Attachment disorganization in prepubertal children with severe emotional disturbance

Four prepubertal psychiatric inpatients were selected to illustrate four proposed subtypes of attachment disorganization. These children were administered the Attachment Story-Completion Task, an instrument that assesses the quality of attachment security to the primary caregiver. Clinical vignettes of their respective inpatient treatments are presented, and the essential characteristics of the four corresponding proposed subtypes are discussed. It is argued that children assessed with attachment disorganization are a heterogeneous group who nevertheless suggest more subtle patterns of organization.     

Hydroxyapatite as a filler for biosynthetic PHB homopolymer and P(HB–HV) copolymers

This paper deals with some of the fundamental problems encountered when using a semicrystalline polymer as the matrix phase for a particulate‐filled composite. As our model system we adopted poly‐(R)‐3‐hydroxybutyrate, PHB, and two copolymers of (R)‐3‐hydroxybutyrate and (R)‐3‐hydroxyvalerate, P(HB–HV), for the matrix phase, and the mineral calcium hydroxyapatite as a particulate filler. The structure and properties of compression‐moulded films of various compositions were investigated by polarized light microscopy, wide‐angle X‐ray scattering and mechanical testing. It was found that the degree of crystallinity of the matrix was lower in filled samples, and that the spherulitic crystallization of the matrix appeared to cause the filler particles to form agglomerates, which would not be as effective a reinforcement as finely dispersed primary filler particles. The tensile strength, strain‐to‐break and tensile modulus of samples of different compositions were analysed using well‐known theories for composite behaviour. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry     

Influence of Barrier Material on Spin Splitting Due to Inversion Asymmetry in Heterostructures

Influence of barrier material on the spin splitting of conduction subbands in heterostructures because of structure inversion asymmetry (Bychkov–Rashba splitting) is studied. The spin splitting at a vanishing magnetic field is calculated for two heterostructures: InAs/SiO₂ and InAs/In_0.8Al_0.2As, having the same well material InAs but very different barrier materials. It is demonstrated that the barrier material strongly influences the spin splitting of the ground conduction subband in InAs. The spin splittings for both heterostructures are computed as functions of electron density, we obtain the splitting in InAs/SiO₂ almost twice larger than that in InAs/In_0.8Al_0.2As. The influence of spin-dependent part of the boundary conditions on the spin spin splitting is studied and it is shown that for considered heterostructures it changes the splitting up to 25% of its value. It is emphasized that the Bychkov–Rashba spin splitting is not proportional to the average electric field in heterostructure.     

络合剂在优化纺织品湿加工整理中的应用

新型络合剂在多种工序中的应用,可以为单道工序甚至整个生产过程节约大量成本,加速生产循环,省去部分加工步骤,同时还提高了不稳定配方的生产可靠性.极简化的操作水平也可以节约大量能源.现代技术和设计应将络合剂作为重要的过程控制参数,因为这关系到整个工艺的成败.     

TIP47: a cargo selection device for mannose 6-phosphate receptor trafficking

Neurofilaments, which are exclusively found in nerve cells, are one of the earliest recognizable features of the maturing nervous system. The differential distribution of neurofilament proteins in varying degrees of phosphorylation within a neuron provides the possibility of selectively demonstrating either somata and dendrites or axons. Non-phosphorylated neurofilaments typical of somata and dendrites can be visualized with the aid of monoclonal antibody SMI 311, whereas antibody SMI 312 is directed against highly phosphorylated axonal epitopes of neurofilaments. The maturation of neuronal types, the development of area-specific axonal networks, and the gradients of maturation can thus be demonstrated. Optimal immunostaining with SMI 311 and SMI 312 is achieved when specimens are fixed in a mixture of paraformaldehyde and picric acid for up to 3 days and sections are incubated free-floating. Neurons, with their dendritic domains immunostained by SMI 311 in a Golgi-like manner, can be completely visualized in relatively thick sections. The limitations of Golgi-preparations, such as glia-labeling, artifacts, and the staining of only a small non-representative percentage of existing neurons, are not apparent in SMI preparations, which additionally provide the possibility of selectively staining axonal networks. The results achieved in normal fetal brain provide the basis for studies of developmental disturbances.     

Mariposa: a wide-area distributed database system

The requirements of wide-area distributed database systems differ dramatically from those of local-area network systems. In a wide-area network (WAN) configuration, individual sites usually report to different system administrators, have different access and charging algorithms, install site-specific data type extensions, and have different constraints on servicing remote requests. Typical of the last point are production transaction environments, which are fully engaged during normal business hours, and cannot take on additional load. Finally, there may be many sites participating in a WAN distributed DBMS. In this world, a single program performing global query optimization using a cost-based optimizer will not work well. Cost-based optimization does not respond well to site-specific type extension, access constraints, charging algorithms, and time-of-day constraints. Furthermore, traditional cost-based distributed optimizers do not scale well to a large number of possible processing sites. Since traditional distributed DBMSs have all used cost-based optimizers, they are not appropriate in a WAN environment, and a new architecture is required. We have proposed and implemented an economic paradigm as the solution to these issues in a new distributed DBMS called Mariposa. In this paper, we present the architecture and implementation of Mariposa and discuss early feedback on its operating characteristics. Edited by Henry F. Korth and Amith Sheth. Received November 1994 / Revised June 1995 / Accepted September 14, 1995     

Analytical13C NMR: A rapid,nondestructive method for determining the cis,trans composition of catalytically treated unsaturated lipid mixtures

High resolution natural abundance 13C Fourier transform nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has been found to be an effective tool for the rapid and direct determination of the cis/trans composition in partially hydrogenated and isomerized unsaturated lipids. With the eis and trans allylic carbon resonances as representative probes for double bond stereo-chemistry. Evaluation of the cis/trans composition of complex, positionally isomerized mixtures can be made without the necessity of carrying out detailed analyses of multishift olefinic carbon resonances. Migration of double bonds in monoenes and polyenes and formation of conjugated unsaturation in cata-lytically treated fats are discussed and assessed as possible sources of error in the evaluation of cis/trans isomer ratios. Carbon spin lattice relaxation times T₁ were measured for both cis and trans allylic reson-ances in isomeric mixtures of varying composition to assure quantitative intensity relationships. 13C NMR compositional analysis of complex mixtures is demonstrated.