均匀设计在美拉德反应研究中的应用

均匀设计是一种应用于多因素、多水平实验研究的好方法。本文利用均匀实验设计对谷氨酸与葡萄糖的美拉德反应进行研究,建立了几种重要的影响因素及美拉德反应程度之间的关系。     

含乙酸木素复合型聚氨酯材料的合成及其性能研究

对以乙酸木素(AL)为原料合成复合聚氨酯材料的方法及其特性进行了研究和探索。对乙酸法制浆废液的木素进行了提取和纯化,并采用红外光谱和GPC研究了乙酸木素的结构和分子质量。以乙酸木素代替部分聚乙二醇合成了AL-TDI-PEG复合聚氨酯,并对其进行了拉伸强度、最大伸长率、DSC和TGA热性能的测定和红外光谱分析,而且也对木素用量和这些物理性能之问的规律进行了研究和探索。实验结果表明,木素-TDI-PEG复合PU片具有较好的拉伸强度、伸长率和耐热性。当木素用量为20％时,强度达到最大,而超过20％时,强度有所降低,说明乙酸木素的加入对PU的强度有一定的影响。     

中国泡花碱产业中氧气燃烧技术的应用与前景

泡花碱既是各种无机硅化物产品的原料,又是具有多种用途的终端产品。近几年国民经济各行业迅猛发展,对其需求量增加,出口量也在增大,刺激了泡花碱产业的发展膨胀。氧气燃烧技术是泡花碱产业新的突破点。氧气燃烧技术就是把“空气─燃料燃烧”过程变成“氧气─燃料燃烧”过程,称之为“氧气─燃料”燃烧,大大减少高温烟气量。目前“氧气燃烧”技术有3种基本方法:全氧燃烧、纯氧助燃和富氧燃烧。     

电子陶瓷材料在多芯片组件(MCM)中的应用

论述了电子陶瓷在多芯片组件（MCM）中的应用、性能要求及优点。重，最叙述低温共烧陶瓷基板技术以及A1N陶瓷基板材料的合成与优异性能。     

表面改性对剑麻纤维复合材料热性能的影响

用不同表面改性剂改性后的剑麻纤维(SF)制备SF酚醛树脂(PF)复合材料。采用热失重分析法(TGA)和差示扫描量热法(DSC)分析手段研究表而改性后SF及其复合材料热性能的变化．并借助偏光显微镜(POM)观察SF的表面形态，借助扫描电镜(SEM)观察复合体系的冲击断面。结果表明．用高锰酸钾(KMnO3)对SF进行表面改性后．SF的形态结构发生了改变，复合材料的界面性质有所改善．SFPF复合材料的热分解温度提高了30℃其他改性方法也不同程度地提高了复合材料的热稳定性     

壳聚糖絮凝剂处理水源水中有机物的试验研究

研究了壳聚糖絮凝剂的絮凝特性,进行了壳聚糖絮凝剂跟无机絮凝剂复合絮凝对水源水中浊度和有机物去除的试验。实验结果表明,复合絮凝能够相互促进各自的絮凝性能,显著提高有机物的去除效果,并使除浊和去除有机物得到了统一。在壳聚糖絮凝剂分别与三种常用无机絮凝剂(硫酸铝、氯化铁和聚合铝铁)的复合絮凝的效果的实验表明,其中聚合铝铁跟壳聚糖的复合絮凝剂的效果最好,在最佳条件下,其浊度、CODMn和UV254的去除率分别达到了97％、44％和55％。     

B型活性染料对大豆蛋白质纤维的染色工艺研究

用B-型活性染料对大豆蛋白质纤维进行染色。研究了染色过程中温度、盐类、碱剂、浴比等诸因素对染色效果的影响,优选出最佳方案。研究结果表明:B-型活性染料用于大豆蛋白质纤维染色具有很好的得深性,鲜艳度和染色牢度,是大豆蛋白质纤维染色用的首选染料。     

陶瓷磨光弧面板的开发与应用

研究了陶瓷板材在各种温度及压力下产生的应力、应变与板材断裂之间的关系和规律,提出了陶瓷板材的弯曲方法,研制各种专用试验、生产设备,将成品陶瓷平板加工成为园柱板、弧面、球面、圆锥面、双曲面等各种曲面板.     

A Synergistic Low-Toxicity Gelcasting System by Using HEMA and PVP

A new low-toxicity gelcasting system with a 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) monomer was applied for casting of alumina ceramics. Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) was adopted for modifying the homogeneity of the PHEMA (poly-HEMA) gel. The rheological properties of alumina suspension in the HEMA–PVP premix solution were studied. After preparation of a concentrated alumina suspension, homogenous alumina green body with a relatively high strength of about 19 MPa could be formed through the PVP-modified HEMA system. Dense complex-shaped ceramic parts can be successfully produced through the system. Besides, the surface exfoliation phenomenon that seems inherent to the acrylamide gelcasting system could also be eliminated by using the PVP-modified HEMA system. Analysis of the interaction of HEMA and PVP suggested that the improved microstructure and strength homogeneity, as well as the elimination of surface exfoliation in the new system, should be attributed to the intermolecular hydrogen bonding formed between PHEMA and PVP molecules.     

Carbon-encapsulated Fe nanoparticles from detonation-induced pyrolysis of ferrocene

Carbon-encapsulated Fe nanoparticles with size between 5 and 20 nm were synthesized via a picric acid-detonation-induced pyrolysis of ferrocene, which is characterized by a self-heating and extremely fast process. The nanoparticles exhibit well-constructed core-shell structures, with bcc-Fe cores and graphitic shells. The graphitic shells can protect effectively the cores against the attack of HNO₃ solution. The formation of the core-shell nanoparticles can be selectively controlled by adjusting the composition of the picric acid-ferrocene mixture, which determines C/Fe atomic ratio of the reaction system. The core-shell nanoparticles are preferably formed at low C/Fe atomic ratios, while tubular structures are formed at high C/Fe ratio. The possible pathway for the carbon-encapsulated Fe nanoparticles formation is discussed briefly.