EFFECT OF WAVY GRAIN BOUNDARY ON CREEP FRACTURE BEHAVIOUR IN ASTROLOY ALLOY

Astroloy合金中弯曲晶界显著改善了材料的蠕变持久塑性和蠕变裂纹生长抗力。通过尖切口根处蠕变裂纹形成寿命分析与试验比较,证实蠕变J~*积分是控制尖切口(和裂纹)场的有效参量。据此由线性损伤模型和HRR奇异性结合,导出与直晶和弯晶试验结果吻合良好的蠕变裂纹扩展速率表达式: da/dt=Be~(k/n+1)D(x_0)J~(*kn/n+1) 从晶界孔洞形成角度讨论了弯曲晶界蠕变损伤的微观机制。     

RED的网络性能研究*

在很多网络中, 支持新的拥塞避免机制( 如RED 和ECN) 的节点将会和支持传统丢尾缓存( Drop-Tail) 的节点共存。研究含有两个拥塞节点的混杂网络中TCP 流集的性能, 比较了几种控制算法的数据流公平性, 仿真结果显示采用Adaptive 算法并不能增加数据流的公平性; 仿真也显示混杂网络中单个RED 参数的设置情况会影响整个网络的性能, 具体可以从网络吞吐量、响应时间等判断。RED 的参数设置在双瓶颈情况下再次变得重要, 正如在单瓶颈的情况下一样。     

固态锂电池研究及产业化进展

相比于传统液态锂离子电池,固态锂电池(SSLB)用固态电解质代替有机电解液,安全性和能量密度均大大提升,可以有效降低电动汽车安全隐患和缓解用户续航里程焦虑.固态电解质作为电子绝缘体和离子导体是SSLB核心要素之一,同时其存在离子电导率低、界面阻抗大和界面稳定性差等问题.通过研究近期相关文献,对硫化物固态电解质、氧化物固态电解质、聚合物固态电解质以及复合固态电解质锂电池的离子导电机理、研究进展、存在的主要问题及解决方案进行了综述和讨论.对于提高离子电导率,重点介绍了调整固态电解质组分的方法.对于改善界面问题,主要介绍了界面设计和制成工艺方法改善思路.综合分析表明,通过掺杂和包覆改性固态电解质、探索先进界面研究和诊断技术并指导设计具有优良锂离子传输能力的界面、创新和优化工艺能有效地提升固态电解质综合性能.最后列举了国内外重点企业的固态锂电池产业化进程,对固态锂电池未来应用前景进行了分析和展望.     

冲击荷载作用下热处理花岗岩动态力学特性研究

为研究冲击速度和热处理温度对黑云母花岗岩动态力学特性的影响,利用改进的霍普金森压杆系统对25~800 ℃共9个温度等级的热处理试样分别进行3种弹速下的冲击压缩试验。试验结果表明：随着冲击速度的增加,25~700 ℃热处理试样的应力—应变曲线由“Ⅱ型”转变为“Ⅰ型”,而800 ℃热处理试样均表现出“Ⅰ型”应力—应变曲线特征。同一温度热处理下试块的峰值应力、应变和平均应变均随动荷载的升高而增大。相同的冲击速度下,300 ℃热处理试样的动力学性能有所改善,500 ℃后试样的动力学性能开始逐渐劣化。同一温度热处理试样的破碎程度随冲击速度的增加而增加;相同冲击速度下,热处理试样的破碎程度随温度的升高先减弱后增强。     

几种血卟啉3,8—烷氧（硫）基衍生物产生单重态氧能力的研究

在“血卟啉衍生物”(HPD)肿瘤光动力疗法取得令人瞩目成就的同时,化学家们证明了临床使用的HPD制剂并非原意义上的血卟啉衍生物,而是一种复杂的卟啉混合物,其中血卟啉(HP),羟乙基-乙烯基-次卟啉(HVD),原卟啉(PP)约占总量的80％,Dougherty等分离得到其余20％未知结构羧基卟啉,认为此为HPD的有效成分,经进一步分析测定其主要成分是二血卟啉醚(DHE)。但最近的工作又表明,全合成得到的DHE与HPD有效成分的化学组成及生物活性亦不相同。显然这类药物组分复杂、结构的不确定限制了肿瘤光动力疗法的进一步发展。近年来,人们正试图从已知结构的化合物中探索新的光敏药物,作者在合成出一系列结构确定的单一组分血卟啉     

EFFECT OF OPERATING TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE ON THE TRANSITION FROM BUBBLING TO TURBULENT FLUIDIZATION

Experiments have been carried out to investigate the effects of operating temperature(50 to 500℃)andpressure(1×10~5 to 8×10~5 Pa)on the transition from bubbling to turbulent fluidization by computer analysisof the pressure fluctuation in dense phase.In order to reveal the influence of particle properties on the tran-sition process,eight kinds of particles were employed.A empirical correlaton which takes into accountthe effects of temperature and pressure is recommended for the prediction of transition velocity     

BOILING HEAT TRANSFER ON SURFACES WITH ARTIFICIAL NUCLEATION SITES (Ⅰ) EFFECT OF CAVITY SIZE, CAVITY DENSITY ON BUBBLE DEPARTURE DIAMETER AND FREQUENCY

By means of high-speed photography and optical-fiber probe, the effect of nucleation cavity size and cavity density on the bubble departure diameter and frequency has been investigated. The enhanced heating surface employed has artificial nucleation sites arranged regularly.Based on the analysis of the various forces exerted on the vapor bubble, a mathmatical model has been developed for correlating bubble departure diameter and frequency with the surface geometry and the degree of superheat.Experimental data has confirmed the availability of the model presented.     

Effect of catalysts in the quality of syngas and by-products obtained by co-gasification of coal and wastes. 1. Tars and nitrogen compounds abatement

The aim of this work is to analyse the possibility of using co-gasification technology to process coal mixed with wastes to take profit of its energy content and at the same time to minimize the environmental impact associated with the use of wastes and to diminish the costs of flue gas treatment. The addition to coal of different types of materials, like: pine based waste, petcoke and polyethylene (PE), was not found to give rise to any operational problems, regarding both the feeding system and gasification process and led to higher energy conversions, however, the gas presented higher tars and hydrocarbons content. Several catalysts were tested, such as, dolomite, olivine, nickel and magnesium oxides, zinc oxides and cobalt and molybdenum oxides. Catalyst action was analysed in tars release and also in ammonia compounds reduction. The presence of catalysts allowed increasing hydrogen release, whilst there was a decrease in hydrocarbons and tars contents. A nickel-magnesium oxide was the catalyst that led to the highest reduction in hydrocarbons and tars. This catalyst also led to the lowest NH₃ content in the fuel gas produced, due to the catalyst efficiency in NH₃ destruction.     

An improved ν-twin support vector machine

Twin support vector machine (TSVM) is regarded as a milestone in the development of the powerful SVM. It finds two nonparallel planes by resolving a pair of smaller-sized quadratic programming problems rather than a single large one, which makes the learning speed of TSVM approximately four times faster than that of the standard SVM. However, the empirical risk minimization principle is implemented in the TSVM, so it easily leads to the over-fitting problem and reduces the prediction accuracy of the classifier. ν-TSVM, as a variant of TSVM, also implements the empirical risk minimization principle. To enhance the generalization ability of the classifier, we propose an improved ν-TSVM by introducing a regularization term into the objective function, so there are two parts in the objective function, one of which is to maximize the margin between the two parallel hyper-planes, and the other one is to minimize the training errors of two classes of samples. Therefore the structural risk minimization principle is implemented in our improved ν-TSVM. Numerical experiments on one artificial dataset and nine benchmark datasets show that our improved ν-TSVM yields better generalization performance than SVM, ν-SVM, and ν-TSVM. Moreover, numerical experiments with different proportions of outliers demonstrate that our improved ν-TSVM is robust and stable. Finally, we apply our improved ν-TSVM to two BCI competition datasets, and also obtain better prediction accuracy.     

结合相关规则和本体加权图的查询扩展

针对现有信息检索系统查询性能的不足,提出了一种结合相关规则和WordNet本体信息的查询扩展方法.该方法借助相关规则挖掘和WordNet本体信息构建加权词语关系图,并根据加权图的结构和权重信息计算扩展词的重要性.查询时,从这个图中取原查询词的最邻近词作为扩展词来源,选取其中权重最大的p个词返回并进行二次检索.在实现算法的基础上,通过Lucene全文检索器进行实验,将所得的结果值F1与其他算法的结果作比较.比较结果表明,该方法比不作扩展的检索有约16.93％的性能提升.