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61.
At present, the preferred tool for parameter estimation in compartmental analysis is an iterative procedure; weighted nonlinear regression. For a large number of applications, observed data can be fitted to sums of exponentials whose parameters are directly related to the rate constants/coefficients of the compartmental models. Since weighted nonlinear regression often has to be repeated for many different data sets, the process of fitting data from compartmental systems can be very time consuming. Furthermore the minimization routine often converges to a local (as opposed to global) minimum. In this paper, we examine the possibility of using artificial neural networks instead of weighted nonlinear regression in order to estimate model parameters. We train simple feed-forward neural networks to produce as outputs the parameter values of a given model when kinetic data are fed to the networks' input layer. The artificial neural networks produce unbiased estimates and are orders of magnitude faster than regression algorithms. At noise levels typical of many real applications, the neural networks are found to produce lower variance estimates than weighted nonlinear regression in the estimation of parameters from mono- and biexponential models. These results are primarily due to the inability of weighted nonlinear regression to converge. These results establish that artificial neural networks are powerful tools for estimating parameters for simple compartmental models. 相似文献
62.
Wen-Chau Liu Lih-Wen Laih Shiou-Ying Cheng Wen-Lung Chang Wei-Chou Wang Jing-Yuh Chen Po-Hung Lin 《Electron Devices, IEEE Transactions on》1998,45(2):373-379
In this paper, a new multiple negative-differential-resistance (MNDR) device based on a metal-insulator-semiconductor-insulator-metal (MISIM)-like structure with step-compositional InxGa1-x As quantum wells has been fabricated and demonstrated. The interesting MNDR phenomena are found in the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of this device. At room temperature, the triple switching behaviours and quadruple stable operation states are obtained. In addition, the sixfold switching behaviors and a staircase-shaped I-V characteristic are observed at -105°C. A sequential carrier accumulation at InGaAs subwells and the potential lowering process are used to qualitatively explain the interesting MNDR phenomena. From the experimental results, it is shown that the studied device has good potential in multiple-valued logic applications 相似文献
63.
从冷却曲线上相变段倾角最小原则出发,研究了新型激冷剂的配比与热分析法检测铸铁成分精度的关系,实验结果表明,能使相变段倾角最小的成分配比,也能提高对铸铁成分的热分析和检测精度。 相似文献
64.
65.
GIS技术与微机制图 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
地理信息系统(GIS)随着信息社会的发展愈发显示出强大的生命力。本文简要叙述GIS的重要作用及其发展进程中涌出出来的四个设计模型,总结了运用GIS国产软件平台MAPGIS制作遥感地质构造解译图的工作步骤和技术方法。 相似文献
66.
AR Santos JC Nery NC Duppre ME Gallo JT Filho PN Suffys WM Degrave 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,46(2):170-172
A case is described in which a pericardial branch of a nongrafted left internal mammary artery communicated directly with the distal left anterior descending artery, following saphenous vein bypass grafting. This type of collateralization following coronary artery bypass surgery seems to be very rare, and perhaps could protect the myocardium from severe ischemia. 相似文献
67.
The traditional approach to severe subglottic stenosis (SGS) in the pediatric age group is laryngotracheal reconstruction (LTR). This approach may be complex and multistaged, with variable and unpredictable success rates in the individual patient. Excellent results have been reported in adults who had severe SGS and underwent partial resection of the cricoid and primary thyrotracheal anastomosis. This procedure has not been widely reported in infants and children. We report our experience with this procedure in 16 pediatric patients with grade III or IV SGS. Eleven patients had multiple previous LTR operations. The preoperative evaluation, surgical techniques, postoperative care, complications, and final results are described and discussed. Fourteen patients were decannulated after the procedure, 1 patient needed a second open procedure prior to decannulation, and 1 patient with concomitant bronchopulmonary dysplasia remains cannulated, for an overall 94% decannulation rate. Fourteen patients have no limitation of respiration, and 1 patient has moderate exercise intolerance. The results of this series suggest that partial cricotracheal resection with primary anastomosis is a relatively safe and effective procedure for pediatric patients with severe SGS. 相似文献
68.
We examined the molecular mechanism of metronidazole resistance by constructing a lambda-Zap II phagemid expression library with genomic DNA from a metronidazole-resistance strain of Helicobacter pylori. Twenty-two clones were found to have elevated MTZ resistances in XLOLR strain of E. coli. Phagemids belonging to the twenty two clones were extracted and then retransformed into the XLOLR strain of E. coli. After MTZ selection, five clones could confer metronidazole resistance consistently. According to Southern hybridization and DNA sequencing, the five clones contained a same locus, recA. In addition, transforming the five clones into BL21 strain of E. coli produced a higher resistance to MTZ. Interestingly, electroporation of one of the five phagemid clones into two MTZ sensitive H. pylori yielded MTZ resistant strains. Comparing amino acid sequence in MTZ resistant with sensitive isolates revealed two point mutations at this locus. Above results suggest that mutation in recA may be associated with metronidazole resistance of H. pylori. 相似文献
69.
70.