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991.
Buffalo milk Cheddar cheese samples of different ages were analysed for compositional attributes (CA), ripening indices (RI) and Instron Textural Profile (ITP). All samples were compositionally alike, except for pH and salt-in-moisture (SM) contents. RI showed significant variations. CA and RI showed highly significant correlations within themselves and with each other, except for moisture with pH, SM with moisture, MNFS, Fat and FDM and Fat with MNFS. The ITPs of cheeses showed significant variations and had highly significant intercorrelations indicating their interdependence. CA (except moisture and MNFS) and RI showed a highly significant correlationship with ITPs. Moisture content showed a highly significant correlationship with all ITPs, except cohesiveness and springiness, where it was significant. MNFS content showed significant correlations only with hardness and brittleness. Stepwise regression analysis revealed that MI was the most predominant factor influencing cheese texture, followed by pH, SM, FDM and TVFA. Knowing Ca and RI, the textural properties of cheeses can be forecast through mathematical equations. Similarly the age of cheese can also be predicted if RI and/or textural properties are known. 相似文献
992.
Thin CdTe films were deposited by hot-wall epitaxy (HWE) on (111) HgCdTe and CdZnTe substrates at temperatures from about 140 to 335°C. X-ray rocking curves were used to show that crystal quality of the CdTe (111)B films improved as substrate temperature increased from 140 to about 250°C. Rocking curve values for full width at half maximum (FWHM) decreased from 2–4 degrees at 140–150°C to less than 100 arc-s at 250°C, and a FWHM of 59 arc-s was the lowest value observed near 250°C. The FWHM of the HWE CdTe was found to be insensitive to growth rate below about 400Å/min, but increased to four degrees at 1250Å/min. X-ray diffraction confirmed that films grown on the B-face at higher temperatures were epitaxial, but contained a significant volume fraction, 35% to 50%, of rotational in-plane twins. Electron microscopy confirmed a coarse twin density, and photoluminescence spectra showed an absence of excitonic emission in the HWE films. Simultaneous growth on two (111) HgCdTe substrates with different surface polarities between 230°C and 335°C showed that deposition rate on the A-face decreased relative to that on the B-face as temperature increased. Films grown on the B-face exhibited better surface morphologies than those grown on the A-face. 相似文献
993.
994.
J. M. Zaldivar E. Molga M. A. Al s H. Hern ndez K. R. Westerterp 《Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification》1995,34(6):543-559
Aromatic nitrations by mixed acid have been selected as a specific case of a heterogeneous liquid-liquid reaction. An extensive experimental programme has been followed using adiabatic and heat-flow calorimetry and pilot reactor experiments, supported by chemical analysis. A series of nitration experiments has been carried out to study the influences of different initial and operating conditions such as temperature, stirring speed and sulphuric acid concentration. In parallel, a mathematical model to predict the overall conversion rate has been developed. In this paper the mathematical modelling and the implementation and experimental validation for benzene, toluene and chlorobenzene mononitration in the kinetic control regime (slow liquid-liquid reaction) are presented and discussed. 相似文献
995.
T Ayabe H Takenaka O Takenaka A Takenaka H Nagahama H Maruyama A Yamamoto M Nagata Y Koga M Sumida M Hamada 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,38(2):373-381
The pMEX8-hAK1 vector was devised from the pAK plasmid (Kim J. H. et al., 1989, Protein Engineering 5, 379-386), which could directly express human adenylate kinase proteins without recombination and its single strand DNA could be withdrawn with helper phage for random site-directed mutagenesis. The conserved key residues at Lys21, Lys27, and Thr39 were engineered to obtain mutants for kinetic analysis. Three mutants were obtained as K21P, K27R, and T39S, their specific activities were strikingly reduced compared to those of wild type adenylate kinase. This pMEX8-hAK1 will be a powerful tool for site-directed mutagenesis to detect the substrate-enzyme interaction for human adenylate kinase including various other enzymes. 相似文献
996.
This paper deals with the indirect electro-optic sampling technique for the low-invasive detection of periodical voltage waveforms on lines in high-speed integrated circuits. The system introduced here is based on a passive mode-coupled Ti:Sapphire-Laser as light source for generating optical pulses in the subpicosecond regime. Therefore, we have to synchronize the resulting electric measurement signal and its external trigger onto the pulse repetition rate of this free running solid-state laser. The multi user function of the laser system forces us to transmit the pulses via a single-mode fiber into the measurement setup. For that purpose we developed a special optical arrangement to minimize the widening of the pulses in the time domain. The system's high-temporal resolution of nearly 10 ps in combination with its high-voltage sensitivity of about 800 μV/√(Hz) is demonstrated by measurements of an integrated microwave frequency divider 相似文献
997.
A tight upper bound on the decoding error probability is derived for block-coded modulation structures where an M-ary phase shift keying (M-PSK) signal constellation is employed. This bound, called a tangential sphere bound, is tight for very low (as well as for high) signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). Berlekamp's tangential union bound, previously derived for binary codes, can be derived for an M-PSK block coded modulation structure as well. However, it is proven that our tangential sphere bound is tighter than Berlekamp's (1980) tangential bound. For particular schemes, it is shown that for low SNRs our bound is considerably tighter than the tangential bound. As one of the examples, a multistage decoder is considered 相似文献
998.
The optical method of caustics has been utilised to measure both the stress intensity factor for a crack lying along the interface of an aluminium/epoxy bimaterial specimen, and the mode mixity arising from the difference in the elastic properties across the interface. Measurements were carried out by using a novel modification to the method whereby caustics are produced and measured from both sides of the specimen, so compensating automatically for the distortion induced in the specimen due to misaligned loading fixtures. A flat reflective surface across the interface was obtained by adhering a reflective coating to the specimen. Verification that this coating does not affect measurement accuracy was obtained by comparing stress intensity factors measured from coated and uncoated monolithic aluminium specimens where good agreement was found to exist between both measurements. 相似文献
999.
1000.
During a 22-year period, 13 patients with hematologic diseases developed bacteremia caused by the Bacteroides fragilis group, with a frequency which remained almost unchanged. Nine patients (69%) had polymicrobial infections. Acute leukemia was the most common underlying disease. The lower intestinal tract (necrotizing enterocolitis and anorectal abscesses) was the most common source of infection. Prior antibiotic therapy was the most frequent host condition before bacteremia, followed by cancer chemotherapy, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia and hypoproteinemia. Septic shock occurred only in seven patients with polymicrobial infections. Six patients, including five with shock, died within a week of onset, while the other seven survived for at least three weeks. Despite its clinical similarity to aerobic gram-negative infection, bacteremia due to the B. fragilis group may well, therefore, be suspected particularly when neutropenic patients who present with lower intestinal symptomatology develop a persistent fever unresponsive to the initial empiric antibiotic therapy. 相似文献