全文获取类型
收费全文 | 6054篇 |
免费 | 478篇 |
国内免费 | 1篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 40篇 |
综合类 | 31篇 |
化学工业 | 2360篇 |
金属工艺 | 89篇 |
机械仪表 | 105篇 |
建筑科学 | 193篇 |
矿业工程 | 13篇 |
能源动力 | 143篇 |
轻工业 | 1118篇 |
水利工程 | 59篇 |
石油天然气 | 21篇 |
无线电 | 239篇 |
一般工业技术 | 1016篇 |
冶金工业 | 327篇 |
原子能技术 | 23篇 |
自动化技术 | 756篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 21篇 |
2023年 | 63篇 |
2022年 | 400篇 |
2021年 | 535篇 |
2020年 | 221篇 |
2019年 | 212篇 |
2018年 | 226篇 |
2017年 | 250篇 |
2016年 | 250篇 |
2015年 | 204篇 |
2014年 | 291篇 |
2013年 | 410篇 |
2012年 | 394篇 |
2011年 | 470篇 |
2010年 | 312篇 |
2009年 | 315篇 |
2008年 | 323篇 |
2007年 | 263篇 |
2006年 | 201篇 |
2005年 | 159篇 |
2004年 | 135篇 |
2003年 | 121篇 |
2002年 | 110篇 |
2001年 | 70篇 |
2000年 | 68篇 |
1999年 | 70篇 |
1998年 | 81篇 |
1997年 | 62篇 |
1996年 | 45篇 |
1995年 | 39篇 |
1994年 | 28篇 |
1993年 | 26篇 |
1992年 | 12篇 |
1991年 | 17篇 |
1990年 | 6篇 |
1989年 | 9篇 |
1988年 | 6篇 |
1987年 | 7篇 |
1986年 | 13篇 |
1985年 | 5篇 |
1984年 | 8篇 |
1983年 | 9篇 |
1982年 | 7篇 |
1981年 | 10篇 |
1979年 | 11篇 |
1977年 | 5篇 |
1976年 | 5篇 |
1975年 | 5篇 |
1974年 | 4篇 |
1971年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有6533条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
Imperfection in information can be considered a crosscutting concern that manifests itself in diverse kinds of imprecision, uncertainty, or inconsistency in the data models of a software system. The extension of existing programming and querying interfaces for the different aspects of information imperfection requires a proper modularization of the different concerns of numerical imprecision handling, so that the extensions do not interfere with existing programming practices and do not obscure the original design. Aspect‐oriented design (AOD) enables such a form of nonintrusive extensions to be added to existing software libraries, clearly separating fuzziness or other imperfections in data as a differentiated concern that can be considered from the early phases of development. In this article, a general framework for aspect‐based extension of data models and fuzzy databases is described, and some design and implementation issues of such AOD‐based extensions on OJB database libraries are described as a case study. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Int Syst 21: 1199–1216, 2006. 相似文献
52.
Raquel Alves dos Santos Teresinha Rosa Cabral Isabel Rosa Cabral Lusania Maria Greggi Antunes Cristiane Pontes Andrade Plínio Cerqueira dos Santos Cardoso Marcelo de Oliveira Bahia Claudia Pessoa José Luis Martins do Nascimento Rommel Rodríguez Burbano Catarina Satie Takahashi 《Biocell》2008,32(2):195-200
Physalis angulata L (Solanaceae) is a medicinal plant from North of Brazil, whose different extracts and infusions are commonly used in the popular medicine for the treatment of malaria, asthma, hepatitis, dermatitis and rheumatism. However, the genotoxic effects of P. angulata on human cells is not well known. The main purpose of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro genotoxic effects of aqueous extract of P. angulata using the comet assay and the micronucleus assay in human lymphocytes provided from 6 healthy donors. Treatments with P. angulata extracts were performed in vitro in order to access the extent of DNA damage. The comet assay has shown that treatments with P. angulata at 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 6.0 microg/mL in culture medium were genotoxic. Lymphocytes treated with P. angulata at the concentrations of 3.0 and 6.0 microg/mL in culture medium showed a statistically significant increase in the frequency of micronucleus (p<0.05), however, the cytokinesis blocked proliferation index (CBPI) was not decreased after P. angulata treatment. In conclusion, the present work demonstrated the genotoxic effects of P. angulata extract on human lymphocytes in vitro. 相似文献
53.
Designing Templates for Mining Association Rules 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Current approaches to data mining usually address specific userrequests, while no general design criteria for the extraction of associationrules are available for the end-user. In this paper, we propose aclassification of association rule types, which provides a general frameworkfor the design of association rule mining applications. Based on theidentified association rule types, we introduce predefined templates as ameans to capture the user specification of mining applications. Furthermore,we propose a general language to design templates for the extraction ofarbitrary association rule types. 相似文献
54.
This article evaluatively reviews the literature on dynamic testing, a collection of testing procedures designed to quantify not only the products or even the processes of learning but also the potential to learn. The article considers a variety of approaches to dynamic testing and the strengths and weaknesses of each. Moreover, the literature on each approach is reviewed and analyzed in terms of the extent to which it fulfills the claims made for it. In all of these approaches, testing involves learning at the time of test, rather than just static testing of what has been learned before. It is concluded that dynamic testing has great potential for helping to understand people's potentials but that its potential has yet to be realized fully. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
55.
Robert Leeb Felix Lee Claudia Keinrath Reinhold Scherer Horst Bischof Gert Pfurtscheller 《IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering》2007,15(4):473-482
The step away from a synchronized or cue-based brain-computer interface (BCI) and from laboratory conditions towards real world applications is very important and crucial in BCI research. This work shows that ten naive subjects can be trained in a synchronous paradigm within three sessions to navigate freely through a virtual apartment, whereby at every junction the subjects could decide by their own, how they wanted to explore the virtual environment (VE). This virtual apartment was designed similar to a real world application, with a goal-oriented task, a high mental workload, and a variable decision period for the subject. All subjects were able to perform long and stable motor imagery over a minimum time of 2 s. Using only three electroencephalogram (EEG) channels to analyze these imaginations, we were able to convert them into navigation commands. Additionally, it could be demonstrated that motivation is a very crucial factor in BCI research; motivated subjects perform much better than unmotivated ones. 相似文献
56.
Castagna Claudia; Absil Philippe; Foidart Agnès; Balthazart Jacques 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,112(1):233
The authors investigated the behavioral actions of vasotocin (VT) in castrated testosterone-treated male Japanese quail. The appetitive and consummatory components of sexual behavior as well as the occurrence frequency of crows were inhibited, in a dose-dependent manner, by injections of VT. The authors observed opposite effects after injection of the V1 receptor antagonist, dPTyr(Me)AVP. Lower doses of VT were more active after central than after systemic injection, and effects of systemic injections of VT were blocked by a central injection of dPTyr(Me)AVP. The behavioral inhibition was associated with a modified diuresis after systemic but not central injection. These results provide direct evidence that VT affects male sexual behavior in quail by a direct action on the brain independent of its peripheral action on diuresis. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
57.
Hobbie KA Peterson ES Barton ML Waters KM Anderson KA 《Journal of laboratory automation》2012,17(4):275-283
Large collaborative centers are a common model for accomplishing integrated environmental health research. These centers often include various types of scientific domains (e.g., chemistry, biology, bioinformatics) that are integrated to solve some of the nation's key economic or public health concerns. The Superfund Research Center (SRP) at Oregon State University (OSU) is one such center established in 2008 to study the emerging health risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons while using new technologies both in the field and laboratory. With outside collaboration at remote institutions, success for the center as a whole depends on the ability to effectively integrate data across all research projects and support cores. Therefore, the OSU SRP center developed a system that integrates environmental monitoring data with analytical chemistry data and downstream bioinformatics and statistics to enable complete "source-to-outcome" data modeling and information management. This article describes the development of this integrated information management system that includes commercial software for operational laboratory management and sample management in addition to open-source custom-built software for bioinformatics and experimental data management. 相似文献
58.
Elena Andreeva Andrey Bogdanov Bart Mennink Bart Preneel Christian Rechberger 《International Journal of Information Security》2012,11(2):103-120
In 2007, the US National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST) announced a call for the design of a new cryptographic
hash algorithm in response to vulnerabilities like differential attacks identified in existing hash functions, such as MD5
and SHA-1. NIST received many submissions, 51 of which got accepted to the first round. 14 candidates were left in the second
round, out of which five candidates have been recently chosen for the final round. An important criterion in the selection
process is the SHA-3 hash function security. We identify two important classes of security arguments for the new designs:
(1) the possible reductions of the hash function security to the security of its underlying building blocks and (2) arguments
against differential attack on building blocks. In this paper, we compare the state of the art provable security reductions
for the second round candidates and review arguments and bounds against classes of differential attacks. We discuss all the
SHA-3 candidates at a high functional level, analyze, and summarize the security reduction results and bounds against differential
attacks. Additionally, we generalize the well-known proof of collision resistance preservation, such that all SHA-3 candidates
with a suffix-free padding are covered. 相似文献
59.
Rita Bonfiglio Annarita Granaglia Raffaella Giocondo Manuel Scimeca Elena Bonanno 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(1)
The presence of calcium deposits in human lesions is largely used as imaging biomarkers of human diseases such as breast cancer. Indeed, the presence of micro- or macrocalcifications is frequently associated with the development of both benign and malignant lesions. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms involved in the formation of these calcium deposits, as well as the prognostic significance of their presence in human tissues, have not been completely elucidated. Therefore, a better characterization of the biological process related to the formation of calcifications in different tissues and organs, as well as the understanding of the prognostic significance of the presence of these calcium deposits into human tissues could significantly improve the management of patients characterized by microcalcifications associated lesions. Starting from these considerations, this narrative review highlights the most recent histopathological and molecular data concerning the formation of calcifications in breast, thyroid, lung, and ovarian diseases. Evidence reported here could deeply change the current point of view concerning the role of ectopic calcifications in the progression of human diseases and also in the patients’ management. In fact, the presence of calcifications can suggest an unfavorable prognosis due to dysregulation of normal tissues homeostasis. 相似文献
60.
Veronique Demers-Mathieu Ciera DaPra Gabrielle Mathijssen David A. Sela Kirsi M. Jrvinen Antti Seppo Shawn Fels Elena Medo 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(4)
Background: Preexisting immunity to SARS-CoV-2 could be related to cross-reactive antibodies to common human-coronaviruses (HCoVs). This study aimed to evaluate whether human milk antibodies against to S1 and S2 subunits SARS-CoV-2 are cross-reactive to S1 and S2 subunits HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-229E in mothers with a confirmed COVID-19 PCR test, in mothers with previous viral symptoms during COVID-19 pandemic, and in unexposed mothers; Methods: The levels of secretory IgA (SIgA)/IgA, secretory IgM (SIgM)/IgM, and IgG specific to S1 and S2 SARS-CoV-2, and reactive to S1 + S2 HCoV-OC43, and HCoV-229E were measured in milk from 7 mothers with a confirmed COVID-19 PCR test, 20 mothers with viral symptoms, and unexposed mothers (6 Ctl1-2018 and 16 Ctl2-2018) using ELISA; Results: The S2 SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels were higher in the COVID-19 PCR (p = 0.014) and viral symptom (p = 0.040) groups than in the Ctl1-2018 group. We detected a higher number of positive correlations between the antigens and secretory antibodies in the COVID-19 PCR group than in the viral symptom and Ctl-2018 groups. S1 + S2 HCoV-OC43-reactive IgG was higher in the COVID-19 group than in the control group (p = 0.002) but did not differ for the other antibodies; Conclusions: Mothers with a confirmed COVID-19 PCR and mothers with previous viral symptoms had preexisting human milk antibodies against S2 subunit SARS-CoV-2. Human milk IgG were more specific to S2 subunit SARS-CoV-2 than other antibodies, whereas SIgA and SIgM were polyreactive and cross-reactive to S1 or S2 subunit SARS-CoV-2. 相似文献