Acute enteritis associated with reovirus-like agents

In Atlanta, from January to April 1975, reovirus-like agents (RLAs) were detected by a simplified electron-microscopic technique in the stools of 16 of 29 children with acute enteritis. Complement fixation tests with purified RLA antigens demonstrated antibody titer rises in seven children with RLA in their stools and in two mothers (one symptomatic) from whom acute and convalescent sera were available. Complement fixation tests performed on 207 individuals of varying ages and 60 laboratory workers indicated a high frequency of past infection with RLA, the highest frequency being in children 6 months to 4 years of age. These results corroborate the high rate of RLA detection in the stools of children with acute enteritis in other parts of the world and suggest that such infections can also occur in adults.     

The effect of dietary fiber supplementation in man. I. Modification of eating habits

Six subjects were studied for an 8-week period that consisted of a 3-week control period, followed by a 3-week period during which their daily diets were supplemented with 3 oz of a high fiber breakfast food, All-bran, and a final 2 weeks on their regular diet. Daily diet records of food intake were recorded and analyzed for seven dietary constituents; carbohydrates, proteins, fats, cholesterol, fiber, alcohol, and total calories. The most significant change in eating behavior due to the fiber food supplementation was a decrease in eating eggs, butter, and breakfast meats. These foods were most often replaced because all six subjects chose to eat the major portion of All-bran during breakfast. An increase in milk and fruit also occurred during the supplemented feeding. These particular foods were added to make All-bran more palatable and served to increase carbohydrate and protein intake. Five subjects added the supplement to the between meal-time intake and thus caused an increase in total daily caloric intake. At lunch and dinner few foods were altered with no particular pattern of substitution. Notwithstanding the knowledge that increased fiber content may have beneficial effects, none of the subjects modified his eating behavior to include even 1 oz of a high fiber food daily after the experimental period was concluded. Thus behavior modification by forced diet intake of a high fiber breakfast food resulted in definite diet pattern changes that did not persist following the experimental period.     

Elastic-plastic fracture mechanics analysis of an SENB specimen

This paper describes the elastic-plastic analysis of a Single Edge Notched Bend (SENB) specimen, a specimen commonly used for the determination of the fracture toughness of a material. First, a two-dimensional convergence study is described to investigate the influence of mesh size on the global response of the specimen and the fracture mechanics parameters J and COD. Then a three-dimensional analysis is compared with experimental results. The three-dimensional computational results show a good agreement with the experiments, except for the load region where the global deformations were dominated by the Lueders zone in the material stress-strain curve.     

Q-band polymorphism in a family of pygmy chimpanzees (Pan paniscus)

A polymorphic condition for the Q-band intense region of chromosome number 22 is identified in the pygmy chimpanzee (Pan paniscus). This polymorphism allows us to trace the pattern of inheritance of a number 22 chromosome in a family of pygmy chimpanzees. Previous Q-band findings are verified.