Toward Forty Thousand-Cycle Aqueous Zinc-Iodine Battery: Simultaneously Inhibiting Polyiodides Shuttle and Stabilizing Zinc Anode through a Suspension Electrolyte

Aqueous zinc-iodine (Zn-I₂) batteries are promising candidates for grid-scale energy storage due to their safety and cost-effectiveness. However, the shuttle effect of polyiodides, Zn corrosion, and accumulation of by-products restrict their applications. Herein, a simple vermiculite nanosheets (VS) suspension electrolyte is designed for simultaneous confinement of polyiodides and stabilization of Zn anode. It is found that the generation of I₅⁻ as dominant intermediate and the precipitation reaction between I₅⁻ and alkaline by-products should cause irreversible iodine species loss. Benefiting from the high binding energy between polyiodides and silica-oxygen bonds of VS, dissolved polyiodides are effectively anchored on the surface of VS suspended in the bulk electrolyte to suppress the shuttle effect, which is confirmed by in situ Raman, Ultraviolet-visible characterizations and theoretical calculations. Furthermore, the self-assembly VS interfacial layer on the surface of Zn anode hinders side reactions induced by polyiodides. Meanwhile, the interlayer and surface excess negative charges of VS tend to be compensated by Zn²⁺ from diffuse layer, which serves as ion accelerators for transferring Zn²⁺ at the interface immediately, rendering dendrite-free Zn plating/stripping behavior. Consequently, the Zn-I₂ battery with VS electrolyte achieves an ultra-long lifespan of 40000 cycles with a negligible capacity decay at 20 C.     

Photothermal Heating-Assisted Superior Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activity of High-Entropy-Alloy Nanoparticles

Antibacterial elements and non-contact heating abilities have been proven effective for antibacterial and antibiofilm activities, but it remains a challenge to integrate both within one material. Herein, assisted by the high-entropy effect, FeNiTiCrMnCu_x high-entropy alloy nanoparticles (HEA-NPs) with excellent photothermal heating properties for boosting antibacterial and antibiofilm performances are synthesized. Benefitting from the synergetic effect of copper ions released and thermal damage by the HEA-NPs, more reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated, leading to the rupture of the cell membranes and the eradication of the biofilms. As a result, the antibiofilm efficiency (400 µg mL⁻¹) of the mostly optimized FeNiTiCrMnCu_1.0 HEA-NPs in the marine nutrient medium, which is the worst-case scenario for the antimicrobial material, can be improved from 81% to 97.4% under 30 min solar irradiation (1 sun). The present study demonstrates a new strategy for effectively treating marine microorganisms that cause biofouling and microbial corrosion using HEA-NPs with photothermal heating characteristics as an antibacterial auxiliary.     

Ultraefficient Non-Doped Deep Blue Fluorescent OLED: Achieving a High EQE of 10.17% at 1000 cd m−2 with CIEy<0.08

The pursuit for efficient deep blue material is an ever-increasing issue in organic optoelectronics field. It is a long-standing challenge to achieve high external quantum efficiency (EQE) exceed 10% at brightness of 1000 cd m⁻² with a Commission International de L'Eclairage (CIE_y) <0.08 in non-doped organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Herein, this study reports a deep blue luminogen, PPITPh, by bonding phenanthro[9,10-d]imidazole moiety with m-terphenyl group via benzene bridge. The non-doped OLED based on PPITPh exhibits an exceptionally high EQE of 11.83% with a CIE coordinate of (0.15, 0.07). The EQE still maintains 10.17% at the brightness of 1000 cd m⁻², and even at a brightness as high as 10000 cd m⁻², an EQE of 7.5% is still remained, representing the record-high result among non-doped deep-blue OLEDs at 1000 cd m⁻². The unprecedented device performance is attributed to the reversed intersystem crossing process through hot exciton mechanism. Besides, the maximum EQE of orange phosphorescent OLED with PPITPh as host is 32.02%, and remains 31.17% at the brightness of 1000 cd m⁻². Such minimal efficiency roll-off demonstrates that PPITPh is also an excellent phosphorescent host material. The result offers a new design strategy for the enrichment of high-efficiency deep blue luminogen.     

对某自动机双路供弹机的分析

以某双路供弹机为研究对象，分析了火药燃气驱动、弹链供弹、横向移动式双路供弹机的工作原理和结构特点，通过对计算结果的分析得出，扭簧是供弹机构中不可缺少的构件，并对供弹方式提出了改进建议。     

混凝土靶中侵彻深度的相似性研究

引入弹头性能参数,采用量纲分析方法,对射弹侵彻混凝土靶的深度进行了分析,得到了无量纲侵彻深度与无量纲侵彻初始速度基本成线性的关系.另一方面,利用轻气炮对素混凝土靶和钢纤维混凝土靶进行了侵彻试验,测量了射弹的击靶速度和侵彻深度.试验结果表明,不同弹头形状射弹侵彻素混凝土靶和钢纤维混凝土靶的无量纲侵彻深度与无量纲速度近似成线性关系.     

一种操控设备的多接口冗余设计技术

近年来,电子信息技术不断发展,设备与设备之间的信息传递方式也在不断地改进,目前比较流行的接口类型包括RS232、RS422、IISB2．0等多种类型,操控设备作为一种人机接口设备。应用范同广泛,可与多种接口对接。为了适应这种现状的需要,提高设备通用性。该文提出一种多接口冗余设计技术,适应不同场合的需要,操控设备可与多种接口设备对接。经过测试验证并在某型号系统上试用,证明其操控灵活接口应用方便,符合设计的要求。     

新疆啤酒花重要品种和一个新品种的成分分析及品质评价

对新疆啤酒花中最重要的 3个品种 (青岛大花、麒麟丰绿、余乐比特 )及一个新培育的品种阜北 -1进行了化学成分及储存性能研究 ,同时与国外引种的 3个优良品种 (马可波罗、努革特及札一 )进行比较。结果表明 :新疆的青岛大花、麒麟丰绿是 α-酸含量中低的苦型花 ,合草酮都占总α-酸的 4 0 %以上 ,酿造品质一般 ;余乐比特和新品种阜北 -1是香型花 ,合草酮分别占总 α-酸的 2 2 .70 %和 3 0 .73 % ,酿造品质较佳 ,酒花油有香型花特点 ;引种的马可波罗和努革特是高α-酸的苦型花 ,札一是香型花 ,它们都保持了原花的优良性能 ;上述 7种啤酒花储存 1 0 0 d后 ,α-酸损失在 8%～ 1 4% ,故不宜久放 ,应尽快加工。