Victims of rape: Repeated assessment of depressive symptoms.

115 rape victims (aged 15–71 yrs) were examined at 2 wks and at 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 mo after the assault. A matched control group of 87 nonvictims was seen at the same intervals. To control for the effects of repeated testing, 3 additional groups of 22–26 victims were assessed only once at 2, 4, or 8 mo postrape. All Ss completed the Beck Depression Inventory and the Hamilton Psychiatric Rating Scale for Depression. Depressive symptoms were significantly higher in victims of rape than in nonvictim controls following the assault. By 4 mo postrape, depressive symptoms in the victim group had diminished to the level shown by the nonvictim control group. Results from the single-testing victim groups indicated that repeated assessment affected the self-report measure, but not the interviewer-rated measure. Variables reflecting pre-rape functioning were more predictive of continued problems with depressive symptoms than were demographic variables or variables associated with the rape and its aftermath. (17 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Testing for regression homogeneity under variance heterogeneity.

One of the assumptions underlying the F test of parallelism of 2 or more regression lines is that the within-group residual variances are homogeneous. In the present study, a 2-group Monte Carlo investigation examined the effect of violating this assumption for F, a large-sample chi-square approximation (U?), and an approximate F test (F*). In terms of Type I error probabilities, the standard F test performed acceptably well as long as sample sizes were equal. This was not true when sample sizes were unequal, with F* proving to be clearly superior. The pattern of results parallel exactly what is known about the robustness of the F test when testing for mean differences in the presence of unequal variances. (9 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A Multimedia Application for Teaching Design for Manufacturing

This paper describes the interactive multimedia injection molding tutor developed at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. The purpose of the tutor is to use visually stimulating animations in order to enable the user, a student or anyone not familiar with the process of injection molding, in understanding the relationship between part design and the ease or difficulty of producing the part. Preliminary evaluations indicate that the tutor can be successful in achieving these objectives.     

In situ response time testing of thermocouples

Response time information is important in most applications involving transient temperature measurements with thermocouples. Traditionally, the response time of a thermocouple is measured in a laboratory at a reference condition. The laboratory response time information is useful for comparative evaluation of thermocouples but may have little relationship with the response time for the sensor in service. This is because of the effects of installation and process operating conditions on response time.

A method has been developed and validated for response time testing of thermocouples as installed in an operating process. The details are reviewed in this paper. The method is referred to as the Loop Current Step Response Test. The test involves an internal heating of the thermocouple by applying an electrical current to the thermocouple extension wires. The current is then terminated and the thermocouple output is monitored as it returns to ambient temperature. This transient output is analyzed to identify the time constant of the thermocouple. A mathematical transformation is used to convert the internal transient data to the response of the thermocouple for an external temperature perturbation.     

2006国际风景园林师联合会学生设计竞赛综述

2006国际风景园林师联合会学生设计竞赛会议召集人是明尼苏达大学风景园林系教授Lance Neckar。评审组由3位成员组成：当地指定的有明尼苏达大学风景园林系副教授Kristine Miller及明尼阿波利斯市资深风景园林师Andrew Caddock。JFLA代表有lFLA竞赛委员会主任，卡尔加里大学城市设计系教授Beverly Sandalack。竞赛主题是“被破坏的景观：处在危机边缘的空气、水、土地”（Damaged Landscapes：Air，Waterand Landin Crisis），共收到104份作品，奖项如下：     

Understanding children's injury-risk behavior: wearing safety gear can lead to increased risk taking

The present study examined whether school-age children show risk compensation and engage in greater risk taking when wearing safety gear compared to when not doing so when running an obstacle course containing hazards that could lead to physical injury. Because sensation seeking has been shown to influence risk taking, this child attribute was also assessed and related to risk compensation. Children 7-12 years of age were videotaped navigating the obstacle course twice, once wearing safety gear and once without safety gear, with reverse directions used to minimize possible practice effects. The time it took the child to run through the course and the number of reckless behaviors (e.g., falls, trips, bumping into things) that the child made while running the course were compared for the gear and no-gear conditions. Results indicated that children went more quickly and behaved more recklessly when wearing safety gear than when not wearing gear, providing evidence of risk compensation. Moreover, those high in sensation seeking showed greater risk compensation compared with other children. Implications for childhood injury prevention are discussed.     

Polymer swelling. XXIII. Molecular structure–affinity correlation studies involving poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) exposed to acyclic olefinic liquids

The adsorption parameters (α) of 45 olefinic liquids with respect to poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) were established gravimetrically in the usual way. Those for the structures that comprise R_aR_bCCR_cR_d, where each R is H or an alkyl group, can be fitted to log α_f = log α_i − D_s(N_f − N_i) relationships, where N_i and N_f are the initial and final number of mass units in the subseries of the above general molecular structure (GMS). The constant α_i reflects the number of methyl groups in lieu of H atoms and their positional relationship to each other on the double bond, whereas the constant D_s reflects the unit change in log α_i caused by incrementation of a (CH₂)_nR substituent from n = 1 to its allowable limit while the rest of the molecular structure is kept constant. The results observed thereby confirm that these adsorption phenomena involve a liaison between the pendent phenyl groups of the sorbent polymer and the double bond of the sorbate liquid. The adsorption data accumulated in these studies show that in the cases of olefinic liquids carrying other kinds of functional groups, such as aromatic or ether groups, the adsorption preference usually favors the other functionality, leaving the olefinic group in the “nonadsorbed” portion of the adsorbed molecule where it can exert a positive influence on adsorptivity due to dynamic associative interactions with the mobile sorbed molecules of its own kind. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 73: 1583–1609, 1999     

Advanced distillation curve measurements for corrosive fluids: Application to two crude oils

We have recently introduced several important improvements in the measurement of distillation curves for complex fluids. The modifications include a composition-explicit data channel for each distillate fraction (for both qualitative and quantitative analysis) and corrosivity assessment of each distillate fraction. The composition-explicit information is achieved with a new sampling approach that allows precise qualitative as well as quantitative analyses of each fraction, on the fly. We have applied the new method to a variety of fluids, including simple n-alkanes, rocket propellant, gasoline, jet fuels, and a hydrocarbon fluid made corrosive with dissolved hydrogen sulfide. In the current contribution, we present the application of the advanced distillation curve method to two samples of crude oil. A primary motivation behind the work is to precisely measure the distillation curves of these oils using our advanced distillation apparatus; these low uncertainty measurements of true thermodynamic state points can be used for equation of state development and differentiation of crude oil samples. Then, the information content of each distillation was extended much further by use of the composition-explicit data channel: gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), infrared spectrophotometry (IR), gas chromatography with sulfur chemiluminescence detection (GC–SCD), and the copper strip corrosion test (CSCT) were used for each distillate volume fraction sampled. Consequently, for each volume fraction of crude oil distillate sampled, we can address the composition, quantitate the total sulfur content, and measure the corrosivity.     

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) alter larval settlement of marine intertidal organisms across three phyla via reducing bacterial abundance on the biofilms

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been widely used as flame retardants over the last three decades, and are now ubiquitous in the marine environment. While the harmful effects of PBDEs on the abnormal development and reproductive impairment in mammals and fish are well documented, the effects on marine invertebrates remain virtually unknown. Using three model intertidal species accross three phyla, including the polychaete Hydroides elegans (Phylum Annelida), the gastropod Crepidula onyx (Phylum Mollusca), and the barnacle Balanus amphitrite (Phylum Arthopoda), this study demonstrated that (a) chronic exposure to BDE-47 (at spiking concentrations up to 1000 ng L(-1)) throughout the entire larval stage did not affect settlement, development or growth of all three species per se, despite bioaccumulation was clearly evident (measured body burden ranging from approximately 7000 to 13?000 ng BDE-47 g(-1) lipid), and (b) BDE-47, at measured concentrations of 15 and 113 ng g(-1) lipid, reduced the bacterial abundance in biofilms and resulted in a concomitant change in larval settlement pattern of all the model intertidal species across three phyla.