Blackfin处理器面向开源应用

在嵌入式应用中。随着“开源”C／C 代码越来越成为流行的用于替代基于版权算法的另一选择，挑战也随之而来。其中，最重要的问题是如何优化代码．使其在选定的处理器中更好地运行。本文将探讨开源算法在Blockfin处理器上的移植以及代码优化。     

The identity of psychoanalysis and psychoanalysts.

Psychoanalysis has been in a constant uninterrupted debate about its identity as a discipline and as a social institution. This article considers the place of science in psychoanalysis, on the one hand, and the hermeneutic nature of our discipline, on the other. The aim is to articulate a typology of psychoanalytic knowledge that characterizes psychoanalysis as a form of therapy, an intellectual movement, and a theoretical system. This typology considers psychoanalysis as a thought collective that influences its members by exchanging and maintaining ideas. To be a well-rounded psychoanalytic thinker or practitioner one must be able to move easily among three realms of knowledge--the humanities, the social sciences, and the natural sciences. Each realm has its own criteria of truth and the challenge is to know when to employ which criteria. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

In vivo electrochemical studies of dopamine clearance in subregions of rat nucleus accumbens: differential properties of the core and shell

The effects of the rodent hepatocarcinogens clofibric acid and diprofibrate on the activity of the peroxisomal fatty acyl-CoA oxidase, DNA synthesis, and apoptosis were compared in cultured rat and human hepatocytes. Rat hepatocytes expressed a 10-fold greater level of the peroxisomal fatty acyl-CoA oxidase compared to human hepatocytes. At the highest concentration (1.0 mM), both drugs induced a two- to threefold increase in this enzyme activity in both rat and human hepatocytes. Ciprofibrate (0.1 and 0.2 mM) caused a twofold increase in DNA synthesis in rat hepatocytes, whereas clofibric acid had no effect on DNA synthesis in these cells. In contrast, increasing concentrations of both clofibric acid and ciprofibrate produced inhibition of DNA synthesis in human hepatocytes. By using the terminal transferase dUTP-biotin nick end labeling technique, it was observed that 0.1 and 0.2 mM clofibric acid and ciprofibrate suppressed transforming growth factor-beta (TGF beta)-induced apoptosis by 50% in rat hepatocytes, but they had no effect on TGF beta-induced apoptosis in human hepatocytes. Although clofibric acid and ciprofibrate diminished TGF beta-induced apoptosis, they had no effect on the basal apoptotic levels in the rat hepatocyte cultures. However, both drugs significantly increased the percent of apoptotic cells in the human hepatocyte cultures. It is concluded that primary rat and human hepatocyte cultures respond differently to peroxisome proliferators. The differences in effects on DNA synthesis and apoptosis support the hypothesis that human liver cells are refractory to peroxisome proliferator-induced hepatocarcinogenesis.     

Pain perception and coping in female tension headache sufferers and headache-free controls.

The purpose of this study was to investigate how headache sufferers and headache-free controls differ in their responses to acute pain. Thirty-three women completed the study (15 headache sufferers and 18 controls). The cold pressor was used to induce pain, and a partially inflated blood pressure cuff was used as a nonpainful comparison task. Headache sufferers reported more discomfort during both tasks; however, the 2 groups did not differ in the number of facial expressions of pain displayed during the tasks. Headache sufferers reported a tendency to catastrophize during both tasks; positive coping did not differ between the groups. These results offer evidence that recurrent tension headache sufferers are more sensitive to both painful and nonpainful stimuli and that they cope differently from controls with these physical stressors. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Depth-Averaged Drag Coefficient for Modeling Flow through Suspended Canopies

Aquatic suspended canopies are porous obstacles that extend down from the free-surface but have a gap between the canopy and bed. Examples of suspended canopies include those formed by aquaculture structures or floating vegetation. The major difference between suspended canopies and the more common submerged canopies, which are located on the bottom boundary, is the influence of the bottom boundary layer beneath the suspended canopy. Data from laboratory experiments are presented which explore aspects of the flow through and beneath suspended canopies constructed from rigid cylinders. The experiments, using both acoustic Doppler and two-dimensional (2D) particle tracking velocimetry, give details of the flow structure that may be divided vertically into a bottom boundary layer, a canopy shear layer, and an internal canopy layer. The experimental data show that the penetration of the shear layer into the canopy is limited by the distance between the canopy and bottom boundary layer. Peaks in velocity spectra indicate an interaction between the bottom boundary and canopy shear layer. An analytical model is also developed that can be used to calculate a drag coefficient that includes the effect of both canopy drag and bed friction. This drag coefficient is suitable for use in 2D (depth-averaged) hydrodynamic modeling. The model also allows the average velocity within and beneath the canopy to be calculated, and is used to investigate the effect of canopy density and thickness on both total drag and bottom friction.     

The nature of defocus fringes in scanning-transmission electron microscope images

Experimental observations have been made of the fringe contrast which appears at the terminating edges of thin objects in defocused, scanning-transmission electron micrographs. In general only a single bright fringe is present and the displacement and width of this fringe was found to vary linearly with defocus, indicating the contrast does not result from simple-Fresnel diffraction. A model for this contrast, based on the refraction of incident electrons by the object edge, is shown to explain the observed results.     

Binding Networks Identify Targetable Protein Pockets for Mechanism-Based Drug Design

The human genome codes only a few thousand druggable proteins, mainly receptors and enzymes. While this pool of available drug targets is limited, there is an untapped potential for discovering new drug-binding mechanisms and modes. For example, enzymes with long binding cavities offer numerous prerequisite binding sites that may be visited by an inhibitor during migration from a bulk solution to the destination site. Drug design can use these prerequisite sites as new structural targets. However, identifying these ephemeral sites is challenging. Here, we introduce a new method called NetBinder for the systematic identification and classification of prerequisite binding sites at atomic resolution. NetBinder is based on atomistic simulations of the full inhibitor binding process and provides a networking framework on which to select the most important binding modes and uncover the entire binding mechanism, including previously undiscovered events. NetBinder was validated by a study of the binding mechanism of blebbistatin (a potent inhibitor) to myosin 2 (a promising target for cancer chemotherapy). Myosin 2 is a good test enzyme because, like other potential targets, it has a long internal binding cavity that provides blebbistatin with numerous potential prerequisite binding sites. The mechanism proposed by NetBinder of myosin 2 structural changes during blebbistatin binding shows excellent agreement with experimentally determined binding sites and structural changes. While NetBinder was tested on myosin 2, it may easily be adopted to other proteins with long internal cavities, such as G-protein-coupled receptors or ion channels, the most popular current drug targets. NetBinder provides a new paradigm for drug design by a network-based elucidation of binding mechanisms at an atomic resolution.     

Senescence-Independent Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Senolytic Drugs Dasatinib,Navitoclax, and Venetoclax in Zebrafish Models of Chronic Inflammation

Telomere shortening is the main molecular mechanism of aging, but not the only one. The adaptive immune system also ages, and older organisms tend to develop a chronic pro-inflammatory status with low-grade inflammation characterized by chronic activation of the innate immune system, called inflammaging. One of the main stimuli that fuels inflammaging is a high nutrient intake, triggering a metabolic inflammation process called metainflammation. In this study, we report the anti-inflammatory activity of several senolytic drugs in the context of chronic inflammation, by using two different zebrafish models: (i) a chronic skin inflammation model with a hypomorphic mutation in spint1a, the gene encoding the serine protease inhibitor, kunitz-type, 1a (also known as hai1a) and (ii) a non-alcoholic fatty liver disease/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NAFLD/NASH) model with inflammation induced by a high-fat diet. Our results show that, although these models do not manifest premature aging, the senolytic drugs dasatinib, navitoclax, and venetoclax have an anti-inflammatory effect that results in the amelioration of chronic inflammation.     

Solvent-free oxidation of benzyl alcohol using titania-supported gold–palladium catalysts: Effect of Au–Pd ratio on catalytic performance

The oxidation of benzyl alcohol with molecular oxygen under solvent-free conditions has been investigated using a range of titania-supported Au–Pd alloy catalysts to examine the effect of the Au–Pd ratio on the conversion and selectivity. The catalysts have been compared at high reaction temperature (160 °C) as well as at 100 °C, to determine the effect on selectivity since at lower reaction temperature the range of by-products that are formed are limited. Under these conditions the 2.5 wt.% Au–2.5 wt.% Pd/TiO₂ was found to be the most active catalyst, whereas the Au/TiO₂ catalyst demonstrated the highest selectivity to benzaldehyde. Toluene, formed via either a hydrogen transfer process or an oxygen transfer process, was observed as a major by-product under these forcing conditions.