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11.
12.
W. Chen S. -H. Wang R. Chu F. King T. R. Jack R. R. Fessler 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A》2003,34(11):2601-2608
A study was carried out to understand the effect of precyclic loading on stress-corrosion-crack initiation in an X-65 pipeline
steel exposed to a near-neutral-pH soil environment. The test specimens were precyclically loaded before corrosion exposure
to represent a service history of up to about 20 years, depending on the severity of pressure fluctuation. Microcracks had
initiated on the polished surface of the X-65 pipeline steel after long-time exposure at open-circuit potential (OCP) in a
near-neutral-pH synthetic soil solution. These microcracks were mostly initiated from pits at metallurgical discontinuities
such as grain boundaries, pearlitic colonies, and banded phases in the steel. Strong preferential dissolution was observed
along planes of the banded structures in the steel. The selective corrosion attack at these metallurgical discontinuities
is attributed to the galvanic nature of those areas to their neighbors. Cyclic loading prior to corrosion exposure had significant
effects on microcrack initiation and propagation during subsequent corrosion exposure. Cyclic loading prior to corrosion exposure
either reduced or increased the probability of crack initiation and the rate of crack propagation, depending upon the magnitude
of the stress cycles. The largest reduction was seen at a peak cyclic stress of about 0.8 of the yield strength. This cyclic-loading-dependent
cracking behavior might be related to the alteration of the substructures and the residual stress in the steel as a result
of precyclic loading. 相似文献
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King Abby C.; Taylor C. Barr; Haskell William L.; DeBusk Robert F. 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1989,8(3):305
Evaluated 120 healthy, sedentary, middle-aged adults randomly assigned to either a 6-mo home-based aerobic exercise training program or to an assessment-only control condition. Adherence across the 6-mo period by the exercise group was demonstrated by self-report and heart rate microprocessor methods to exceed 75%. A 14-item Likert rating scale was used to measure a variety of psychological variables. Significant between-groups differences favoring the exercise group were found on scale items closely associated with actual physical changes that occurred with exercise (satisfaction with shape/appearance, perceived fitness). (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
16.
ABSTRACT: This study determined the efficacy and safety of ozonation in degrading aflatoxin in corn. Ozonation (10 to 12 wt%) reduced aflatoxin levels by 92% and no reversion to the parent compound was observed. Ozonation had minimal effect on fatty acids of uncontaminated corn, but had significant effect on fatty acids of contaminated corn. Crude extracts showed no mutagenic potential in the Ames assay using TA98 and TA100. Clean-up using hexane increased their mutagenic potentials. Clean-up using Mycosep columns increased the mutagenic potentials 18 to 617%. Hexane extracts from ozone-treated contaminated corn had lower inhibitory effect. This suggested that a fat-soluble mutagen is being formed or natural inhibitors of mutagenicity are being destroyed. 相似文献
17.
Compact conical antennas for wide-band coverage 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
A broadband antenna with a vertically polarized, omnidirectional electric field is studied. The design of the antenna and its feeding system in the wide frequency range from 20 to 1000 MHz is described and the driving-point impedance determined. Also calculated are the voltage standing-wave ratio (VSWR) and the input impedance of a transmission line connected to the antenna. More efficient operation at low frequencies is obtained by adding a length of transmission line to form a resonant section with the antenna. The effect of the different properties of the earth's surface on the field pattern is treated in a companion paper 相似文献
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19.
M. E. Fitzpatrick M. T. Hutchings J. E. King D. M. Knowles P. J. Withers 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A》1995,26(12):3191-3198
The effects of a thermal residual stress field on fatigue crack growth in a silicon carbide particle-reinforced aluminum alloy
have been measured. Stress fields were introduced into plates of material by means of a quench from a solution heat-treatment
temperature. Measurements using neutron diffraction have shown that this introduces an approximately parabolic stress field
into the plates, varying from compressive at the surfaces to tensile in the center. Long fatigue cracks were grown in specimens
cut from as-quenched plates and in specimens which were given a stress-relieving overaging heat treatment prior to testing.
Crack closure levels for these cracks were determined as a function of the position of the crack tip in the residual stress
field, and these are shown to differ between as-quenched and stress-relieved samples. By monitoring the compliance of the
specimens during fatigue cycling, the degree to which the residual stresses close the crack has been evaluated.
formerly Research Student, Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge
formerly Lecturer, Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge
This article is based on a presentation made in the symposium entitled “Creep and Fatigue in Metal Matrix Composites” at the
1994 TMS/ASM Spring meeting, held February 28–March 3, 1994, in San Francisco, California, under the auspices of the Joint
TMS-SMD/ASM-MSD Composite Materials Committee. 相似文献
20.
Very high-order microring resonator filters for WDM applications 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
B.E. Little S.T. Chu P.P. Absil J.V. Hryniewicz F.G. Johnson F. Seiferth D. Gill V. Van O. King M. Trakalo 《Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE》2004,16(10):2263-2265
High-order microring resonators having from 1 to 11 coupled cavities are demonstrated. These filters exhibit low loss, flat tops, and out-of-band rejection ratios that can exceed 80 dB. They achieve performance that is suitable for commercial applications. 相似文献