Test prediction and performance in a classroom context.

This study focused on students' ability to predict and postdict test performance in a classroom context. Ninety-nine undergraduate students participated during a semester-length course in which the relation between self-assessment and performance was stressed. Research questions were (a) Can students accurately predict test performance? (b) Does accuracy vary with performance? (c) Does prediction accuracy increase over multiple tests? and (d) Do prior performance and predictions of performance influence subsequent predictions? High-performing students were accurate, with accuracy improving over multiple exams. Low-performing students showed moderate prediction accuracy but good postdiction accuracy. Lowest performing students showed gross overconfidence in predictions and postdictions. Judgments of performance were influenced by prior judgments and not prior performance. Performance and judgments of performance had little influence on subsequent test preparation behavior. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A review of feature selection methods on synthetic data

With the advent of high dimensionality, adequate identification of relevant features of the data has become indispensable in real-world scenarios. In this context, the importance of feature selection is beyond doubt and different methods have been developed. However, with such a vast body of algorithms available, choosing the adequate feature selection method is not an easy-to-solve question and it is necessary to check their effectiveness on different situations. Nevertheless, the assessment of relevant features is difficult in real datasets and so an interesting option is to use artificial data. In this paper, several synthetic datasets are employed for this purpose, aiming at reviewing the performance of feature selection methods in the presence of a crescent number or irrelevant features, noise in the data, redundancy and interaction between attributes, as well as a small ratio between number of samples and number of features. Seven filters, two embedded methods, and two wrappers are applied over eleven synthetic datasets, tested by four classifiers, so as to be able to choose a robust method, paving the way for its application to real datasets.     

高能球磨法制备的碳纳米管增强铝基复合材料的微观组织和力学性能

采用高能球磨法制备了不同体积分数的碳纳米管(CNT)与Al粉的混合粉末,用粉末冶金工艺制备了CNT/A1复合材料.微观结构分析表明.球磨可以分散一定含量的CNT到Al基体中,并与其产生良好结合.在适当的球磨工艺下.球磨不会造成CNT的严重损伤.拉伸实验表明,CNT体积分数为1.5%时,力学性能达到了最高值,屈服强度相对于纯A1基体提高了53.6%.而CNT体积分数为3%时,形成了大量的CNT团聚,力学性能迅速下降.CNT/A1复合材料的主要强化机制为细晶强化和载荷传递.     

The types of failures and defect distribution by degree of danger of reservoirs exploited in the extreme north

The distribution of defects (planar and volumetric) according to the degree of danger to reservoirs has been analyzed. The main causes of accidents, as well as the dependences of the frequency of incidents on the temperature of reservoir use in the extreme north, have been found.     

Algorithms and software system for controlling the quality of glass batch using artificial neural networks

The problem of the computer-aided control of the temperature, humidity, and homogeneity of a glass batch and the degree of its compositional correspondence to a recipe using mathematical models based on artificial neural networks and a Siemens software tool system to improve the quality of flat glass has been solved.     

Formation of Multilayered Nanostructures of NV Sites in Single-Crystal CVD Diamond

Technical Physics Letters - The results of growing multilayered nitrogen-doped nanostructures that have the form of periodically arranged nanometer-thick nitrogen-containing layers in a...     

Diamond‐like‐carbon LC‐alignment layers for application in LCOS microdisplays

Abstract— To improve the lifetime and yield of LCOS microdisplays, non‐contact LC alignment techniques using inorganic materials are under investigation. This report focuses on oblique ion‐beam treatment of diamond‐like carbon (DLC) layers, and in particular on the influence of the ion dose on the LC alignment on DLC, keeping the ion‐beam angle (40°) and ion‐beam energy (170 eV) the same. LC alignment on ion‐milled DLC layers is uniform if the ion dose is between 3.8 × 10^?4 C/cm² and 5.5 × 10^?3 C/cm². Above and below this ion dose range, non‐uniform alignment is observed. NEXAFS experiments show that this is caused by lack of molecular anisotropy on the surface of the ion‐milled DLC layers. By varying the ion dose between 3.8 × 10^?4 C/cm² and 5.5 × 10^?3 C/cm², LC molecules have an average pre‐tilt between 3° and 5°, which is within the desired range for application in LCOS microdisplays. The lifetime of the LCOS microdisplays with ion‐milled DLC for projection‐TV application is, however, shorter than the lifetime of microdisplays with PI layers. Ion milling probably creates a reactive surface that is unstable under the high light fluxes used in projection TVs. A solution for this problem could be chemical passivation of the ion‐milled alignment layers. Initial experiments with passivation of ion‐milled PI resulted in an increase in lifetime, but the lifetime after passivation was still lower than the lifetime of rubbed PI layers (factor 0.7). Nevertheless, ion‐milling of DLC or PI can be a good alternative LC alignment technique in other LCD applications. LC‐alignment layers based on inorganic layers such as obliquely deposited SiO₂ films would be a better option for application in LCOS microdisplays due to their higher light stability.     

Myelin Quantification in White Matter Pathology of Progressive Multiple Sclerosis Post-Mortem Brain Samples: A New Approach for Quantifying Remyelination

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Repair through remyelination can be extensive, but quantification of remyelination remains challenging. To date, no method for standardized digital quantification of remyelination of MS lesions exists. This methodological study aims to present and validate a novel standardized method for myelin quantification in progressive MS brains to study myelin content more precisely. Fifty-five MS lesions in 32 tissue blocks from 14 progressive MS cases and five tissue blocks from 5 non-neurological controls were sampled. MS lesions were selected by macroscopic investigation of WM by standard histopathological methods. Tissue sections were stained for myelin with luxol fast blue (LFB) and histological assessment of de- or remyelination was performed by light microscopy. The myelin quantity was estimated with a novel myelin quantification method (MQM) in ImageJ. Three independent raters applied the MQM and the inter-rater reliability was calculated. We extended the method to diffusely appearing white matter (DAWM) and encephalitis to test potential wider applicability of the method. Inter-rater agreement was excellent (ICC = 0.96) and there was a high reliability with a lower- and upper limit of agreement up to −5.93% to 18.43% variation in myelin quantity. This study builds on the established concepts of histopathological semi-quantitative assessment of myelin and adds a novel, reliable and accurate quantitative measurement tool for the assessment of myelination in human post-mortem samples.     

铝基复合材料焊接的研究现状与展望

介绍了铝基复合材料几种典型的熔化焊、钎焊、固相焊接方法。从焊接的特点,所面临的问题等方面介绍了这几种焊接方法的研究进展,并重点介绍了目前最受关注的搅拌摩擦焊接技术在铝基复合材料中的研究进展。最后展望了这些焊接方法的发展前景。