Comparative pyrolysis of polyolefins (PP and LDPE) and PET

In the present study, thermal degradation of polyolefins (PP and LDPE) and PET in a tubular reactor in an inert atmosphere was conducted. Each polymer was subjected to pyrolysis at the temperatures of 673, 773, 873, and 973 K. Yields of tar, residual coke and gas, and conversion degrees were calculated. Tars which include valuable chemicals were characterized by GC–MS, ¹H-NMR, FTIR, and GPC. Pyrolysis gases (C1 + C2, C3, C4, C5, and C6 + C7) were also analyzed by GC analysis. From the comparison of data, it can be said that pyrolysis of PP and LDPE leads to the formation of tar containing mainly paraffinic structures, while aromatic structures were produced by the pyrolysis of PET.     

Ständererdschlussschutz mit 3. Harmonischer — Messungen in einem Kraftwerk

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Matrix assignment with individual weights and selected controller restrictions

The design method of matrix assignment as a generalization of pole assignment is extended with some special features. Overstepping the optimal solution given by the Penrose point could be needed in the case of unstable plants. Individual weighting of the coefficient matrix differences is carried out and oriented on the numerical importance of the settings. Individual restrictions of the controller matrix are also included and are based on the given deterioration of state variables with noise. The paper also addresses minimum values of the controller norm which are located between singular values of the input matrix of the system.     

Modellierung des technischen Wahrnehmungsbewusstseins für den Bereich Home Automation

The OSI model and the system of profiles defined for various branches are the most important models for describing the communication of technical units in the area of home automation. But they are not enough for describing complex expiry scenarios in houses and buildings as a whole. The following paper presents such a model, which is presently being realized in the Smart Kitchen project. In doing so we will be able to cover, amongst other things, aspects like reliability, availability, maintainability, interoperability and profitability. Several institutes are involved in this project.     

Interband Model Scenario of Cuprate Superconductivity

A multiband approach for hole- and electron-doped cuprate superconductors is developed. The model electron spectrum includes nodal and antinodal defect (polaronic) subbands created by doping. Bare gaps between itinerant and defect subbands close with extended doping. The overlap conditions determine phase diagram special points. There are analogies for both types of doping despite the activation of different sublattices. Illustrative calculations have given self-consistent results reproducing qualitatively doping dependences of T _c , superconducting gaps and pseudogaps, supercarrier density and effective mass, coherence length and penetration depth, etc. Interband pairing scenario is suggested to be an essential aspect of cuprate superconductivity. This work was supported by the Estonian Science Foundation grant No. 7296.     

Persönliches

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

A knowledge-based scheduling system for Emergency Departments

A knowledge-based reactive scheduling system is proposed to answer the requirements of Emergency Departments (EDs). The algorithm includes detailed patient priority, arrival time, flow time and doctor load. The main aim is to determine the patients who have higher priorities initially, and then minimize their waiting times. To achieve this aim, physicians and the other related workers can use an interactive system. In this study, we evaluated the existing system by comparing the proposed system. Also, reactive scheduling cases were evaluated for some items such as decreasing the number of doctors, changing durations and entering of an urgent patient to the system. All experiments were performed with proposed algorithm and right shift rescheduling approach.     

Least‐squares‐based adaptive target localization by mobile distance measurement sensors

A least‐squares‐based adaptive algorithm with forgetting factor is proposed for localization of a target by a mobile distance measurement sensor. This problem, in its most general form, was tackled in a recent paper using a gradient adaptive algorithm, assuming distance measurements are directly available. We establish that the proposed algorithm bears the same stability and convergence properties as the gradient algorithm previously studied. It is demonstrated via simulations that the proposed algorithm converges significantly faster to the location estimates than the gradient algorithm for high forgetting factor values and significantly reduces the noise effects for small values of the forgetting factor. Furthermore, a more challenging form of the original problem is considered, where distance information is required to be deduced from time of flight measurements, considering a time of flight‐based active distance measurement sensor and an environment with unknown signal permittivity/speed; the proposed algorithm is redesigned to solve this problem. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.