Rheology and bread‐making performance of gluten‐free formulations affected by different levels of sugar beet fibre,hydroxypropylmethylcellulose and water

This study investigated the application of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) (2%, 3%, 4%), sugar beet fibre (SBF) (3%, 5%, 7%) and water (210%, 220%, 230%) into maize‐based gluten‐free (GF) formulations and their effects on the GF batter rheology and bread quality. HPMC incorporation in higher amounts reduced the compliance values of GF batter samples and increased the values of dynamic moduli indicating an improvement in the GF batter elastic characteristic. The same course of action with a less pronounced influence on mentioned rheological parameters had SBF addition. GF bread quality evaluation in terms of specific loaf volume and crumb texture (hardness, cohesiveness and springiness) reveals that HPMC and SBF incorporation at higher levels enhanced these quality parameters. The inclusion of HPMC and SBF coupled with adequate water content can improve the nutritional value of GF bread without negative influence on bread quality.     

Bipolar current controlled rectifier circuits

A new realization of bipolar full-wave rectifier of input sinusoidal signals, employing one MO-CCCII (multiple output current controlled current conveyor), a zero-crossing detector (ZCD), and one resistor connected to fixed potential is presented. The circuit provides the operating frequency up to 10 MHz with increased linearity and precision in processing of input voltage signal, with a very low harmonic distortion. The errors related to the signal processing and errors bound were investigated and provided in the paper. The PSpice simulations are depicted and agree well with the theoretical anticipation. The maximum power consumption of the converter is approximately 2.83 mW, at ±1.2 V supply voltages.     

Exploring innovative solutions for aged concrete utilization: treatment of liquid radioactive waste

Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy - In this study, the applicability of waste concrete as a sorbent material for the liquid radioactive waste management was considered. The sample was...     

Innovating and management of the knowledge base on the example of IT applications

This paper presents ongoing research in standardised subfields of information technology (IT). This is an isolated segment of a comparative statistical analysis of trends in global (ISO) and local (SRPS) standardisation of knowledge sources (KS) in the subfields of IT applications (ICS2?=?35.240). The ultimate goal of the study is to define management of knowledge base systems. The specific objectives of this research are related to the presentation of original results, comparative criteria, and defining the level of innovativeness (based clustering) in forming a knowledge base (KB), from the knowledge source to modelling, implementing and improving the knowledge base system on the example of the subfields of IT applications.     

Language-related issues for NMT and PBMT for English–German and English–Serbian

This work presents an extensive comparison of language-related problems for neural machine translation (NMT) and phrase-based machine translation (PBMT) for German-to-English, English-to-German and English-to-Serbian. The explored issues are related both to the characteristics of the languages as well as to the (machine) translation process and, although related, go beyond typical translation error classes. It is shown that the main advantage of the NMT approach consists of better generating verb forms, avoiding verb omissions, as well as better handling of English noun collocations and negation. It is also shown that the main obstacles for the NMT system are prepositions, translation of English (source) ambiguous words and generating English (target) continuous and perfect tenses. In addition, preliminary experiments show that a number of issues are complementary, i.e., not occurring in the same segments and/or in the same form. This means that a combination or hybridisation of the NMT and PBMT approaches is a promising direction for improving both types of systems.     

Second‐order statistics of system with N‐branch microdiversity and L‐branch macrodiversity operating over gamma shadowed Nakagami‐m fading channels

The problem concerning short‐term fading and long‐term fading (shadowing) and their deleterious effects on wireless systems performance has been in focus for a long time. In this paper, motivated by the results of propagation measurements in land‐mobile and indoor‐mobile systems, and by the fact that gamma distribution can describe shadowing reliably, Nakagami‐m distribution is used to model the signal envelope and gamma distribution is used to model the average signal power. Receive diversity with maximal‐ratio combining and selection combining is implemented at the microlevel and macrolevel, respectively. The general case is explored, which assumes that microdiversity and macrodiversity are provided through arbitrary number of channels. Because shadowing has larger correlation distance than short‐term fading, correlated macrodiversity channels are studied. This paper investigates the dynamics of the received signal. A novel rapidly converging infinite‐series expression for average level crossing rate and average fade duration are obtained. Numerical results are graphically presented to examine the impact of fading severity, shadowing severity, number of diversity branches at the microlevel, number of base stations and correlation between base stations to the system's performance. Computer simulations are also performed to verify the validity and the accuracy of proposed theoretical analysis. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Clock jitter generator with picoseconds resolution

The clock is one of the most critical signals in any synchronous system. As CMOS technology has scaled, supply voltages have dropped chip power consumption has increased and the effects of jitter due to clock frequency increase have become critical and jitter budget has become tighter. This article describes design and development of low-cost mixed-signal programmable jitter generator with high resolution. The digital technique is used for coarse-grain and an analogue technique for fine-grain clock phase shifting. Its structure allows injection of various random and deterministic jitter components in a controllable and programmable fashion. Each jitter component can be switched on or off. The jitter generator can be used in jitter tolerance test and jitter transfer function measurement of high-speed synchronous digital circuits. At operating system clock frequency of 220?MHz, a jitter with 4?ps resolution can be injected.     

多金属硫化精矿中铜、锌和铁的生物浸出(英文)

利用嗜温混合菌Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans,Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans和Leptospirillum ferrooxidans对低品位复杂Cu-Zn-Pb-Fe-Ag-Au硫化精矿在曝气生物浸出反应器中进行生物浸出。该菌种为从塞尔维亚Bor地下铜矿的酸性溶液中筛选出一种嗜热嗜酸菌。营养液为p H 1.6的9K营养液。87%的矿物粒度大于10μm,矿浆密度为8%(w/v)。在测试条件下,锌、铜和铁的浸出率分别达到89%、83%和68%。动力学分析表明,浸出过程与Spencer-Topley模型相符,受局部反应扩散控制。