Review of Forms of Intersubjectivity in Infant Research and Adult Attachment.

Reviews the book, Forms of Intersubjectivity in Infant Research and Adult Attachment by Beatrice Beebe, Steven Knoblauch, Judith Rustin, and Dorienne Sorter (2005). In this book, the authors use their 10 years of collaborative work to produce an in-depth and well-constructed discussion of verbal and nonverbal forms of intersubjectivity as observed in the treatment setting and as evidenced by data generated from more mainstream child development studies. They move beyond the lack of integration between these related though often dramatically disconnected disciplines and build on infant researchers' understanding of "prereflective" caregiver-child interactions to offer a new theory of intersubjectivity that enhances our understanding of the clinical interaction with adult patients. This book is not for those therapists who are interested in learning well-specified, new interventions to use in their psychotherapy practice. It is also not suggested for those clinicians who do not have some background in psychoanalytic theory and practice. It is, however, recommended for those clinicians who work psychodynamically and are interested in developing their awareness of the nonverbal aspects of treatment and the co-construction of the therapeutic encounter. This book would also be useful to those in the field of psychotherapy research as it poses new questions about the nature of the therapeutic process and suggests the importance of examining the role that implicit, nonverbal interactions play in psychotherapy. Beebe, Knoblauch, Rustin, and Sorter's book is well constructed, persuasively argued, and highly recommended. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

产品设计对改进产品生命终期的影响

本研究的主要目标是在鼓励创造性思维的同时，建立一个结构化方法用于阐明产品生命周期策略。当前提倡采用适用于大多数产品的通用规则。联系“通用性”原则，与“放之四海皆准”的方法相比，本研究找出了影响产品生命终期的主要因素。研究结果可分为两个核心部分。第一，根据产品的技术特性，该方法论确定了合理的产品生命终期策略第二，为了评估和验证该方法，将产品生命终期策略的分类和当前工业实践进行了对比，开发的产品生命终期设计顾问(ELDA)软件，指导生产商确定适合的产品生命终期策略。对产品生命终期进行分类的能力使得设计者能够重新设计对环境负荷较小产品。这篇文章为设计者和生产管理者提供了合适的产品生命终期策略。通过更深入的理解相应产品的生命终期策略，本文的研究结果能够帮助设计者开发适合他们情况的、系统的产品生命终期策略。通过技术革新或者价值链的改进，将ELDA的结果运用于生命终期改善。     

Parent psychopathology, parenting, and child internalizing problems in substance-abusing families.

A structural model accounting for child internalizing problems in substance-abusing families was tested. Parents receiving substance abuse treatment (N = 242) completed forms about children between the ages of 6 and 18 who resided in their home. The effects of parent gender, child gender, and child age were controlled. Negative parenting was examined as a mediator between parent internalizing and externalizing problems and child anxiety and affective problems using path analysis. Negative parenting mediated relations only between parent internalizing problems and child affective problems. High-positive involvement moderated relations between parent externalizing problems and child internalizing problems. Relations between parent externalizing problems and child anxiety and affective problems were significant only among families in which high-positive involvement was present. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Analysis of fractional delay systems of retarded and neutral type

This paper analyses several properties linked to the robust control of fractional differential systems with delays. The BIBO stability of both retarded and neutral fractional delay systems is related to the location of their poles. In the particular case of retarded systems, we give some properties of the poles of the system and the singular values of its Hankel operator.     

Structure of the M{alpha}2-3 toxin {alpha} antibody-antigen complex: combination of modelling with functional mapping experimental results

Modelled structures of the acetylcholine receptor-mimickingantibody, M2-3, both free and bound to its antigen, toxin ,are assessed in the light of new experimental mutational datafrom functional mapping of the paratopic region of M2-3. Theexperimental results are consistent with the previously-predictedstructure of the free antibody, and also demonstrate that structuralparticularities of the M2-3 combining site that were identifiedin the models play a role in the protein association. The modelledconformations of the hypervariable loops are discussed in thecontext of recent new data and analyses. The new mutationaldata allow several previously-considered modelled structuresof the complex to be rejected. Two quite similar models nowremain.     

Practical issues on the projection of polyhedral sets

Projection of polyhedral sets is a fundamental operation in both geometry and symbolic computation. In most cases, however, it is not practically feasible to generate projections as the size of the output can be exponential in the size of the input. Even when the size of the output is manageable, we still face two serious problems: overwhelming redundancy and degeneracy. Here, we address these problems from a practical point of view. We discuss three algorithms based on algebraic and geometric techniques and we compare their performance in order to assess the feasibility of these approaches.     

Do early talkers become early readers? Linguistic precocity, preschool language, and emergent literacy.

25 children, selected for verbal precocity at 20 mo of age, participated in a longitudinal study investigating predictors of later language and literacy skills. Although children remained verbally precocious, there was a low incidence of precocious reading. Exposure to instruction in letter names and sounds was a significant predictor of children's knowledge of print conventions, invented spelling, and phonological awareness at age 4? yrs. Frequency of story reading in the home and child engagement in a story reading episode at age 24 mo were significant predictors of children's language ability at age 2? yrs and 4? yrs and knowledge of print conventions at age 4? yrs. It is concluded that story reading with parents as well as literacy instruction contributes to the development of emergent literacy in verbally precocious children. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Odor preferences of female house mice (Mus domesticus) in seminatural enclosures.

Preferences for male odors by female house mice (Mus domesticus) were examined with respect to age, dominance status, and spatial relationships. Mice were free living in 6 field enclosures. Estrous or nonestrous females were placed in an aquarium with soiled bedding from live traps as the odor source. Females were tested for preferences between (1) adult and juvenile male odors, (2) dominant and subordinate male odors, and (3) "near" and "far" male odors. In dominance odor tests, estrous females preferred odors from dominant males; nonestrous females exhibited no significant preferences. In adult juvenile and spatial odor tests, there were no significant differences between odor preferences of estrous and nonestrous females. However, most females preferred odors from adult and "near" males. Male dominance status appears to be the strongest influence on female odor preference in these seminatural enclosures. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Confidence level and feeling of knowing in question answering: The weight of inferential processes.

What are the sources of metamemory judgments in question answering? Exp 1 showed that the level of confidence in the correctness of a recalled answer (CL) is a reliable measure (test–retest G?=?.87) and a valid predictor of recognition (G?=?.55/.58). In contrast, the feeling of knowing the correct answer (FOK), although reliable (G?=?.82), is a poor predictor of recognition (G?=?.11). In Exp 2 it was discovered that FOK levels are more highly correlated with beliefs about what should be known than are CL judgments. Controlling for the relationship between FOK and those beliefs eliminates any correlation between FOK and recognition (G drops from .27 to .08), which is not the case with CL (G remains as high as .52). These data suggest that CL is based on the retrieval of at least some elements of the right answer, whereas FOK may be derived from recency or familiarity effects elicited by the question itself. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Coping styles associated with psychological adjustment to advanced breast cancer.

The aim of this study was to determine whether psychological adjustment to advanced breast cancer was positively associated with expressing emotion and adopting a fighting spirit and negatively associated with denial and fatalism. Total mood disturbance on the Profile of Mood States was used as the measure of psychological adjustment. The Courtauld Emotional Control Scale measured emotional expression, and the Mental Adjustment to Cancer measured fighting spirit, denial, and fatalism. The sample included 101 women with a diagnosis of metastatic or recurrent breast cancer. Fighting spirit and emotional expressiveness were found to be associated with better adjustment. No association was found between mood disturbance and denial or fatalism. Because this was a cross-sectional study, no conclusions regarding a causal relationship between adjustment and emotional expressiveness or adjustment and fighting spirit were possible. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)