绿色电镀技术系统示范项目

根据生产实践和现场数据,详细介绍了安美特公司配合中国环境保护产业协会和中国表面工程协会共同启动的"绿色电镀技术示范项目"的实施状况.该示范项目的核心内容是包括前处理、锌合金电镀及后处理在内的防腐蚀镀层组合实用技术.经被试点电镀企业投放于大生产实践的长期使用,该示范项目取得了上佳的环境和经济效益:单位水耗降低了85%,单位能耗降低了65%;电镀废水中COD减少了50%,电镀速率提高了50%,产品一次合格率从90%提高到98%;钝化液中锌杂质削减了65%～95%,铁杂质削减了85%～95%,而且彻底杜绝了锌镍合金电镀过程中氰化物的产生.     

Storage of Spinach Under Low Oxygen Atmosphere Above the Extinction Point

The extinction point of spinach was <0.4% but above 0.2% O₂ at 0° and 5°C. Respiration rates were ～2.3 times greater at 5°C than at 0°C and were similar among cultivars. In 0.8% O₂ atmosphere, O₂ uptake of three cultivars was reduced by an average of 53% and CO₂ production was reduced by 35% relative to those stored in air. Deterioration of leaves was reduced by 30 to 54%, while weight loss, color and chlorophyll content were not affected by the 0.8% O₂ atmosphere. Thus O₂ could be allowed to be depleted to 0.8% in modified atmosphere packaging without quality loss due to anoxia.     

Effect of short-term hormone replacement therapy on left ventricular mass and contractile function

This study examined the effects of neonatal cocaine exposure on the rewarding properties of play in a modified T-maze. Animals were artificially reared from postnatal day (PND) 4-9 with drug concentrated in four daily feeds. There were four treatment groups, 40 mg/kg/day cocaine, 20 mg/kg/day cocaine, an artificially reared control and a surgery control. From PND 38-42, subjects were tested with a food reward (EXP 1) or a play reward (EXP 2). No deficits in learning were seen when the reward was food. The 20 mg/kg/day cocaine group, however, showed impaired learning and altered play behavior when the reward was access to a play partner. Neonatal cocaine exposure thus appears to differentially affect learning based on the type of reward presented.     

Velocity invariance of receptive field structure in somatosensory cortical area 3b of the alert monkey

This is the second in a series of studies of the neural representation of tactile spatial form in cortical area 3b of the alert monkey. We previously studied the spatial structure of 330 area 3b neuronal receptive fields (RFs) on the fingerpad with random dot patterns scanned at one velocity (40 mm/sec; ). Here, we analyze the temporal structure of 84 neuronal RFs by studying their spatial structure at three scanning velocities (20, 40, and 80 mm/sec). As in the previous study, most RFs contained a single, central, excitatory region and one or more surrounding or flanking inhibitory regions. The mean time delay between skin stimulation and its excitatory effect was 15.5 msec. Except for differences in mean rate, each neuron's response and the spatial structure of its RF were essentially unaffected by scanning velocity. This is the expected outcome when excitatory and inhibitory effects are brief and synchronous. However, that interpretation is consistent neither with the reported timing of excitation and inhibition in somatosensory cortex nor with the third study in this series, which investigates the effect of scanning direction and shows that one component of inhibition lags behind excitation. We reconcile these observations by showing that overlapping (in-field) inhibition delayed relative to excitation can produce RF spatial structure that is unaffected by changes in scanning velocity. Regardless of the mechanisms, the velocity invariance of area 3b RF structure is consistent with the velocity invariance of tactile spatial perception (e.g., roughness estimation and form recognition).     

A novel helix termination mutation in keratin 10 in annular epidermolytic ichthyosis, a variant of bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma

Annular epidermolytic ichthyosis is a distinct phenotypic variant of bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma that has recently been described in two separate kindreds. Individuals with this variant present with bullous ichthyosis in early childhood and hyperkeratotic lichenified plaques in the flexural areas and extensor surfaces at later ages. Characteristically, they also develop intermittent bouts of annular and polycyclic, erythematous, scaly plaques on the trunk and proximal extremities. We now describe a third kindred with annular epidermolytic ichthyosis. Molecular analysis of this family revealed a novel mutation resulting in an isoleucine to threonine substitution at residue 107 (codon 446) within the highly conserved helix termination motif at the end of the rod domain of keratin 10.     

CD4-CD8-C.B-17 SCID thymocytes enter the CD4+CD8+ stage in the presence of neonatally grafted T cells

Our previous studies in iron-loaded rat heart cells showed that in vitro iron loading results in peroxidative injury, manifested in a marked decrease in rate and amplitude of heart cell contractility and rhythmicity, which is correctable by treatment with deferoxamine (DF). In the present studies we explored the role of mitochondrial damage in myocardial iron toxicity. Iron loading by 24-hour incubation with 0.36 mmol/L ferric ammonium citrate resulted in a decrease in the activity of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH)-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (complex I+III) to 35.3%+/-11.2% of the value in untreated controls; of succinate-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (complex II+III) to 57.4%+/-3.1%; and of succinate dehydrogenase to 63.5%+/-12.6% (p < 0.001 in all cases). The decrease in activity of other mitochondrial enzymes, including NADH-ferricyanide reductase, succinate ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex II), cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV), and ubiquinol cytochrome c oxidoreductase (complex III), was less impressive and ranged from 71.5%+/-15.8% to 91.5%+/-14.6% of controls. That the observed loss of respiratory enzyme activity was a specific effect of iron toxicity was clearly demonstrated by the complete restoration of enzyme activities by in vitro iron chelation therapy. Sequential treatment with iron and doxorubicin caused a loss of complex I+III and complex II+III activity that was greater than that seen with either agent alone but was only partially correctable by DF treatment. Alterations in cellular adenosine triphosphate measurements paralleled very closely the changes observed in respiratory complex activity. These findings demonstrate for the first time the impairment of cardiac mitochondrial respiratory enzyme activity caused by iron loading at conditions formerly shown to produce severe abnormalities in contractility and rhythmicity.     

PURIFICATION OF THE CELLULAR RECEPTOR OF AN OYSTER JUICE BORNE COLIPHAGE OJ367 FROM THE OUTER MEMBRANE OF ESCHERICHIA COLI HOST

The cellular receptor of an oyster juice borne phage OJ367 was found in the outer membrane (OM) of its host Escherichia coli. The total cell envelope (TCE) was fractionated by differential extraction and it was found that the OM possesses phage neutralization ability. The OM was purified by diethylaminoethyl cellulose column chromatography to screen for the phage recognition moiety. A homogeneous, 39‐kDa OM protein (Omp) with receptor activity was eluted. It was a peptidoglycan (PG)‐associated protein which showed trypsin resistance. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) had no effect on its receptor activity either when coexisting in the column fractions or when the isolated LPS was mixed with the Omp. Mutants resistant to lysis by phage OJ367 were isolated. The amount of the 39‐kDa and another PG‐associated 37‐kDa protein decreased significantly in the TCE of the mutant. The 39‐kDa Omp may serve as the cellular receptor for adherence of the coliphage, whereas the 37‐kDa protein is also involved in the infection mechanism.     

Forecasting user demand for wireless services: A socio-economic approach for Europe

This article reports the findings of a study for the European Commission to forecast demand for mobile communications services up to 2020. The study used a socio-economic approach including scenarios to explore the future and an original methodology for estimating traffic volumes under different socio-economic conditions. This article describes the objectives, outlines the methodology and summarises the results of the study. The study’s findings lay the foundation for a European consensus for calculating future spectrum requirements and are an important part of the process in the lead up to the World Radiocommunication Conference in 2007.