作者写作特征提取引擎

随着计算机网络的发展,电子文章逐渐繁荣.电子文章版权保护近年来也越来越受关注.电子文章版权保护的一个解决方案是,首先提取一个作者的写作特征,通过写作特征的比较来判断版权所属.目前作者特征提取方向的研究多集中在寻找新的更有效的特征上.如何更加有效的提取一个作者的写作特征仍是一件富有挑战性的工作.本文建立了一个作者特征提取引擎模型,该引擎以某个作者某一类型的文章作为输入,以该作者在这一类型文章上的写作特征为输出.应用这个引擎模型,在可能的作者列表中,可以确定一篇文章倾向属于某个作者的可能性.本文主要对英文文章进行特征提取.作者的特征通过各种语言学上特征和语言学度量来表示,并采用标准差和主成分分析法分析这些特征的有效性.     

Functional humanization of an anti-CD30 Fab fragment for the immunotherapy of Hodgkin's lymphoma using an in vitro evolution approach

CD30, the so-called Reed-Sternberg antigen, constitutes a promising cell-specific target for the treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma. Starting from the previously characterized cognate HRS3 mouse monoclonal antibody, the bacterially produced functional Fab fragment was humanized by grafting the CDRs from the mouse antibody framework on to human immunoglobulin consensus sequences. This procedure led to a 10-fold decreased antigen affinity, which surprisingly was found to be mainly due to the VH domain. To improve the antigen-binding activity, an in vitro evolution strategy was employed, wherein random mutations were introduced into the humanized VH domain by means of error-prone PCR, followed by a filter sandwich Escherichia coli colony screening assay for functional Fab fragments using a recombinant extracellular domain of the CD30 antigen. After three cycles of in vitro affinity maturation, the optimized Fab fragment huHRS3-VH-EP3/1 was identified, which carried four exchanged residues within or close to the VH CDRs and had an affinity that was almost identical with that of the murine HRS3 Fab fragment. The resulting humanized Fab fragment was fully functional with respect to CD30 binding both in ELISA with the recombinant antigen and in FACS experiments with CD30-positive L540CY cells. In the light of the previously successful clinical application of an alphaCD30 x alphaCD16 bispecific mouse quadroma antibody derived from HRS3, the humanized Fab fragment comprises an important step towards the construction of a fully recombinant therapeutic agent. The combination of random mutagenesis and colony filter screening assay that was successfully applied here should be generally useful as a method for the rapid functional optimization of humanized antibody fragments.     

Tensile yield in polyethylene

Uniaxial tension tests to the yield point were performed on polyethylene as a function of temperature from 21 to 117°C at a strain rate of 2 min^?1. At 21, 45, and 69°C, measurements were also made at strain rates from 0.02 to 8 min^?1. Yield energy was found to be a linear function of temperature extrapolating to zero at the melting point (140°C). The ratio of thermal to mechanical energy to produce yielding is about three times smaller than for glassy amorphous polymers. The ratio of yield stress to (initial) Young's modulus is 0.021 at room temperature and increases to 0.059 at 117°C. Also this ratio was found to decrease with log strain rate. For instance, at 21°C for a strain rate of 0.02 min^?1 the value was 0.023, while at 8 min^?1 this value decreased to 0.020.     

Ammonium nitrate wastewater treatment by coupled membrane electrolysis and electrodialysis

A process coupling membrane electrolysis and electrodialysis is implemented to treat ammonium nitrate wastewater. Membrane electrolysis produces ammonia and nitric acid while electrodialysis reconcentrates the depleted salt solution. Ammonia is removed continuously by in situ stripping; thus allowing gas production with a constant current efficiency (about 70%). Nitric acid up to 8 mol L^–1 is obtained. The current efficiency of acid production depends on nitric acid concentration. When this concentration varies from 1 to 8 mol L^–1 the average current efficiency is about 58%. Electrodialysis produces a rejected stream containing less than 3 × 10^–3 mol L^–1 of ammonium nitrate.     

DBToaster: higher-order delta processing for dynamic,frequently fresh views

Applications ranging from algorithmic trading to scientific data analysis require real-time analytics based on views over databases receiving thousands of updates each second. Such views have to be kept fresh at millisecond latencies. At the same time, these views have to support classical SQL, rather than window semantics, to enable applications that combine current with aged or historical data. In this article, we present the DBToaster system, which keeps materialized views of standard SQL queries continuously fresh as data changes very rapidly. This is achieved by a combination of aggressive compilation techniques and DBToaster’s original recursive finite differencing technique which materializes a query and a set of its higher-order deltas as views. These views support each other’s incremental maintenance, leading to a reduced overall view maintenance cost. DBToaster supports tens of thousands of complete view refreshes per second for a wide range of queries.     

Graph-based retrieval of building information models for supporting the early design stages

Building information modeling (BIM) principles are transforming today’s communication and working processes in the field of construction, however the early design phases are only rarely supported and information technology is therefore not exploited to its full potential. The early design phases are characterized by an iterative process of searching for plausible solutions. A common approach is to refer to similar examples, which are conventionally found using keyword-based search strategies.To this end we propose a method for indexing spatial configurations along with a sketch-based input method for search strategies that uses so-called semantic fingerprints of buildings. The topology of spatial configurations is extracted from building information models and represented as graphs. For both building information models and the user sketches, the extracted graphs are used as the basis for a subgraph-matching algorithm facilitating an intuitive novel query method for researching similar reference examples. The system is able to present corresponding existing solutions to even rudimentary sketches or fragments of a design idea. In addition to graph matching and sketch-based interaction, more recent BIM-based approaches are also taken into account.     

A strictly conservative Cartesian cut-cell method for compressible viscous flows on adaptive grids

A Cartesian cut-cell method which allows the solution of two- and three-dimensional viscous, compressible flow problems on arbitrarily refined graded meshes is presented. The finite-volume method uses cut cells at the boundaries rendering the method strictly conservative in terms of mass, momentum, and energy. For three-dimensional compressible flows, such a method has not been presented in the literature, yet. Since ghost cells can be arbitrarily positioned in space the proposed method is flexible in terms of shape and size of embedded boundaries. A key issue for Cartesian grid methods is the discretization at mesh interfaces and boundaries and the specification of boundary conditions. A linear least-squares method is used to reconstruct the cell center gradients in irregular regions of the mesh, which are used to formulate the surface flux. Expressions to impose boundary conditions and to compute the viscous terms on the boundary are derived. The overall discretization is shown to be second-order accurate in L¹. The accuracy of the method and the quality of the solutions are demonstrated in several two- and three-dimensional test cases of steady and unsteady flows.