Performance of multi-processing gain QS-CDMA over AWGN and Rayleigh fading channels

In this paper, we analyze the bit error rate performance of multi-processing gain quasi-synchronous (QS) code division multiple access (CDMA). Analysis is carried out for deterministic spreading sequences over additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and frequency selective slowly Rayleigh fading channels. We also find the bit error rate performance of multi-processing gain QS-CDMA for random spreading sequences and compare to that of deterministic spreading sequences. Results show that deterministic Gold codes outperform random codes considerably and perform differently for different rates while random codes give almost the same performance for all rates.     

Comparing of the Magnetic Force Parameters of Superconducting Maglev System Using Horizontal and Vertical PMG Geometry in Multi-Surface HTS-PMG Arrangement

Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism - In this study, a detailed static and dynamic experimental studies were carried out in different cooling heights (CH) by using two different...     

Identification of miR-199a-5p,miR-214-3p and miR-99b-5p as Fibrosis-Specific Extracellular Biomarkers and Promoters of HSC Activation

Liver fibrosis is characterized by the accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) resulting in the formation of fibrous scars. In the clinic, liver biopsies are the standard diagnostic method despite the potential for clinical complications. miRNAs are single-stranded, non-coding RNAs that can be detected in tissues, body fluids and cultured cells. The regulation of many miRNAs has been linked to tissue damage, including liver fibrosis in patients, resulting in aberrant miRNA expression/release. Experimental evidence also suggests that miRNAs are regulated in a similar manner in vitro and could thus serve as translational in vitro–in vivo biomarkers. In this work, we set out to identify and characterize biomarkers for liver fibrosis that could be used in vitro and clinically for research and diagnostic purposes. We focused on miRNAs released from hepatic 3D cultures exposed to methotrexate (MTX), which causes fibrosis, and acetaminophen (APAP), an acute hepatotoxicant with no clinically relevant association to liver fibrosis. Using a 3D in vitro model, we corroborated compound-specific responses as we show MTX induced a fibrotic response, and APAP did not. Performing miRNA-seq of cell culture supernatants, we identified potential miRNA biomarkers (miR-199a-5p, miR-214-3p, niRNA-125a-5p and miR-99b-5p) that were associated with a fibrotic phenotype and not with hepatocellular damage alone. Moreover, transfection of HSC with miR-199a-5p led to decreased expression of caveolin-1 and increased α-SMA expression, suggesting its role in HSC activation. In conclusion, we propose that extracellular miR-214-3p, miR-99b-5p, miR-125a-5p and specifically miR-199a-5p could contribute towards a panel of miRNAs for identifying liver fibrosis and that miR-199a-5p, miR-214-3p and miR-99b-5p are promoters of HSC activation.