采用新型焊接电弧提高焊接生产的经济效益和焊缝质量

通过在传统的短路过渡电弧和射流过渡电弧的基础上进行创新,发展新型的焊接电弧,可以显著地提高电弧焊接在金属连接中的优越性。两种新的焊接电弧,forceArc~杂志焊接电弧和coldArc~焊接电弧可以在一个焊接电源上实现,对焊接生产具有现实意义。了解和掌握这些新型电弧的工艺特点,可以有效地将其应用到生产中,以此提高焊接产品的质量和焊接生产的经济效益。新型焊接电弧的出现使现有的有关焊前焊接接头准备的标准和规定,特别是有关坡口角度和焊接位置,需要重新考虑。新型焊接电弧可以应用于各种金属加工工业中的焊接生产,是对弧焊工艺的一个创新。     

Produktionsintegrierter Umweltschutz – Verwertung von Reststoffen

Production-integrated environmental protection – Utilization of residues . Chemical plants as well as coal-fired powerstations utilize chemical reactions in order to produce materials or energy. Most of these reactions additionally produce gaseous, liquid, or solid residues. It is the main objective of production-integrated environmental protection to use these residues as suitable feedstocks in order to reduce environmental pollution and lower the consumption of raw materials. Several examples from the BASF Group will show how, by crossing the borders of the respective plant, reasonable solutions for material, or at least energetic, utilization of residues can be achieved. As a result of permanent efforts in production-integrated environmental protection over many years and despite increasing outputs the emissions of the chemical industry have been continuously reduced.     

In vitro and in vivo Staining Characteristics of Small,Fluorescent, Aβ42‐Binding D‐Enantiomeric Peptides in Transgenic AD Mouse Models

Plaque visualisation : We identified three different D ‐enantiomeric peptides that bind to Alzheimer's amyloid β (Aβ1‐42). As there is currently no definitive pre‐mortem diagnosis for Alzheimer's disease, we investigated the peptides' suitability as molecular probes for in vivo imaging in transgenic mouse models.

     

Discovery of Riociguat (BAY 63‐2521): A Potent,Oral Stimulator of Soluble Guanylate Cyclase for the Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension

Direct stimulation of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) represents a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of a range of diseases, including the severely disabling pulmonary hypertension (PH). Optimization of the unfavorable DMPK profile of previous sGC stimulators provided riociguat, which is currently being investigated in phase III clinical trials for the oral treatment of PH.

     

Phase decomposition upon alteration of radiation-damaged monazite-(ce) from moss, Østfold, norway

The internal textures of crystals of moderately radiation-damaged monazite-(Ce) from Moss, Norway, indicate heavy, secondary chemical alteration. In fact, the cm-sized specimens are no longer mono-mineral monazite but rather a composite consisting of monazite-(Ce) and apatite pervaded by several generations of fractures filled with sulphides and a phase rich in Th, Y, and Si. This composite is virtually a 'pseudomorph' after primary euhedral monazite crystals whose faces are still well preserved. The chemical alteration has resulted in major reworking and decomposition of the primary crystals, with potentially uncontrolled elemental changes, including extensive release of Th from the primary monazite and local redeposition of radionuclides in fracture fillings. This seems to question the general alteration-resistance of orthophosphate phases in a low-temperature, 'wet' environment, and hence their suitability as potential host ceramics for the long-term immobilisation of radioactive waste.     

Inhibitors of inducible NO synthase expression: total synthesis of (S)-curvularin and its ring homologues

(S)-Curvularin and its 13-, 14-, and 16-membered lactone homologues were synthesized through a uniform strategy in which a Kochi oxidative decarboxylation and ring-closing metathesis reactions constitute the key processes. In the evaluation of the anti-inflammatory effects of the synthesized compounds in assays using cells stably transfected with a human iNOS promoter-luciferase reporter gene construct, the 14- and 16-membered homologues showed a slightly higher inhibitory effect towards iNOS promoter activity than curvularin itself. However, the larger ring homologues also exhibited higher cytotoxicity, manifest in downregulated eNOS promoter activity. In contrast, the di-O-acetyl and 4-chloro derivatives of (S)-curvularin showed higher inhibitory efficiency towards induction of the iNOS promoter and less negative effect on eNOS promoter activity than curvularin.     

Synthesis of peptides onto the surface of poly(ethylene terephthalate) particle track membranes

In this article, we describe the synthesis of polypeptides onto the whole specific surface of poly(ethylene terephthalate) particle track membranes. In this case, initial functionalization is necessary. It had been done by an optimized surface oxidation in accordance with the method of Marchant‐Brynaert, J.; Deldime, M.; Dupont, I.; Dewez, J.‐L.; Schneider, Y.‐J. (J Colloid Interface Sci 1995, 173, 236). Subsequent activation with carbodiimide and reaction with multifunctional amines yielded an aminated surface. The synthesis of peptides was carried out by two different means: first, by the coupling of single amino acids analogous to the method of Merrifield, and second, by coupling of presynthesized polypeptides consisting of 18 helix‐forming amino acids. Analytical characterization was carried out by fluorescence spectroscopy by using the label Fluram® and confirmed by the results of X‐ray photoelectron (XP) spectroscopy. Only the stepwise synthesis led to a dense surface functionalization with peptides, whereas the coupling of fragments resulted in lower yields of coupling. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 74: 1669–1674, 1999     

Thermal and flow effects during adsorption in conventional,diluted and annular packed beds

Previous investigations have shown a complex combination of thermal and flow effects during adsorption in highly loaded, narrow packed beds. Respective conditions were realized by packing relatively large zeolite particles in a narrow tube (which causes wall channelling) and adsorbing water vapour from air on the particles (which is highly exothermic). The present work extends the investigation to novel column configurations with purposely altered conditions of heat generation and flow—namely to diluted beds, annular beds and beds consisting of coated particles. Experimental results obtained by near infrared tomography are compared with the results of breakthrough experiments in conventional columns and with numerical calculations. The latter are conducted with a non-isothermal, two-dimensional model that not only considers the increase of porosity and flow velocity near the tube wall, but also expresses the effective transport coefficients as functions of the radial coordinate. The model provides reasonable accuracy under conditions for which the usual plug-flow assumption is questionable.