Pathogenicity of K. ozaenae for mice and chick embryos

The authors tested the virulence of K. ozaenae--its old museum strains, the freshly isolated ones and those passaged on meat-peptone agar; experiments were carried out on mice and chick embryos. To mice the culture was administered intraperitoneally, subcutaneously, intranasally, and to embryos--into the allantoic cavity and on the chorioallantoic membrane. Irrespective of the method of administration, the freshly isolated strains were highly virulent both for mice and for chick embryos. The virulence of such strains decreased in the process of passaging on the nutrient medium. Old museum strains were of low virulence for albino mice and avirulent for chick embryos. In comparing the virulent and avirulent strains there were found no differences in the antigenic structure and toxicity of the Boiven complex, cytoplasm, membrane, capsular polysaccharide or whole virulent and avirulent bacteria killed by heating.     

The ultrastructural and functional expression of the hepatocyte genome under conditions of prolonged inhibition of protein biosynthesis by cycloheximide. V]

A review of 76 Southampton children with Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura has confirmed that there is no evidence of a streptococcal aetiology in the majority of cases of this disease. Among these patients the frequency of preceding respiratory infection of all kinds was only 7 percent greater than that in controls. Data on month of admission in four areas of England and Scotland show that the incidence of the disease is lowest in the June-August period. Contrary to previous findings there is no marked peak of incidence in any single month.     

Ganglioneuroma of the small intestine

The ganglioneuroma is a rare, benign tumor of the small bowel. The clinical symptomatology and morphology of the tumor are presented in detail. The differences in histopathology between ganglioneuroma and eosinophilic granulomatous polyp are discussed. Therapy should be resection of the tumor.     

Oxindole-3-spiropyrrolidines and -piperidines. Synthesis and local anesthetic activity

The synthesis and local anesthetic properties of five 1-dealkyloxindole-3-spiropyrrolidines and six 1-dealkyloxindole-3-spiropiperidines are described. The compounds studied include members of all five possible positional isomers of the two classes of spirooxindoles; all showed local anesthetic activity by the rat sciatic nerve block method. The coincidence of the least variability in the relative positions of basic nitrogen, amide carbonyl, and aromatic ring (compounds 1 and 6) with lowest normalized toxicity is noteworthy.     

Differences in attitudes toward sex-typed behavior of nonretarded and retarded children

The present study was an initial attempt at understanding gender constancy in retarded children. Stories about retarded or nonretarded boys or girls were given to teachers and caretakers of retarded children and teachers of nonretarded children. The stories described children in four sex-stereotyped activities. Respondents rated each child in the stories on scales of typicality and acceptability. Results indicated that, while nonretarded children were rated as typical when engaging in sex-appropriate, desirable play activities, retarded children were rated as typical when engaging in undesirable activities, regardless of sex appropriateness. Different professional groups appeared to use different criteria when judging the children in the stories.     

Caroli's disease with intrahepatic gall-stones and salmonella infection

At operation for small bowel intussusception, a 26-year-old man was found to have an enlarged liver and spleen. Subsequent investigations suggested bile passage infection associated with numerous intrahepatic gall-stones but symptomatic cholangitis did not present until 5 months later. Retrograde cholangiography showed cavernous ectasia of the bile ducts which contained gall-stones.     

Comparative ultrastructure of vallate, foliate and fungiform taste buds of golden Syrian hamster

A fine-structure study of the hamster fungiform, foliate and vallate taste buds was undertaken for comparative purposes. All three taste bud types shared in common composition of the dark cells, light cells, basal cells, nerve fibers and nerve endings and undifferentiated peripheral cells, but morphological difference existed among them. The foliate and vallate taste buds were quite similar in their ultrastructural morphology. Their dark cells displayed long apical necks, long apical microvilli, apical osmiophilic secretory granules and an abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum. The dark cells of the fungiform taste buds, however, showed no neck formation and lacked apical osmiophilic granules. They had short apical microvilli and relatively scant rough endoplasmic reticulum. There was no difference in the fine structure features of the light cells, basal cells and neural elements of different types of taste buds. Both light and dark cells were much more readily distinguishable in foliate and vallate buds than in fungiform buds at both light-and electron-microscopic levels. Foliate and vallate buds demonstrated homogeneous dense substance within the taste pores while fungiform pores were frequently empty. It is speculated that the differences in taste bud morphology may be due to their different lingual locations and/or may be a reflection of the differences in the inductive influences from different nerves. Furthermore, structural differences may be responsible for varying thresholds to different taste modalities.     

Recurrent pregnancies during oral contraception

The records of the Royal College of General Practitioners' Oral Contraception Study were examined for those women who had become pregnant while using combined oral contraceptive pills. Analysis reveals that these women are much more likely than average to have further failures if they resume taking the Pill (seven failures in 35 women-years, compared with one in 500 women-years for the whole study). This finding could occur through some factor in the patient's personality (patient failure) or through some factor in the patient's metabolism.