缅甸七星塘矿山孔底间隔装药技术的实验与应用

为了解决缅甸七星塘矿山在开采爆破中含水孔装药施工困难的问题,采取了孔底间隔装药技术。根据孔底间隔装药爆破机理,参考目前已有的研究成果及应用参数,结合本矿山开采爆破的情况,进行现场实验,确定了孔底间隔装药技术的实施原则:控制最大间隔长度和最小药柱高度,获得了最大间隔长度为炮孔孔深的21.7%,药柱高度减少比例最多为30%的数据。采用孔底间隔装药技术解决了缅甸七星塘矿山开采爆破中含水孔装药施工的困难,同时获得了良好的爆破效果及经济效益,为孔底间隔装药技术在其他矿山解决类似问题提供了经验。     

隧道掘进聚能水压光面爆破新技术与应用

为了解决成兰铁路金瓶岩隧道出现围岩扰动和隧道超挖的问题,采用聚能水压光面爆破技术。在实施该技术的过程中,根据聚能水压光面爆破技术原理、聚能装置装药和装填技术的要点,严格执行每一操作步骤,并结合隧道掘进工程实践进行现场写实记录。然后将写实记录结果与常规光面爆破进行技术、经济效果对比分析,效果明显。即新技术成型效果好,造孔率减少了50%,又节约了爆破材料,降低施工成本,提高了劳动生产率。该项技术有助于实现隧道开挖"精细化"和"绿色施工",对类似工程具有一定的参考价值。     

Review:Multiple Functionalities of Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries

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综述：水系锌离子电池的多功能性

朱胜¹，倪江锋²

（1. 山西大学 分子科学研究所，太原 030006；

2. 苏州大学 物理科学与技术学院，苏州 215006）

中文说明：

水系锌离子电池因具有高能量、环境友好和高安全性等优点，成为一类颇具吸引力的电源供给设备。近年来，人们对水系锌离子电池的多功能性方面表现出极大的热情，旨在扩展其在多维度和多尺度上的潜在应用。这篇综述总结了水系锌离子电池在设计、构造和性能评估方面的最新进展，重点在于各种功能的介绍，例如柔性、自愈合性、自充电性和小型化，此外还强调了为实现这些功能在电极材料及器件构造方面的设计。最后，本文对该领域中所存在的挑战和机遇提供了一般性的见解。

关键词：锌离子电池；多功能性；柔性；自愈合；自充电；集成

     

火电厂精益检修管控系统的研究

检修是确保设备质量可靠、稳定健康的必要手段.介绍了火电厂精益检修管控系统的研究与应用.该系统结合现代信息技术,运用电力信息化、智能化技术在设备精益检修管控方面取得了一定成效,提升了发电企业等级检修的管理水平.     

Pseudocapacitive Sodium Storage by Ferroelectric Sn2P2S6 with Layered Nanostructure

Sodium ion batteries (SIB) are considered promising alternative candidates for lithium ion batteries (LIB) because of the wide availability and low cost of sodium, therefore the development of alternative sodium storage materials with comparable performance to LIB is urgently desired. The sodium ions with larger sizes resist intercalation or alloying because of slow reaction kinetics. Most pseudocapacitive sodium storage materials are based on subtle nanomaterial engineering, which is difficult for large‐scale production. Here, ferroelectric Sn₂P₂S₆ with layered nanostructure is developed as sodium ion storage material. The ferroelectricity‐enhanced pseudocapacitance of sodium ion in the interlayer spacing makes the electrochemical reaction easier and faster, endowing the Sn₂P₂S₆ electrode with excellent rate capability and cycle stability. Furthermore, the facile solid state reaction synthesis and common electrode fabrication make the Sn₂P₂S₆ that becomes a promising anode material of SIB.     

Laser‐induced heating for in situ DNA replication and detection in microchannels

This study proposes a method for in situ local deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) replication and detection in a long DNA strand through laser‐induced heating and strong avidin–biotin binding. To achieve the target DNA replication, dielectrophoresis was generated to stretch and immobilise DNA strands on both ends of the electrode. Subsequently, local DNA sequences were replicated using thermal cycles generated by laser‐induced heating. Replicated double‐stranded DNA products were captured in situ on a solid surface and detected using the fluorescence intensity of quantum dots (Qdots). The results revealed that after six laser‐induced thermal cycles, the replicated local DNA sequence could be detected by analysing the difference between Qdot fluorescent intensity before and after replication. The proposed method is expected to improve the efficiency of biosample gene sequence analysis.Inspec keywords: DNA, molecular biophysics, fluorescence, electrophoresis, biochemistry, molecular configurations, quantum dots, laser beam applications, biothermicsOther keywords: laser‐induced heating, long DNA strand, target DNA replication, DNA strands, local DNA sequences, thermal cycles, replicated double‐stranded DNA products, replicated local DNA sequence, in situ DNA replication, in situ local deoxyribonucleic acid replication, strong avidin‐biotin binding, biosample gene sequence analysis, Qdot fluorescent intensity, laser‐induced thermal cycles     

Integrative computational approach to evaluate risk genes for postmenopausal osteoporosis

In recent years, numerous studies reported over a hundred of genes playing roles in the etiology of postmenopausal osteoporosis (PO). However, many of these candidate genes were lack of replication and results were not always consistent. Here, the authors proposed a computational workflow to curate and evaluate PO related genes. They integrate large‐scale literature knowledge data and gene expression data (PO case/control: 10/10) for the marker evaluation. Pathway enrichment, sub‐network enrichment, and gene–gene interaction analysis were conducted to study the pathogenic profile of the candidate genes, with four metrics proposed and validated for each gene. By using the authors'' approach, a scalable PO genetic database was developed; including PO related genes, diseases, pathways, and the supporting references. The PO case/control classification supported the effectiveness of the four proposed metrics, which successfully identified eight well‐studied top PO genes (e.g. TGFB1, IL6, IL1B, TNF, ESR2, IGF1, HIF1A, and COL1A1) and highlighted one recently reported PO genes (e.g. IFNG). The computational biology approach and the PO database developed in this study provide a valuable resource which may facilitate understanding the genetic profile of PO.Inspec keywords: biology computing, genetics, diseases, boneOther keywords: risk genes, postmenopausal osteoporosis, integrative computational approach, gene expression data, gene‐gene interaction analysis, IL1B, TNF, ESR2, HIF1A, COL1A1, PO genes     

治疗超声系统换能器阻抗及驱动功率测量技术

换能器是治疗超声系统的核心部件之一,其阻抗和驱动功率关系到治疗超声的安全性和有效性。文章研制出一种基于电压-电流转换电路和数据采集卡的测量装置。使用该装置测量频率为1.36 MHz和3 MHz换能器在不同幅度信号驱动下的阻抗、相位角和功率。该装置的测量结果与采用电压、电流探头及功率组件的示波器方法和商用功率计方法的测量结果进行了对比,表明本装置测量阻抗模相对误差在±2Ω以内,阻抗角相对误差在±2°以内,测量入射功率和有功功率误差小于5%。结果证明了用该装置实时测量换能器阻抗和驱动功率的可行性。     

冷等离子体处理对生鲜鸡胸肉杀菌效果及品质影响

目的 研究沿面介质阻挡放电(Surface Dielectric Barrier Discharge,SDBD)等离子体对生鲜鸡胸肉的杀菌作用及品质影响。方法 采用放电功率为260 W的SDBD等离子体分别处理生鲜鸡胸肉2 min和4 min,并于4 ℃贮藏12 d。每隔3 d取样,测定菌落总数、色泽、pH、汁液流失率、硫代巴比妥酸反应物(Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances,TBARS)含量、挥发性盐基氮(Total Volatile Basic Nitrogen,TVB-N)含量及质构特性。结果 经SDBD等离子体处理2 min或4 min,并于4 ℃贮藏12 d后,生鲜鸡胸肉的菌落总数分别为7.16 lg(CFU/g)和6.70 lg(CFU/g),均低于对照组样品的菌落总数(7.55 lg(CFU/g))。此外,SDBD等离子体处理能够显著(P<0.05)改善冷藏期间鸡胸肉的品质参数,如pH、色泽(L^*、a^*和b^*)、汁液流失率、TVB–N含量和质构特性(硬度、弹性、咀嚼性等),但对脂质氧化具有促进作用。结论 SDBD等离子体对生鲜鸡胸肉具有良好的杀菌效果,并有效保持了其品质,在鸡胸肉保鲜上具有巨大的应用前景。