Water-Soluble Flavor and Odor Precursors of Meat. 3. Changes in Nucleotides, Total Nusleosides and Bases of Beef, Pork and Lamb During Heating

SUMMARY: Studies were made of the influence of heating on nucleotides and total purine nucleosides and bases of beef, pork and lamb muscle. lnosinic acid was the predominant nucleotide in all three species and it was degraded by heating. Adenylic acid increased during cooking in meat from all three species. Cytidylic, uridylic and guanylic acids were present in relatively low concentrations in meat from all three species and changed little during cooking. A rapid method for estimating total nucleotides resulted in greater variation than a specific method for measuring individual nucleotides.     

MULTIVARIATE ANALYSES OF PARENTS' MMPIS BASED ON THE PSYCHIATRIC DIAGNOSES OF THEIR CHILDREN.

ATTEMPTED TO DETERMINE IF THE MEAN MMPI PROFILES OF THE PARENTS OF 6 CHILD DIAGNOSTIC GROUPS WERE SIGNIFICANTLY DIFFERENT FROM EACH OTHER. THE PARENTS WERE GROUPED ACCORDING TO THE DIAGNOSES OF THEIR CHILDREN. SEPARATE ANALYSES WERE MADE FOR THE MOTHERS OF MALES, MOTHERS OF FEMALES, FATHERS OF MALES, AND FATHERS OF FEMALES. AN OVERALL MULTIVARIATE TEST OF THE DIFFERENCES IN THE PARENTS' MEAN MMPI PROFILES FOR EACH OF THE SAMPLES INDICATED SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES IN PARENT PROFILES ONLY FOR THE MOTHERS OF MALE CHILDREN. HOWEVER, THE DIFFERENCE FOR THIS ANALYSIS WAS NOT OF MUCH PRACTICAL SIGNIFICANCE. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Laser‐preparation of geometrically optimised samples for X‐ray nano‐CT

A robust and versatile sample preparation technique for the fabrication of cylindrical pillars for imaging by X‐ray nano‐computed tomography (nano‐CT) is presented. The procedure employs simple, cost‐effective laser micro‐machining coupled with focused‐ion beam (FIB) milling, when required, to yield mechanically robust samples at the micrometre length‐scale to match the field‐of‐view (FOV) for nano‐CT imaging. A variety of energy and geological materials are exhibited as case studies, demonstrating the procedure can be applied to a variety of materials to provide geometrically optimised samples whose size and shape are tailored to the attenuation coefficients of the constituent phases. The procedure can be implemented for the bespoke preparation of pillars for both lab‐ and synchrotron‐based X‐ray nano‐CT investigations of a wide range of samples.     

Optimal periodic control of variable time-delay systems

Periodic control of a general class of dynamic systems involving state and control dependent time delays is considered. Variational analyses yield a necessary condition for optimality and a sufficient condition for proper periodicity. The latter result is applied to analyse a single input-single output example.     

Two algorithms for frequency domain design of robust control systems

Two algorithms are described that are useful in the computer-aided design implementation of the robust controller design scheme proposed by Horowitz (1963) and Horowitz and Sidi (1972).     

Simple sliding mode control scheme applied to robot manipulators!

We present a simple sliding mode control scheme for robot manipulators that does not rely upon the construction of individually stable discontinuity surfaces, thus greatly reducing the complexity of design. We utilize the structure of the manipulator dynamics and Lyapunov's second method in order to establish a sliding surface on the intersection of the switching surfaces in a direct manner. A simple numerical example accompanies the theoretical development.     

Monitoring snow area and depth with integration of remote sensing and GIS

Abstract

This article reports recent progress in monitoring snow area and snow depth over the U.K. using NOAA AVHRR data. A series of transportable programmes have been developed and updated for data calibration and navigation. The establishment of a database registered to the British National Grid enables the generation of subsequent thematic overlays for any selected area. Results of snow area mapping and estimation have been validated by means of high-resolution Landsal TM data and data from U.K. Meteorological Office Snow Survey Reports. Assignment of snow depth values has also been attempted. The integration of remote sensing and GIS has facilitated the work, and will be further deployed.