基于神经网络的BT20钛合金本构关系模型

在Thermecmastor-Z型热模拟试验机上对BT20钛合金进行了变形温度800～1 100℃及应变速率0.001～70 s-1的热模拟压缩实验。以实验数据为基础,运用BP神经网络算法原理,建立了BT20钛合金在高温变形条件下的应力与应变、应变速率和变形温度关系的预测模型,并对模型的泛化能力进行了误差评价。结果表明:通过BP神经网络建立的合金本构关系模型具有较高的预测精度,预测结果的相对误差均在3%以内,能很好地满足实际应用的需求。此外,该模型能够客观、真实地描述BT20钛合金的高温动态变形行为,为材料高温本构关系模型的建立提供了快捷、有效的工具。     

Q420qE厚板的回火工艺探讨

针对Q420qE厚板回火出现屈强比升高的问题,对Q420qE不同回火温度的组织转变进行研究,找出不同回火工艺过程中析出物对钢板屈服强度的影响规律,提出了符合现场实际生产条件的回火工艺,成功应用于实际生产。     

Nitrogen utilization and transformation in red soil fertilized with urea and ryegrass

The influence of fertilization with urea and ryegrass on nitrogen utilization and transformation in red soil has been studied by using ^15N tracer method.When urea and ryegrass were applied alone or in combination,the percentage of N uptaken by ryegrass from labelled urea was 3 and 1.7 times that from labelled ryegrass for the application rate of 200mgN.kg^-1 and 100mgN.kg^-1,respectively;combining application of ryegrass and ureareduced uptake of urea N and increased uptake of ryegrass N by ryegrass plant,but the percentage of N residued in soil increased for urea and decreased for ryegrass.when urea and ryegrass were applied alone,the percentage of N residued in soil from labelled ryegrass was more than 69% while that from labelled urea was less than 25%,and much more ryegrass N was incorporated into humus than urea N.     

Radionuclides in primary coolant of a fluoride salt-cooled high-temperature reactor during normal operation

The release of fission products from coated particle fuel to primary coolant,as well as the activation of coolant and impurities,were analysed for a fluoride salt-cooled high-temperature reactor (FHR) system,and the activity of radionuclides accumulated in the coolant during normal operation was calculated.The release rate (release fraction per unit time) of fission products was calculated with STACY code,which is modelled mainly based on the Fick's law,while the activation of coolant and impurities was calculated with SCALE code.The accumulation of radionuclides in the coolant has been calculated with a simplified model,which is generally a time integration considering the generation and decay of radionuclides.The results show that activation products are the dominant gamma source in the primary coolant system during normal operation of the FHR while fission products become the dominant source after shutdown.In operation condition,health-impacts related nuclides such as 3H,and 14C originate from the activation of lithium and coolant impurities including carbon,nitrogen,and oxygen.According to the calculated effective cross sections of neutron activation,6Li and 14N are the dominant 3H production source and 14C production source,respectively.Considering the high production rate,3H and 14C should be treated before being released to the environment.     

黄土包气带水分运移的现场研究

本文主要介绍在核素迁移试验现场进行的黄土包气带水分运移研究的方法和主要结果。包气带水分运移试验场建有一座 9.0 m深的负压计观测竖井和二个 2 8.0 m深的中子仪测管。分别采用 WM- 1型负压计系统和 IHiii型土壤中子水分仪测量黄土剖面的基质势和含水量。一组负压计和中子仪测管在天然条件下测量 ,连续观测 2年多 ,用于水分运移特征研究 ;另一组测量停止淹灌后的水分再分配过程 ,连续观测 7个月 ,用于非饱和渗透系数测定。结果表明 :(1)降雨入渗主要影响深度、蒸发影响深度在 1.0 m以上 ;(2 )水分运移可分为 4个带 :1.0 m深度以上为强交替带 ,含水量、水势和水势梯度随时间变化快、变幅大 ,液态水的运移比较明显 ;1.0～ 7.2 m深度上为含水量和水势随时间变化小的弱交替带 ,除黄土颗粒大小变化较大的深度处 ,一般来说 ,水势梯度方向单向向下 ,其中 :含水量和水势在 1.0～ 1.6 m深度上随时间变化较大 ,液态水的运移也比较明显 ;在 5.0～ 7.2 m深度上 ,水分变化很小 ,基本趋于稳定状态 ,液态水的运移很不明显 ,微弱的热水汽扩散显现出来 ;在 7.2～ 2 3.0 m深度上 ,含水量除在黄土 -古土壤 -钙质结核层组合交界处有变化外 ,其余则基本保持与黄土颗粒大小变化相对应的稳定状态 ,为水分运移的传递带 ;2 3.     

熔池中液态金属自由表面温度分布与液面形状研究

根据Ｙｏｕｎｇ－Ｌａｐｌａｃｅ方程对液态铀溶池的自由表面进行了数值计算。得到了表面凹陷与表面温度分布的关系。阐明了电子枪加热金属表面时出现的凹陷是由于原子蒸汽对液态金属表面反冲压力所引起的，而不是电子束的冲量造成的观点。对不同最高温度及不同熔池宽度的液态铀熔池表面凹陷形状进行了计算。     

~(147)Pm对小鼠生殖细胞的遗传毒理效应

本文研究观察了小鼠静脉摄入重核裂变产物~(147)Pm后不同间隔时间对生殖细胞染色体畸变和精子(主要是无钩精子)畸形的诱变效应,实验结果发现~(147)Pm可诱发精原细胞染色体结构畸变;随着机体受内污染时间的延长,染色体畸变率和多倍体细胞也有所增加,同时~(147)Pm也可诱发初级精母细胞产生染色体断片和易位,形成多价体。染色体断片率随~(147)Pm辐照时间的延长而升高。而多价体只在内污染10天后的实验组中出现。     

EnGAN：医学图像分割中的增强生成对抗网络

原始采集的医学图像普遍存在对比度不足、细节模糊以及噪声干扰等质量问题,使得现有医学图像分割技术的精度很难达到新的突破。针对医学图像数据增强技术进行研究,在不明显改变图像外观的前提下,通过添加特定的像素补偿和进行细微的图像调整来改善原始图像质量问题,从而提高图像分割准确率。首先,设计引入了一个新的优化器模块,以产生一个连续分布的空间作为迁移的目标域,该优化器模块接受数据集的标签作为输入,并将离散的标签数据映射到连续分布的医学图像中;其次,提出了一个基于对抗生成网络的EnGAN模型,并将优化器模块产生的迁移目标域用来指导对抗网络的目标生成,从而将改善的医学图像质量知识植入模型中实现图像增强。基于COVID-19数据集,实验中使用U-Net、U-Net+ResNet34、U-Net+Attn Res U-Net等卷积神经网络作为骨干网络,Dice系数和交并比分别达到了73.5%和69.3%、75.1%和70.5%,以及75.2%和70.3%。实验的结果表明,提出的医学图像质量增强技术在最大限度保留原始特征的条件下,有效地提高了分割的准确率,为后续的医学图像处理研究提供了一个更为稳健和高效的解决方案。     

Performance of N95 elastomeric respirators in high humidity and high coal dust concentration environmentOA

High humidity and high dust concentration in deep coal mines may severely challenge the performance of respirators worn by coal miners.This paper aims at quantitatively evaluating the respirators used in deep coal mines and providing scientific guidance for the respiratory protection of miners.Based on the self-designed in-situ PM_2.5collector,controllable PM_2.5generator,human breathing simulator,and respirator simulation testing system,under the simulated deep mine working ...     

A new approach to secure economic power dispatch

This article presents a new nonlinear convex network flow programming model and algorithm for solving the on-line economic power dispatch with N and N−1 security. Based on the load flow equations, a new nonlinear convex network flow model for secure economic power dispatch is set up and then transformed into a quadratic programming model, in which the search direction in the space of the flow variables is to be solved. The concept of maximum basis in a network flow graph was introduced so that the constrained quadratic programming model was changed into an unconstrained quadratic programming model which was then solved by the reduced gradient method. The proposed model and its algorithm were examined numerically with an IEEE 30-bus test system on an ALPHA 400 Model 610 machine. Satisfactory results were obtained.