Rheological properties of a hydrophobically modified anionic polymer: Effect of varying salinity and amount of hydrophobic moieties

Hydrophobically modified polyelectrolytes have been suggested as an alternative to the more commonly used polyelectrolytes in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) applications involving polymers. Compared to regular polyelectrolytes, the hydrophobically modified polyelectrolytes are known to be more stable at high salinities. In this study, we have investigated the influence of brine salinity and ionic composition for a series of six hydrophobically modified polyelectrolytes with the same polymer backbone, but with an increasing average number of hydrophobic groups per polymer molecule. Polymer characterization has been performed using a combination of steady‐state shear viscosity and dynamic oscillatory measurements. Hydrophobic interactions leading to a change in rheological properties was only observed above a threshold value for the concentration of hydrophobe. At the threshold value, salt‐induced hydrophobic interactions were observed. For higher concentrations of hydrophobe, high salinity solutions showed one order of magnitude increase in viscosity compared to the polymer without hydrophobic groups. This could partly be explained by an increase in elasticity. These findings have important implications for polymer selection for EOR. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43520.     

浅谈喷雾在矿山通风除尘中的应用

针对矿山井下尘源及特点,结合矿山原有的通风系统进行风网改造,采用喷雾进行井下通风除尘。     

井下矿安全管理的新模式

我国多数大中型矿山已经转入井下生产,安全问题一直倍受人们的关注.通常的安全管理均由单位的安全部门专门负责检查、监督.这样的安全管理有着自身的弊端,要想搞好井下安全生产,必须做到安全职能部门与各类专业技术管理人员齐抓共管,才能达到安全生产的真正目的.     

Effect of various additives to marinating baths on some properties of cattle meat

Longissimus dorsi (LD) muscles obtained from young bull carcasses (Holstein Friesian) were marinated, using solutions containing 0.5% sodium tripolyphosphate (STP), 0.5% dicalciumhydrogen phosphate (CHP) and 0.5% citric acid (CA). All solutions, including a blank, contained 2% NaCl. Expressible moisture, cooking loss, marinade uptake, area gain (increase in slice size), colour coordinate values (L*, a*, b*), marinade and meat pH, and the textural properties of samples were evaluated. Marinating with STP and CHP solutions resulted lower cooking losses. Marinade uptake and area gain were lower for control steaks and steaks marinated with the CA solution. The highest lightness was found in steaks marinated with the CA solution. Steaks marinated with STP and CHP solutions were darker. The CA solution resulted in yellowness of steaks. All treatments significantly affected hardness, chewiness and resilience values of steaks. The lowest hardness value was found in steaks marinated with CA. STP and CHP treatments also improved tenderness.     

漆酶在染整加工中的应用

介绍了漆酶的理化性能和催化机理,综合评述了漆酶在纺织纤维改性、漂白、水洗后处理及染色废水脱色中的应用。漆酶应用于染色织物皂洗过程中,不仅能有效降低污水的色度值,进行自清洁处理,减轻印染污水处理的负担,同时又可取代常规的皂洗剂,去除浮色,提高织物的色牢度,有利于纺织品清洁生产和节能减排。     

A comparison of selected quality features of the tissue and slaughter yield of wild and cultivated pikeperch<Emphasis Type="Italic"> Sander lucioperca</Emphasis> (L.)

The study focused on the comparison of carcass and fillet yields, fillet color, the content of basic components, and the fatty acid composition of tissue from cultivated and wild pikeperch. There was no variation in yield between carcasses and fillets. The brightness and redness of the color of the fillet surfaces of both types of fish were comparable, although the yellowness, chromaticity and shade of color differed. The tissue of cultivated fish had three times more fat (2.87%) than did that of wild fish; the difference was compensated for by water content. The protein and mineral component contents did not vary significantly. The total levels of saturated and monounsaturated acids in the tissue lipids in 1 g of fat varied. No differences were observed between the total amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), PUFAn-3, PUFAn-6, or in the n-3/n-6 proportion. One consequence of the higher fat content in cultivated pikeperch tissue was that the contents of eicosapentaenoic (EPA; 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic (DHA; 22:6n-3) acids per 100 g of fillet were significantly higher than in the tissue of wild pikeperch.     

圆柱滚子轴承外圈轴向温度分布研究

以圆柱滚子轴承为研究对象,建立了轴承外圈滚道的局部传热模型,用热流网络法分析了轴承外圈的轴向温度分布情况。通过算例分析了不同工况对外圈轴向温度分布的影响,结果显示轴承外圈温度随着转速和载荷的增大而增大,外圈表面温度沿轴向分布相差不大。