Formalizing process algebraic verifications in the calculus of constructions

This paper reports on the first steps towards the formal verification of correctness proofs of real-life protocols in process algebra. We show that such proofs can be verified, and partly constructed, by a general purpose proof checker. The process algebra we use isCRL, ACP augmented with data, which is expressive enough for the specification of real-life protocols. The proof checker we use is Coq, which is based on the Calculus of Constructions, an extension of simply typed lambda calculus. The focus is on the translation of the proof theory ofCRL andCRL-specifications to Coq. As a case study, we verified the Alternating Bit Protocol.     

Reconstruction of the Contamination and Purification of White Sea Water to Remove Global 90Sr

Radiochemistry - Contamination with 90Sr of the White Sea water in migration during 50 years is reconstructed with the use of a three-component exponential model. Т1, Т2, and Т3,...     

The Kinetics of Droplet Sedimentation in Liquid-Liquid Extraction

Liquid-liquid extraction is a major separation process in chemical industry. Beside appropriate design of mass transfer equipment, successful design of phase separation equipment is an important issue. Therefore, the separation of liquid-liquid dispersions was investigated and modeled with kinetic approaches to gain information for settler design. A modified first-order sedimentation rate model, a first-order consecutive step rate model, and a mixed-order rate model were applied and compared to the experimental data. The advantage of kinetic modeling of the rate of sedimentation, specifically addressing the impact of viscosity and electrolyte concentration, was successfully demonstrated.     

Diamond Diode Structures Based on Homoepitaxial Films

(m–i–p)-Structures with high-resistance epitaxial i-layers are fabricated on heavily doped p⁺-type substrates with platinum contacts. The structures are studied using several methods: optical and electron microscopy and luminescence, and electrophysical (C–V and I–V characteristics) methods and tested as detectors of ionizing radiation. It is shown that the (m–i–p)-structures are promising for development of several electronic devices (high-voltage diodes, detectors of ionizing radiation, and photovoltaic devices).     

Existing and prospective blast-furnace conditions

Blast-furnace conditions are investigated by means of a multizone model. The expected performance of prospective technologies is assessed, as well as the trends in blast-furnace processes. The model permits the identification of means of overcoming practical difficulties.     

A new automatic contact point detection algorithm for AFM force curves

A new method for estimating the contact point in AFM force curves, based on a local regression algorithm, is presented. The main advantage of this method is that can be easily implemented as a computer algorithm and used for a fully automatic detection of the contact points in the approach force curves on living cells. The estimated contact points have been compared to those obtained by other published methods, which were applied either for materials with an elastic response to indentation forces or for experiments at high loading rates. We have found that the differences in the values of the contact points estimated with three different methods were not statistically significant and thus the algorithm is reliable. Also, we test the convenience of the algorithm for batch‐processing by computing the contact points of a force curve map of 625 (25×25) curves. Microsc. Res. Tech. 76:870–876, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.