Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Blockade after Stroke Onset Protects Normal but Not Diabetic Mice

Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is abundant in the brain, is upregulated in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), and is possible mediator of ischemic injury via the breakdown of neuroprotective epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs). Prophylactic, pre-ischemic sEH blockade with 4-[[trans-4-[[(tricyclo[3.3.1.13,7]dec-1-ylamino)carbonyl]amino]cyclohexyl]oxy]-benzoic acid (tAUCB) reduces stroke-induced infarct in normal and diabetic mice, with larger neuroprotection in DM2. The present study tested whether benefit occurs in normal and DM2 mice if tAUCB is administered after stroke onset. We performed 60 min middle cerebral artery occlusion in young adult male C57BL mice divided into four groups: normal or DM2, with t-AUCB 2 mg/kg or vehicle 30 min before reperfusion. Endpoints were (1) cerebral blood flow (CBF) by laser Doppler, and (2) brain infarct at 24 h. In nondiabetic mice, t-AUCB reduced infarct size by 30% compared to vehicle-treated mice in the cortex (31.4 ± 4 vs. 43.8 ± 3 (SEM)%, respectively) and 26% in the whole hemisphere (26.3 ± 3 vs. 35.2 ± 2%, both p < 0.05). In contrast, in DM2 mice, tAUCB failed to ameliorate either cortical or hemispheric injury. No differences were seen in CBF. We conclude that tAUCB administered after ischemic stroke onset exerts brain protection in nondiabetic but not DM2 mice, that the neuroprotection appears independent of changes in gross CBF, and that DM2-induced hyperglycemia abolishes t-AUCB-mediated neuroprotection after stroke onset.     

Segregation Neutralised Steels: Microstructural Banding Elimination from Dual-Phase Steel Through Alloy Design Accounting for Inherent Segregation

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A - Banding in commercial dual-phase steels, such as banded ferrite and pearlite or ferrite and martensite microstructures, is inherited from segregation...     

Removal of trace amounts of strontium from aqueous solutions by ion flotation. II Continuous scale operation

A flotation circuit operating on a continuous basis has been designed and constructed for removal of Sr ions from simple aqueous solutions. Under steady-state conditions, a continuous extraction rate of 97.3% has so far been achieved. The effects of changing the gas rate and flow rates of both the Sr and collector solutions were also examined. Finally a discussion is included where the results of these experiments are compared with those from similar continuous-scale experiments where Sr ions are removed by the technique of foam separation.     

萧条的1992年促使轮胎生产者调整

萧条的１９９２年促使轮胎生产者调整ＢｒｕｃｅＤａｖｉｓ著曾泽新译吴秀兰校预期１９９２年的经济复苏并未实现，恢复的进程拖得比预期的更长。结果，大多数轮胎生产者被迫再次采取保守的经营，裁减人员，让股东对利润降低，甚至亏损作好思想准备。据报道，在大轮胎公司...     

Summarizing high-level scene behavior

We present several novel techniques to summarize the high-level behavior in surveillance video. Our proposed methods can employ either optical flow or trajectories as input, and incorporate spatial and temporal information together, which improve upon existing approaches for summarization. To begin, we extract common pathway regions by performing graph-based clustering on similarity matrices describing the relationships between location/orientation states. We then employ the activities along the pathway regions to extract the aggregate behavioral patterns throughout scenes. We show how our summarization methods can be applied to detect anomalies, retrieve video clips of interest, and generate adaptive-speed summary videos. We examine our approaches on multiple complex urban scenes and present experimental results.     

The technology of halogen-free flame retardant phosphorus additives for polymeric systems

Halogen-free flame retardant additives based on phosphorus function by developing a protective char. A variety of additives are available, ranging from the element itself, in the form of amorphous red phosphorus, to specialty organophosphorus compounds, and examples of their use in a range of thermoplastics are given. Intumescent formulations based on phosphates are especially designed for polyolefins. The behavior of a typical intumescent system is described with respect to flame retardant performance, thermal stability, water sensitivity, and filler compatibility.     

Coating evaluation and validation of accelerated test conditions using an in-situ corrosion sensor

An in-situ corrosion sensor was used to obtain electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements on coated panels under a variety of accelerated laboratory test conditions as well as ambient exposure at a Florida beach. Three studies are reported. The first compared the sensor (EIS) measurements taken in a salt fog chamber to those obtained using a clamp-on cell and the conventional remote electrode/immersion approach. For coatings with minimal edge defects, the two methods gave equivalent results. For coatings with edge defects, the sensor was able to detect the defects provided the surface was wet, as in the salt fog chamber. In contrast, the conventional approach was unable to detect defects unless they were within the confines of the clamp-on cell. In the second case, sensor measurements were used to compare coating degradation during salt fog, a cyclic corrosion test, humidity, and immersion to that occurring at a Florida beach. The cyclic corrosion test showed an excellent correlation with beach exposure while the salt fog and other test showed very little correlation, suggesting that the cyclic test is more valid for discriminating coating performance for seacoast exposure. The sensor also indicated that the test could be short-ened by up to 40% without significantly reducing the validity of the test. In the final example, a series of primers and appliqués were evaluated using the cyclic corrosion test. The sensor EIS results allowed a discrimination between the materials sets even though there was little or no visual difference between the specimens. 10260 Old Columbia Rd., Columbia, MD 21046.     

The removal of radioactive caesium contaminants from simple aqueous solutions

Cs ions can be removed from aqueous solutions by forming a precipitate of copper ferrocyanide which, having occluded the Cs ions, can in turn be floated by means of an anionic collector. Collection was achieved with either α-sulphopalmitic acid or sodium dodecyl sulphate depending on what interfering ions were initially present in the solution. Recoveries of 98–99% were obtained on batch scale experiments and 97.5–98.5% on continuous scale operation. The investigations of the flotation parameters of pH, gas-rate, concentrations of precipitating reagents and collector, as well as the interference effects of other ions are discussed. Using data obtained in batch scale tests, continuous scale experiments were designed and operated.     

A MECHANISTICALLY BASED MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF SULFUR DIOXIDE ABSORPTION INTO A CALCIUM HYDROXIDE SLURRY IN A SPRAY DRYER

A mathematical model has been developed to predict So₂ absorption and removal during the constant rate drying period of a spray dryer. The model, based on film theory, treats the atomized slurry droplets as spheres containing discrete sorbent particles of slaked lime with the fluid uniformly distributed around the individual particles. The model includes gas and liquid phase mass transfer coefficients as well as resistance to Ca(OH)₂ dissolution. A sensitivity analysis has been conducted and a comparison was made between pilot-scale experimental data and model-predicted values of S0₂ removal efficiency.     

EVAPORATION FROM POROUS MEDIA: A CAPILLARY MODEL OF A PENETRATING FRONT

A capillary tube model was solved to investigate the influence of mass transfer coefficient, temperature, and front depth on the evaporation rate during the penetrating-front period of water-filled porous media dried in hot air. The results show that increasing the flow rate of the drying air is not so efficient as increasing the sample temperature. Due to attenuating diffusion rate, the rate of liquid front migration decreases with time. The calculations explain the falling rate period behavior of sandstone heated at 121°C. Trends depicted by the model may be useful for the design of heating conditions for drying processes.