Amination of biochar surface from watermelon peel for toxic chromium removal enhancement

Watermelon peel residues were used to produce a new biochar by dehydration method. The new biochar has undergone two methods of chemical modification and the effect of this chemical modification on its ability to adsorb Cr(VI) ions from aqueous solution has been investigated. Three biochars, Melon-B, Melon-BO-NH_2 and Melon-BO-TETA, were made from watermelon peel via dehydration with 50% sulfuric acid to give Melon-B followed by oxidation with ozone and amination using ammonium hydroxide to give Melon-BO-NH_2 or Triethylenetetramine(TETA) to give Melon-BO-TETA. The prepared biochars were characterized by BET, BJH,SEM, FT-IR, TGA, DSC and EDAX analyses. The highest removal percentage of Cr(VI) ions was 69% for Melon-B,98% for Melon-BO-NH_2 and 99% for Melon-BO-TETA biochars of 100 mg·L~(-1) Cr(VI) ions initial concentration and 1.0 g·L~(-1) adsorbents dose. The unmodified biochar(Melon-B) and modified biochars(Melon-BO-NH_2 and Melon-BO-TETA) had maximum adsorption capacities(Qm) of 72.46, 123.46, and 333.33 mg·g~(-1), respectively.The amination of biochar reduced the pore size of modified biochar, whereas the surface area was enhanced.The obtained data of isotherm models were tested using different error function equations. The Freundlich,Tempkin and Langmuir isotherm models were best fitted to the experimental data of Melon-B, Melon-BO-NH_2 and Melon-BO-TETA, respectively. The adsorption rate was primarily controlled by pseudo-second–order rate model. Conclusively, the functional groups interactions are important for adsorption mechanisms and expected to control the adsorption process. The adsorption for the Melon-B, Melon-BO-NH_2 and Melon-BO-TETA could be explained for acid–base interaction and hydrogen bonding interaction.     

基于体验式购物下的商业建筑人流动线研究——以昆明同德广场为例

在信息时代下,互联网越来越普及,网上购物逐渐成为了主流的消费方式,这对传统的实体商业模式造成了前所未有的巨大的冲击。规模庞大、功能丰富多元化的大型体验式商业建筑成为了实体商业发展的必然趋势。当商业建筑的区位与出入口等条件确定后,内部人流动线就成为了商业建筑能否运营成功的关键性因素。所以设计出合理的人流动线对商业建筑的运营发展具有十分重要的意义。文章将采用实地调研的方法,并结合昆明同德广场实例分析,对商业人流动线的设计进行探索和研究。     

我国传统木质家具胶粘剂的研究

介绍了中国传统木质家具胶粘剂的分类、制作工艺和性质,并分析了传统家具用胶现状,阐述了榫卯家具用胶未来发展需要注意的问题。     

AgBr-Ag3PO4-CSs三元复合光催化剂的制备及性能

以AgNO_3、KBr、Na_2HPO_4和碳球(CSs)为原料,通过共沉淀法制备了高活性的AgBr-Ag_3PO_4-CSs三元复合光催化剂。利用X射线衍射、场发射扫描电子显微镜、紫外-可见漫反射光谱和X射线光电子能谱等对复合催化剂的结构、形貌、光吸收范围及价态进行了表征,通过可见光下降解罗丹明B(RhB)和苯酚对复合催化剂的性能进行了考察。结果表明:以CSs为载体,将AgBr和Ag_3PO_4负载在CSs上,当n(AgBr):n(Ag_3PO_4)=4:100时,所得的4%AgBr-Ag_3PO_4-CSs复合催化剂光催化效果最佳,可见光照50 min时,对RhB的降解率达到99.3%;光照60 min时,降解率达到99.5%,几乎降解完全。对苯酚也具有超强的降解能力,捕获剂实验表明空穴为主要活性物种,并且所制备的复合光催化剂循环使用5次后时仍具有较高的光催化活性。     

不同晶相结构ZrO2负载铜基催化剂用于二乙醇胺脱氢反应

通过制备不同晶相结构〔单斜相(m-ZrO_2)、四方相(t-ZrO_2)和无定型(a-ZrO_2)〕ZrO_2载体,再通过沉积沉淀法制得Cu/m-ZrO_2、Cu/t-ZrO_2和Cu/a-ZrO_2催化剂,分别用于催化二乙醇胺脱氢合成亚氨基二乙酸反应。采用XRD、氮气物理吸附脱附、XPS、H_2-TPR、CO_2-TPD对催化剂的结构进行了表征。结果表明,Cu/m-ZrO_2催化剂界面更加有利于Cu~+/Cu~0稳定存在,具有更多的碱性位点,且抗氧化性较好。在二乙醇胺脱氢反应中,Cu/m-ZrO_2催化剂性能最好,反应时间为2.5 h,亚氨基二乙酸收率为97.64%。     

基于微信小程序的特产售卖扶贫平台设计

近几年来,移动互联网的发展和微信小程序的普及为助农扶贫提供了新思路,创造了新模式.利用微信小程序独特的优势,将移动互联网与特产售卖进一步融合,设计了基于微信小程序的特产售卖扶贫平台,旨在帮扶贫困地区发展经济,从而有效地推进乡村振兴,助力精准扶贫.     

高温氢工质热物理性质计算分析

氢工质在新能源与动力、航天推进、化工材料等领域有着广泛应用。通过开展高温氢工质热力学与输运性质研究，建立了原子态氢、分子态氢、热解平衡态氢的热物理性质计算模型，开发了热物性计算程序Prop_H_H2，适用范围为温度100~3 500 K、压力104~5×107 Pa 。验证表明，Prop_H_H2在适用范围内计算氢工质的物性参数合理可靠，在温度200~3 000 K、压力104~107 Pa范围内，程序预测值更加准确，相对偏差在±5%左右。本研究可为氢工质相关的航天推进、应用物理学、能源动力等行业的科研和应用提供支持借鉴。     

Highly active sites of low spin FeⅡN4species:The identification and the ORR performance

Over recent years,catalytic materials of Fe-N-C species have been recognized being active for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR).However,the identification of active site remains challenging as it generally involves a pyrolysis process and mixed components being obtained.Herein Fe₃C/C and Fe₂N/C samples were synthesized by temperature programmed reduction of Fe precursors in 15%CH₄/H₂and pure NH₃,respectively.By acid leaching of Fe₂N/C sample,only single sites of FeN₄species were presented,providing an ideal model for identification of catalytic functions of the single sites of FeN₄in ORR.A correlation was conducted between the concentration of Fe^ⅡN₄in low spin state by Mossbauer spectra and the kinetic current density at 0.8 V in alkaline media,and such a structure-performance correlation assures the catalytic roles of low spin Fe^ⅡN₄ species as highly active sites for the ORR.