Effect of 0.1 at.% zirconium on the cyclic oxidation resistance ofβ-NiAl

The effect of 0.1 at.% Zr (0.2 wt.% Zr) on the cyclic oxidation of hipped -NiAl was studied. Oxidation testing was performed in static air at 1100–1200 °C, using 1-hr exposure cycles for test times up to 3000 hr. The weight change versus time data were modeled with the COSP computer program to analyze and predict cyclic-oxidation behavior. Zr additions significantly change the nature of the scale-spalling process during cooling so that the oxide spalls near the oxide-air interface at a relatively low depth within the scale. Without Zr, the predominantly -Al₂O₃ scale tends to spall randomly to bare metal at relatively high effective-scale-loss rates, particularly at 1150°C and 1200°C. This leads to higher rates of Al consumption for the Zr-free aluminide and much earlier depletion of Al, leading to eventual breakaway (i.e., failure).     

Factors affecting the long-term stability of Cu/Al ball bonds subjected to standard and extended high temperature storage

This paper presents the findings of work performed on 20-μm diameter copper wire of five different wire types from three suppliers. Gold wire is the control. The test die was mounted on BT (B (Bismaleimide) and T (Triazine)) resin substrates. The bonding parameters were optimized for each wire used. Part of the optimization process involved monitoring the flatness of the bonded ball and the amount of aluminum remaining under the bond. The crystal structure of each type of interconnect was examined using composite imaging techniques. Visual data such as ball size, thickness, and shape were collected. First and second bonds were subjected to destructive testing, such as ball shear and wire pull, throughout the preparation process. The samples were then subjected to an industry-standard, high temperature stress test to determine the long-term stability of the interface of each wire type. Data for all read points are presented on all tests performed and provide useful information on the material and process set best suited for long term reliability.     

通过改进TFT-LCD生产工艺提高光透过率降低生产成本和能耗

很多人都把注意力集中在TFT液晶显示器的面板技术上,例如LED背光源、120/240Hz帧频、宽视角以及其它一些能提高显示性能的技术。在这个背景下,通过不断改进TFT液晶显示器的制造工艺,提高了生产效率,降低了成本,同时亦提高了能源利用率。最新的技术进展涉及滤光片、液晶配向、TFT设计等方面。     

Power consumption reduction through elastic data rate adaptation in survivable multi-layer optical networks

Network survivability requires the provisioning of backup resources in order to protect active traffic against any failure scenario. Backup resources, however, can remain unused most of the time while the network is not in failure condition, inducing high power consumption wastage, if fully powered on. In this paper, we highlight the power consumption wastage of the additional resources for survivability in IP/multi-protocol label switching (MPLS) over dense wavelength division multiplexing multi-layer optical networks. We assume MPLS protection switching as the failure recovery mechanism in the network, a solution interesting for current network operators to ensure fast recovery as well as fine-grained recovery treatment per label switched path. Next, we quantitatively show how elastic optical technologies can effectively reduce such a power consumption by dynamically adjusting the data rate of the transponders to the carried amount of traffic.     

Multimodal acting in mixed reality interactive storytelling

In this paper, an experimental mixed reality using a multimodal approach is introduced which lets users play characters in interactive narratives as though acting on a stage. Users interact with characters through speech, attitude, and gesture, enhancing their immersion in the virtual world. This system provides a small-scale but complete integration of multimodal communication in interactive storytelling. It uses a narrative's semantic context to focus multimodal input processing-that is, the system interprets users' acting (the multimodal input) in the mixed reality stage in terms of narrative functions representing users' contributions to the unfolding plot.     

Impact of ambient temperature set point deviation on Arrhenius estimates

A least squares model is developed that takes ambient temperature set point error into account when making predictions with the Arrhenius equation. Complete data following a lognormal distribution is assumed. According to the model, the regression can be performed assuming the temperatures are at their desired levels (fixed temperature case). Random variation of the actual ambient temperature about the set point value will inflate the variance or mean squared error but will not bias the estimates. This increases the width of confidence intervals on the parameter estimates and predictions like the MTTF compared to the fixed temperature case. The amount of inflated variance depends chiefly on the extent of set point deviation and activation energy but is also influenced by choice of experimental design.     

3D Anisotropic Polyethylene as Light-Responsive Grippers and Surfing Divers

Untethered soft actuators are usually based on 3D engineered special polymers such as liquid crystal networks or hydrogels that require complex fabrication methods. Here, an easy-to-process, anisotropic composite soft actuator based on a simple photothermal dye-doped polyethylene film is presented. The 3D anisotropic polymer films are prepared by solution-casting and subsequent thermal solid-stretching. The resulting soft actuators exhibit large and controllable bending in response to light (UV and/or near-infrared (NIR)) and are able to act as grippers picking up cargo. Additionally, the films are capable of realizing “diving” and “surfing” locomotion in and over a liquid via the photothermal induced Marangoni effect, yielding a NIR light-fueled transporter able to pick up cargo. The results open up new possibilities of using commodity polymers in a broad range of applications including untethered soft actuators and robotic devices.     

Neugestaltung des Rahmens für Forschung, Technologie und Innovation in Österreich

The fields of electrical engineering and information technology have always shown how base innovations can definitely solve problems and influence the modern industrial world. For the future, too, we expect substantial contributions. Thus, companies must recognize their chances on the market and start to invest for the future in time. Austrian electrotechnical companies seem to be aware of that as they are very involved in investments for the future. In Austria, more than one third of all expenditure regarding research and development concerns sectors associated with electrical engineering and information technology.     

Towards Using Scientific Publications to Automatically Extract Information on Rare Diseases

A small percentage of the population is afflicted by what is called an orphan or a rare disease. All over the world, there are about several thousand of these diseases. When adding up together all the individuals who are affected, it amounts for up to 10% of the US population. Scientific works on these diseases are often poorly financed due to the lack of potential markets for a treatment, which means for patients and clinicians a very limited and scattered access to vital information. To contribute addressing this issue, we present in this paper a new software tool for automating the extraction of information related to rare diseases from scientific publications. More precisely, our contribution consists in a new method of extracting automatically symptoms of these diseases from research papers exploiting a Named Entity Recognition (NER) algorithm based on the numerical statistic Term Frequency - Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF). The proposed tool has been tested using PubMed Central (PMC) database.

     

MPPA光动力作用诱导人鼻咽癌细胞凋亡的实验研究

为观察MPPa光动力作用对鼻咽癌细胞凋亡的影响,应用AnnexinV—PI双染结合流式细胞仪分析MPPa光动力作用后人鼻咽癌细胞株CNE2细胞发生凋亡和继发性坏死的比率。结果显示MPPa光动力作用实验组人鼻咽癌细胞株CNE2细胞发生凋亡和继发性坏死的比率分别增加到16.43 %和4.64 % ,且均显著高于单纯光照射组、单纯MMPa光敏剂处理组和假照射组(P <0 .0 1) ,而三对照组间无明显差异(P >0 .0 5 )。表明MPPa光动力作用能有效诱导低分化人鼻咽癌细胞株CNE2细胞凋亡的发生。这也可能是MPPa光动力作用杀伤鼻咽癌的重要机制之一。