Effect of Cation Substitution and Non-Stoichiometry on the Microwave Dielectric Properties of Sr(B'0.5Ta0.5)O3 [B'=Lanthanides] Perovskites

The Sr(B'_0.5Ta_0.5)O₃ ceramics where B'=La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Y, Er, and Yb have been prepared by the conventional solid-state ceramic route and their microwave dielectric properties have been investigated. The structure and microstructure of the ceramics have been characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope techniques. The relative permittiviy (ɛ_r) varies linearly with B'-site ionic radii, except for La, and the temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (τ_f) varies linearly with the tolerance factor. The Sr(B'_0.5Ta_0.5)O₃ ceramics have ɛ_r in the range 25.9–32, Q _u× f =4500–54 300 GHz, and τ_f=−79 to −42 ppm/°C. A slight deviation from stoichiometry affects the dielectric properties of these double perovskites. Partial substitution of Ba for Sr could tune the dielectric properties. Addition of rutile (TiO₂) lowered the sintering temperature and improved the dielectric properties of Sr(B'_0.5Ta_0.5)O₃ ceramics.     

Water Desalination a perspective for membrane processes in India

A crying need of the day in India is to supply safe drinking water to its villages, towns and cities. Though the urban needs are partially met by organized water supply schemes, acute water shortages are felt at various times in this sector also with the expanding industrialization of the country. In many areas of arid and semi-arid regions, only brackish waters are available which are unfit for human consumption.Research and development effort at CSMCRI on the two membrane processes, reverse osmosis and electrodialysis, during the past decade has been reviewed. Some of the current activities in the rural sector and the future potential for these two processes in tackling the pressing needs of potable water to the rural masses in India are outlined. In the industrial sector, these two processes have immense potentialities in pollution abatement and water reuse.     

Characteristics and compositions ofCarissa spinarum,Leucaena leucocephala andPhysalis minima seeds and oils

The seeds and extracted oils ofCarissa spinarum (Apocynaceae), (I),Leucaena leucocephala (Leguminosae) (II) andPhysalis minima (Solanaceae) (III) were analyzed for characteristics and compositions. The seeds of I, II and III contained 22.4, 6.4 and 40.0% oil and 10.1, 27.6 and 17.9% protein, respectively. The oils of I, II and III had, respectively, iodine values 70.1, 113.5 and 122.5; saponification values 186, 188 and 189; unsaponifiable matter 5.2, 2.5 and 0.8%, and the following fatty acid compositions (area %): palmitic 12.6, 14.2, 10.5; stearic 7.6, 6.1, 8.6; oleic 72.7, 20.1, 17.3; linoleic 5.2, 53.8, 61.4; linolenic 0.9, 1.8, 0.0, and arachidic 1.0, 2.3, 0.0. II contained 1.7% lignoceric acid. III contained small amounts of hexadecenoic (0.1%), epoxy (0.6%) and hydroxy (1.5%) fatty acids.     

Loss of Curing Agent During Thin Film (Droplet) Curing of Thermoset Material

Recently, it has been reported by our group and others^1.2 that loss of curing agent is encountered during the curing of small droplets or thin films of amine cured epoxies. In our earlier study³ results were reported on loss of curing agent in small droplets used in conducting the rnicrobond, single fiber test for determination of interfacial shear strength (ISS). It was reported that use of a volatile curing agent (meta-phenylene diamine (m-PDA) with DGEBA resin) resulted in increasing amounts of curing agent being lost (as measured by T₈ of the cured droplets) with decreasing droplet size during the processing procedure. Droplets smaller than 150 micrometers were seen to lose up to 40% of the curing agent leading to alteration of the mechanical properties of the droplet and, therefore, causing measured values of ISS to be exceedingly low. Use of a less volatile curing agent (Jeffamine 700, a polyether diamine, Texaco Specialty Chemicals) in combination with DGEBA resin produced results which indicated that loss of curing agent was not occuring. This study was undertaken to show the relationships between film (or droplet) size and the amount of curing agent lost (during the processing) for three different aminecured epoxy systems.     

An EXAFS study of the Mo/TiO2 hydrodesulphurization catalysis

In-situ EXAFS studies of sulphided Mo/TiO₂ catalysts have shown that at low Mo loadings (2–4 wt%), an active species with a short Mo-S distance of 2.25 Å is formed, while on Mo/TiO₂ with high Mo loadings as well as on Mo/-Al₂O₃, bulk MoS₂ (Mo-S, 2.42 Å) is formed. The species with the short Mo-S distance has Mo in an oxidation state close to 6 + and is likely to result from the sulphidation of the tetrahedral molybdate species present in the oxidic precursor at low Mo loadings. The calcination temperature of the oxidic precursor appears crucial, a high calcination temperature of 973 K favouring the formation of MoS₃ on sulphidation, and a low calcination temperature of 623 K favouring MoS₂.Contribution No. 790 from the Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit.     

KP-Rank: a semantic-based unsupervised approach for keyphrase extraction from text data

Automatic key concept identification from text is the main challenging task in information extraction, information retrieval, digital libraries, ontology learning, and text analysis. The main difficulty lies in the issues with the text data itself, such as noise in text, diversity, scale of data, context dependency and word sense ambiguity. To cope with this challenge, numerous supervised and unsupervised approaches have been devised. The existing topical clustering-based approaches for keyphrase extraction are domain dependent and overlooks semantic similarity between candidate features while extracting the topical phrases. In this paper, a semantic based unsupervised approach (KP-Rank) is proposed for keyphrase extraction. In the proposed approach, we exploited Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) and clustering techniques and a novel frequency-based algorithm for candidate ranking is introduced which considers locality-based sentence, paragraph and section frequencies. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, three benchmark datasets (i.e. Inspec, 500N-KPCrowed and SemEval-2010) from different domains are used. The experimental results show that overall, the KP-Rank achieved significant improvements over the existing approaches on the selected performance measures.

     

基于最小二乘与加权分位数回归法对比分析盈余管理在我国跨国公司中的应用

为了对比普通最小二乘法与加权分位数法的异同,并选择能够衡量我国跨国公司盈余管理程度的有效方法,按照跨国公司的定义,把2013年我国沪深两市上市公司分为跨国公司和非跨国公司两类,并在Jones模型的基础上,分别采用普通最小二乘法和加权分位数回归方法进行对比实证研究。结果显示,总资产是影响我国跨国公司盈余管理的重要因素。表明加权分位数回归的Jones模型能够作为衡量我国跨国公司盈余管理程度的有效方法。     

攀钢西昌钢钒高炉铁水适宜硫含量分析

为了寻求炼铁、炼钢工序经济适宜的铁水硫含量,通过对生产数据的统计,分析了攀钢西昌钢钒1号高炉铁水硫含量与技术经济指标的关系,得到了攀钢西昌钢钒高炉铁水钛含量与铁水硫含量及焦比的回归公式;并依据高炉冶炼过程中实际的矿焦比与铁水钛含量的经验数据,计算分析了不同铁水硫含量与炼铁的原、燃料成本的关系,综合考虑炼钢脱硫成本的变化,得出当前硫负荷条件下铁水适宜的硫含量（质量分数）应控制在0.085％左右．     

Fe^3＋离子修饰的金纳米粒子对DNA的高效吸附

在谷胱甘肽功能化的金纳米粒子表面螯合Fe^3＋离子后,研究了DNA分子在不同p H和盐浓度条件下在粒子表面的吸附和脱附行为。在pH〈4.0的条件下,DNA通过所含的磷酸根基团与粒子表面的Fe^3＋离子产生配位相互作用而吸附到粒子表面,此过程受盐浓度影响不大。当pH〉4.0时,由于溶液中氢氧根离子的竞争作用,使DNA的磷酸根基团不能与Fe^3＋离子配位,此时只能通过静电或氢键作用吸附,但是吸附效率很低。因此,Fe^3＋离子修饰的金纳米粒子只在低p H条件下可以实现对DNA的高效吸附。这种基于配位作用的吸附效率要高于盐桥作用,而且不会受到溶液中盐浓度的影响。