《110》取向Tb0.36Dy0.64(Fe0.85Co0.15)2合金的磁机械阻尼特性

采用区熔定向凝固方法,以480 mm/h速度制备了<110>取向Tb0.36Dy0.64(Fe0.85Co0.15)2合金棒.通过测试在0-0.325 T磁场范围内合金棒的应力-应变回线,计算了应力幅σm分别为-10,一30和一50 MPa的阻尼系数ΔW/W.结果表明,零磁场下的ΔW/W最大;随磁场强度增大,同一σm条件下的ΔW/W逐渐降低.在低磁场中,ΔW/W随σm的增加而降低;在高磁场中,ΔW/W随σm的增加而升高.利用不同预压应力下的磁致伸缩-磁化强度关系曲线,分析了磁场-应力复合加载条件下非180°磁畴和畴壁的运动形式.依据局部内应力理论,解释了合金棒的磁机械阻尼系数随外磁场强度和应力幅值变化的规律.     

单辊破碎机星轮铸造工艺设计及模拟优化

运用传统的铸造工艺设计方法对星轮铸钢件铸造工艺进行了初步设计,利用Z-CaSt模拟软件,对星轮初始工艺的凝固过程进行了模拟,分析了初始工艺产生缺陷的部位和原因。在此基础上通过调整冒口尺寸和分布,进行工艺优化,最终获得了合适的工艺方案。模拟结果显示,优化工艺实现了星轮的顺序凝固,消除了缩孔、缩松缺陷。     

XPS study of duplex stainless steel oxidized by oxygen atoms

Surface oxidation of the duplex stainless steel DSS alloy 2205 was studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and SEM imaging. The experiments were performed on the alloy after controlled oxidation with oxygen atoms created in an inductively coupled plasma. Experiments were performed at temperatures from room temperature up to 700 °C. Compositions of the modified oxidized surfaces were obtained from XPS survey scans, and the chemistries of selected elements from higher energy resolution scans of appropriate peaks. The morphologies of the surfaces were obtained using field emission scanning electron microscopy at different magnifications, up to 10,000×. Different Fe/Cr/Mn oxidized layers and different oxide thicknesses were observed and correlated with temperature.     

亲和技术在药物筛选中的应用

靶向药物由于其药效好、特异性强且毒副作用小,已成为全球新药研发的热点。配体与大分子之间的相互作用在寻找先导化合物的过程中至关重要。亲和筛选可以解决传统筛选技术过高的假阳性和假阴性的概率及逐一测定化合物活性的限制等问题,相比传统的生物测定有明显的优势。     

Modification of glass ionomer cement by incorporating hydroxyapatite-silica nano-powder composite: Sol–gel synthesis and characterization

A nanohydroxyapatite–silica powder was synthesized using an ethanol based sol–gel technique. The synthesized powder was incorporated into commercial glass ionomer powder (Fuji II GC) and characterized using FTIR, ²⁹Si CP/MAS NMR, EDX and XRD spectroscopy. ²⁹Si CP/MAS NMR results showed the presence of higher degree of cross-linking of silyl species between silica and GIC, which makes the Nano-HA–Silica–GIC composite much stronger. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (TEM) was employed to investigate the morphology of the synthesized powder. Results revealed that higher content of nanosilica produced a denser and stronger GIC. Thus, the application of nanohydroxyapatite–silica–GIC with improved properties are envisioned to be of great clinical importance, especially in stress bearing areas.     

Structural Basis for Antimicrobial Activity of Lasiocepsin

Lasiocepsin is a unique 27‐residue antimicrobial peptide, isolated from Lasioglossum laticeps (wild bee) venom, with substantial antibacterial and antifungal activity. It adopts a welldefined structure consisting of two α‐helices linked by a structured loop. Its basic residues form two distinct positively charged regions on the surface whereas aliphatic side chains contribute to solvent‐accessible hydrophobic areas, thus emphasising the amphipathic character of the molecule. Lasiocepsin structurally belongs to the ShK family and shows a strong preference for anionic phospholipids; this is further augmented by increasing concentrations of cardiolipin, such as those found at the poles of bacterial cells. The membrane‐permeabilising activity of the peptide is not limited to outer membranes of Gram‐negative bacteria. The peptide interacts with phospholipids initially through its N terminus, and its degree of penetration is strongly dependent on the presence of cardiolipin.     

Sphinganine‐Like Biogenesis of (E)‐1‐Nitropentadec‐1‐ene in Termite Soldiers of the Genus Prorhinotermes

In 1974, (E)‐1‐nitropentadec‐1‐ene, a strong lipophilic contact poison of soldiers of the termite genus Prorhinotermes, was the first‐described insect‐produced nitro compound. However, its biosynthesis remained unknown. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that (E)‐1‐nitropentadec‐1‐ene biosynthesis originates with condensation of amino acids with tetradecanoic acid. By using in vivo experiments with radiolabeled and deuterium‐labeled putative precursors, we show that (E)‐1‐nitropentadec‐1‐ene is synthesized by the soldiers from glycine or L ‐serine and tetradecanoic acid. We propose and discuss three possible biosynthetic pathways.     

A Novel Multifunctional Upconversion Phosphor: Yb3+/Er3+ Codoped La2S3

Yb³⁺/Er³⁺ codoped La₂S₃ upconversion (UC) phosphors have been synthesized using high‐temperature solid‐state method. Under 971‐nm excitation, the maximum luminescence power can reach 0.64 mW at the excitation power density of 16 W/cm² and an absolute power yield of 0.36% was determined by an absolute method at the excitation power density of 3 W/cm², and the quantum yield of La₂S₃:Yb³⁺, Er³⁺ (green ~0.18%, red ~0.03%, integration ~0.21) was comparable to that of NaYF₄:Yb³⁺, Er³⁺ nanocrystals (integration ~0.005–0.30). Frequency upconverted emissions from two thermally coupled excited states of Er³⁺ were recorded in the temperature range 100–900 K. The maximum sensitivity of temperature sensing is 0.0075 K^?1. As the excitation power density increases, the temperature of host materials rapidly rises and the top temperature can reach to 600 K. Given the intense UC emission, high sensitivity, as well as good photothermal stability, La₂S₃:Yb³⁺/Er³⁺ phosphor can become a promising composite material for photothermal ablation of cancer cells possessing the functions of temperature sensing and in vivo imaging.     

Proteomic Analysis of Embryogenesis and the Acquisition of Seed Dormancy in Norway Maple (Acer platanoides L.)

The proteome of zygotic embryos of Acer platanoides L. was analyzed via high-resolution 2D-SDS-PAGE and MS/MS in order to: (1) identify significant physiological processes associated with embryo development; and (2) identify changes in the proteome of the embryo associated with the acquisition of seed dormancy. Seventeen spots were identified as associated with morphogenesis at 10 to 13 weeks after flowering (WAF). Thirty-three spots were associated with maturation of the embryo at 14 to 22 WAF. The greatest changes in protein abundance occurred at 22 WAF, when seeds become fully mature. Overall, the stage of morphogenesis was characterized by changes in the abundance of proteins (tubulins and actin) associated with the growth and development of the embryo. Enzymes related to energy supply were especially elevated, most likely due to the energy demand associated with rapid growth and cell division. The stage of maturation is crucial to the establishment of seed dormancy and is associated with a higher abundance of proteins involved in genetic information processing, energy and carbon metabolism and cellular and antioxidant processes. Results indicated that a glycine-rich RNA-binding protein and proteasome proteins may be directly involved in dormancy acquisition control, and future studies are warranted to verify this association.