Microstructural characterizations and mechanical properties of Mg-8Sn-1Al-1Zn-xCu alloys

Microstructural characterization and mechanical properties of as-cast Mg-8Sn-1Al-1Zn-xCu（x=0wt%, 1wt%, 1.5wt% and 2.0wt%） alloys were studied by OM, Pandat software, XRD, SEM, DSC and a standard universal testing machine. The experimental results indicate that adding Cu to TAZ811 alloy leads to the formation of the AlMgCu and Cu3 Sn phases. Tensile tests indicate that yield strength increases fi rstly and then decreases with increasing Cu content. The alloy with the addition of 1.5wt% Cu exhibits optimal mechanical properties among the studied alloys. The improved mechanical properties can be ascribed to the second phase strengthening and fi ne-grain strengthening mechanisms resulting from the more dispersed second phases and smaller grain size, respectively. The decrease in ultimate tensile strength and elongation of TAZ811-2.0wt% Cu alloy at room temperature is ascribed to the formation of continuous AlMgCu and coarse Mg2 Sn phases in the liquid state.     

熔体过热和脉冲磁场协同处理对Mn5Si3增强Cu-35Zn-3Al合金显微组织、力学和耐磨性能的影响(英文)

研究熔体过热和脉冲磁场协同处理对Mn₅Si₃增强Cu-35Zn-3Al合金显微组织、力学和耐磨性能的影响。研究结果表明,协同处理促进了熔体中的溶质迁移以及Mn₅Si₃晶体生长的吸附动力学,抑制了六棱柱形貌Mn₅Si₃颗粒上孔洞的形成。协同处理后热锻态合金的抗拉强度和伸长率分别提高了9.0%和66.5%,这是由于拉伸变形过程中不含孔洞的Mn₅Si₃颗粒断裂强度提高,产生的应力集中减小,因此失效方式由脆性解理断裂转变为从基体中拔出,颗粒和基体间的载荷传递作用增强。在承受摩擦时,协同处理后合金的磨损亚表层中Mn₅Si₃颗粒不易发生剪切断裂,抑制了裂纹扩展和材料剥落,因而产生的剥层磨损减小,合金耐磨性显著提高。     

关联规则挖掘中改进的增量式更新算法

增量式更新算法能充分利用已挖掘出的知识来提高挖掘效率,是数据挖掘高效算法中的一个主要方向.分析了典型的关联规则增量式更新算法波折法FUP算法的不足,提出了一种改进的关联规则增量式更新算法,新算法极大地降低了存储空间和挖掘时间需求,从而提高了整个关联规则挖掘的效率.     

相依回归系统参数的一种新的有偏压缩估计

对于一类相依回归系统,结合广义岭型协方差改进估计与Ste in估计,提出了一种新的有偏压缩估计,,并讨论了该估计在均方误差下的优良性质.     

两步升温热轧工艺对AZ31镁合金薄板各向异性及成形性能影响（英文）

采用两步梯度升温轧制工艺对AZ31镁合金板材进行轧制,探究轧制过程对镁合金板材显微组织织演化、各向异性及成形性能的影响。第I步轧制在300℃开展,其每道次压下量为15%;第II步轧制在550℃进行,其每道次压下量为40%。经过共4道次轧制后,最终获得厚度为1 mm的镁合金薄板。结果显示,第I步低温轧制过程不更换轧制方向时,试样中生成大量剪切带;而更换轧制方向时,组织内部主要为孪晶和再结晶晶粒。随着II步轧制温度的升高,由于动态再结晶急剧激发,剪切带数量及尺寸逐渐减小,晶粒明显细化。根据IGMA分析得出,非基面滑移,特别是棱柱面滑移活动增强。轧制退火后的AZ31镁合金薄板的力学性能得到提高,各向异性减小,冲压成形性能得到明显改善。     

挤压态低合金化Mg-0.5Bi-0.5Sn-0.5Ca合金的力学性能及腐蚀行为研究

探究了复合添加微量Sn与Ca对挤压态Mg-0.5Bi基合金的微观组织、力学性能及腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明：挤压态Mg-0.5Bi-0.5Sn-0.5Ca (质量分数,%)合金主要由α-Mg、Mg₂Bi₂Ca以及Mg₂Sn相组成,合金表现出晶粒尺寸均匀分布的完全动态再结晶组织。合金的抗拉强度(UTS)为191 MPa,伸长率(EL)高达31.5%,腐蚀速率(P_i)为0.51 mm/a,极化阻抗(R_p)为707.19Ω·cm²。此外,挤压态合金在腐蚀过程中生成了含Ca以及含Sn的腐蚀产物中间层,从而提升了腐蚀产物层的保护作用,导致析氢速率随着浸泡时间的增加先增大后减小。最后由于腐蚀产物膜的破裂,析氢速率达到了2.43 mL/d。     

Zn含量对反挤压Mg-8Sn-Zn合金组织演变和力学性能的影响

利用OM,SEM,TEM,EBSD,XRD和电子材料试验机研究了Zn含量（1%-4%,质量分数）对反挤压Mg-8Sn-Zn合金组织、织构演化和力学性能的影响.结果表明,所有合金均可在相对较低的挤压温度（250℃）和较高的挤压速度（2 m/min）下成形.在反挤压过程中,所有在均质化处理后残留的粗大第二相在挤压过程中破碎并沿着挤压方向被拉伸成条带状;所有的粗大晶粒均转变为细小的等轴晶,其平均晶粒尺寸分别为7.4,8.3和10.5μm.随着Zn含量的增加,在挤压态合金晶内和晶间分布的细小弥散第二相的体积分数增加,这些第二相主要由亚微米级的Mg₂Sn相和纳米级的富Zn相组成.弥散分布在晶界上的第二相有效地钉扎了晶界,从而细化了晶粒尺寸.另外随着Zn含量的增加,合金的织构强度降低,这和变形晶粒的体积分数减小有关.组织细化、织构弱化和第二相弥散化是Mg-Sn-Zn合金强度提高和拉伸/压缩屈服点各向异性减弱的主要因素.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast Mg-8Sn-1Al-1Zn-xNi alloys

Mg-8Sn-1Al-1Zn-xNi（x=0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, mass fraction） alloys were designed and prepared. The microstructures and the mechanical properties were studied by using optical microscope, scanning electronic microscope, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscope, X-ray diffraction and a standard universal testing machine. The results show that the microstructure of Ni-containing alloys consist of α-Mg, Mg2 Sn, β-Mg-Ni-Al and γ-AlNi phases. No β-Mg-Ni-Al phase was observed in TAZ811-2.0Ni alloy due to its 1：1 atomic ratio of Ni/Al. The addition of Ni refines the α-Mg dendrites and suppresses the formation of coarse Mg2 Sn phase. The tensile properties results show that the TAZ811-0.5Ni alloy presented the best mechanical properties, which is due to the rod-like β-Mg-Ni-Al phase, refined α-Mg dendrites and Mg2 Sn phase, as well as γ-AlNi phase. The tensile fracture mechanism transits from cleavage to quasi-cleavage fracture with the increasing Ni addition.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of high speed indirect-extruded Mg-5Sn-(1,2,4 )Zn alloys

The microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of high speed indirect-extruded Mg-5%Sn-(1, 2, 4) Zn(mass fraction, %) alloys were investigated by optical microscopy(OM), X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), differential thermal analysis(DTA) and a static tension tester. All the studied alloys can be extruded successfully at a high speed of 10 m/min. The grain size, area fraction of particles and tensile properties are found to be greatly affected by the extrusion speed and Zn content, resulting in tensile properties showing lower strength and ductility as the extrusion speed increases and Zn content decreases. The dependence of grain size and tensile properties on the second phase particles is also discussed.     

Cauchy不等式矩阵形式的推广

设A为n×n正定Hermite阵,x为n维列向量,得到了Cauchy不等式的推广形式,进一步设A为n×n半正定Hermite阵,若x∈μ(A),推广形式仍成立.将向量x为n维列向量推广为X为n×p矩阵,且满足x*x=Ip,则有进一步推广.