柴油机维护保养的节能意义

对柴油机经常地维护保养,可以使柴油机恢复和保持良好的技术状态,从而发挥出优异的性能指标.因而各种柴油机在使用说明书中都对维护保养有明确规定.本文对这些维护保养内容从理论上进行了阐述,从试验中进行了验证,从而使人们认识到为什么要这样做和怎样去做.     

Architecture of volcanic sequence and its structural control of Yingcheng Formation in Songliao Basin

Yingcheng Formation is a set of volcanic strata composed of lava rocks,volcanic clastic rocks and sedimentary rocks,filled in some fault depressions in Songliao Basin,early Cretaceous.The study about litho-facies succession of Yingcheng Formation in the outcropped area of the southeast margin and in Xujiaweizi fault depression and its distribution based on analysis of seismic data,shows that the sequence of volcanic strata is quite different from the clastic sedimentary sequence.To study the architecture of volcanic sequence and its structural control of Yingcheng Formation in Songliao Basin,in this work,dividing of the volcanic sequence and dating of the sequence boundaries were finished firstly,then displacement and displacement rate of faults were calculated.The results show that,sample ages of top of the first member,the seconde member,and the third member are 127 Ma,115 Ma,110.7 Ma,respectively and sample age of the bottom of the third member is 114.7 Ma.The maximum displacement and displacement rate of the fault 1 are 3 km and 300 m/Ma,respectively,and those of the fault 2 are 3 km and 1000 m/Ma.Studies suggest that,the cooling unit of lava rock or pyroclastic rock is a basic genetic stratigraphic unit in volcanic sequence stratigraphy.Cooling units can construct a parasequence reflecting a volcanic eruption stage.A sequence was superimposed by some parasequences,responding to a volcanic active cycle.There are three types of volcanic sequences in Yingcheng Formation：type of explosion,type of effusion and type of mixed explosion-effusion.The surface of the volcanic sequence,an unconformity surface widely spread and traced in seismic profiles,is a base for analysis of volcanic sequence.The development of volcanic sequence was controlled by faulting,and the curves of fault displacement （rate） can reflect this control.The preservation of volcanic sequence was controlled by the type of volcanic structure and the regional subsidence,also different from that of the sedimentary.The type of volcanic structure of Xujiaweizi was a volcanic depression during the forming of Yingcheng Formation,and the breakdowns of volcanoes and structural subsidence were key factors in the volcanic sequences preservation.     

基于低带宽通信直流微网变换器自适应下垂均流技术研究

针对直流微电网的负载均流控制问题,对微电网的稳态均流、动态均流和母线电压稳定等方面进行了研究,对微电网常用均流控制策略进行了归纳,提出了基于低带宽通信的自适应下垂法。为了克服传统下垂控制的缺陷并获得良好的动态均流性能,增加了两个调整环,利用电流调整环调节下垂系数实现了稳态和动态均流,电压调整环抬升了母线电压。因控制均在本地实现,无需中心控制器,可靠性高。对不同的均流控制方案进行了对比实验。研究结果表明,静态均流误差<3%,动态均流误差<4%,该控制策略能实现直流微电网的动稳态均流和母线电压跌落补偿。     

3D surface reconstruction based on binocular vision using structured light

A 3D surface reconstruction method using a binocular stereo vision technology and a coded structured light, which combines a gray code with phase-shift has been studied. The accuracy of the 3D surface reconstruction mainly depends on the decoding of gray code views and phase-shift views. In order to find the boundary accurately, gray code patterns and their inverses are projected onto a human eye plaster model. The period dislocation between the gray code views and the phase-shift views in the course of decoding has been analyzed and a new method has been proposed to solve it. The splicing method is based on feature points. The result of the 3D surface reconstruction shows the accuracy and reliability of our method.     

火山斜坡堆积及其相模式——以松辽盆地营城组为例

为了精细刻画盆地内火山斜坡堆积的岩相及其相结构,基于露头剖面和岩石样品观察分析的重要性,采用野外剖面地质研究和室内岩石样品成分、粒度组成分析相结合的方法,研究了松辽盆地东南缘露头区出露的营城组火山斜坡堆积相序与相结构.提出了包括热基浪、热碎屑流和空落3种亚相的火山斜坡爆发相单元结构.结果表明:爆发相由下到上为热基浪—热碎屑流—细空落亚相.其中热基浪亚相碎屑组成以刚性、炸裂状玻屑为主,粒度分析标准偏差0.93~1.26分选中等—好,偏度-1.85~3.46,显示牵引流粒度特征,发育层理构造;热碎屑流亚相碎屑组成主要是塑性—半塑性浮岩屑,少量炸裂状玻屑,粒度分析标准偏差0.87~1.65分选差,偏度-2.34~1.02,显示重力流粒度特征,顶部常发育浮岩屑层,浮岩屑变形程度与熔结程度呈近正相关,不发育层理构造;空落亚相,包括易识别的粗空落堆积和不易识别的细空落,刚性碎屑为主,分选好,常发育较好的水平层理,顶部常发育"火山豆".     

排列方式及电极距对高密度电法异常响应的影响分析

高密度电法能通过研究地下介质体的电阻率差异进行二维地电断面测量,其成像效果和工作效率受到具体的布设方法的影响.本文通过正演数值模型和实际探测资料,针对管道高阻目标体,探究了横纵向上不同排列方式的异常响应.由于高密度电法在纵向上的异常会对下方产生影响,因此高密度电法的横向分辨率一般高于纵向分辨率,而偶极排列在横向异常的分...     

溶剂挥发法制备高密封性光致变色微胶囊

通过溶剂挥发法制备了以聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯为壳材、N-羟乙基-3,3-二甲基-6-硝基吲哚啉螺吡喃为芯材的光致变色微胶囊。采用FTIR、SEM、粒径分析仪、分光光度计、测色配色仪对微胶囊的微观形貌、粒径和颜色等进行了表征。结果表明,芯壁质量比(芯/壁)对微胶囊的形貌和性能有显著影响,当芯壁质量比为2∶1时,微胶囊具有良好的颜色性能,变色前后色差为ΔECMC大于20,并且包覆严密、表面光滑。当芯壁质量比大于2∶1后,微胶囊不能很好地包覆。光致变色微胶囊在紫外光照射下会立即变色,完全变色时间为16s,其在紫外光-可见光照射30个循环后,仍具有优异的光致变色灵敏性。     

正交试验设计方法优化水平井布井研究

针对南海东部油田采用正交试验设计方法,对影响侧钻水平井的水平段长度、水平井的平面位置和垂向位置、井底流压四个参数进行优化,并考虑油藏净增油量(NP)、阶段末含水率(fw)和内部收益率(IRR)的多指标评价参数;在减少模拟次数的基础上,从技术和经济不同角度优化参数取值,保证了正交实验设计优化选值的合理性,并找出影响评价参数的主、次影响参数;指出施工过程中要特别注意主要影响参数的准确性。     

两种新型闭合压力确定方法的分析及应用

闭合压力是压裂施工中一项至关重要的参数。在分析传统压降分析方法的基础上提出了两种新型的闭合压力确定方法--F函数分析法和视闭合时间函数分析法。前者是对F函数曲线进行拟合，找到线性相关最好的点，可以准确地确定闭合压力；后者是对无因次压力导数曲线进行自动拟合，通过查找曲线转折点而直观地确定闭合点。最后，采用VB6.0编制了相应程序，并针对四川德阳地区某井的实例进行了验证。结果认为上述方法具有较强的准确性和实用性。